linux进程通讯之信号量

参考http://blog.csdn.net/ljianhui/article/details/10243617

在学习信号量时，我们要理顺linux提供两种信号量

 

下面主要针对SYSTEM V举例

功能：父子进程间通过两个信号量实现同步。

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/sem.h>

#define	PATHNAME	/home/smb/test/2-4-1/test.c
#define	SEM_NUM		2

union semun
{
	int val;
	struct semid_ds *buf;
	unsigned short *arry;
};
//sem:信号标示符,index：信号灯编号， value:信号初始值
int set_semval(int sem, int index, int value)
{
	union semun sem_union;
	sem_union.val = value;
	
	if(semctl(sem, index,SETVAL,sem_union) == -1)
	{
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}
//sem:信号标示符,sops：带操作信号数组， index：信号灯编号
int sem_p(int sem, struct sembuf *sops, int index)
{
	sops->sem_num = index;
	sops->sem_op = -1;
	sops->sem_flg=SEM_UNDO;
	
	if(semop(sem, sops, 1) == -1)
	{
		return 0;
	}
	return -1;
}
int sem_v(int sem, struct sembuf *sops, int index)
{
	sops->sem_num = index;
	sops->sem_op = 1;
	sops->sem_flg=SEM_UNDO;
	
	if(semop(sem, sops, 1) == -1)
	{
		return 0;
	}
	return -1;
}
int main(void)
{	
	key_t key;
	int err;
	int sem_id;
	int i;
	int pid;
	
	struct sembuf sops[2];
	
	key = ftok("PATHNAME",'a');
	printf("key=%d\n",key);
	
	sem_id = semget(key,2,IPC_CREAT|0777);
	if(sem_id == -1)
	{
		printf("semget fail\n");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	/*初始化信号集*/
	for(i=0;i<SEM_NUM;i++)
	{
		err = set_semval(sem_id, i, 1);
		if(!err)
		{
			printf("sem_set_val fail:i=%d\n",i);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
	}
	
	if( (pid=fork()) <0)
	{
		printf("fork fail\n");
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	if(pid>0)
	{
		/*等待信号量sem_1*/
		err = sem_p(sem_id, &sops[0], 0);
		if(!err)
		{
			printf("sem_p fail:i=%d\n",0);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		printf("father get sem_1\n");
		/*释放信号量sem_1*/
		err = sem_v(sem_id, &sops[0], 0);
		if(!err)
		{
			printf("sem_v fail:i=%d\n",0);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		printf("father release sem_1\n");
		
		sleep(5);
		/*等待信号量sem_2*/
		err = sem_p(sem_id, &sops[1], 1);
		if(!err)
		{
			printf("sem_p fail:i=%d\n",1);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		printf("father get sem_2\n");
	}
	else
	{
		sleep(2);
		/*等待信号量sem_1*/
		err = sem_p(sem_id, &sops[0], 0);
		if(!err)
		{
			printf("sem_p fail:i=%d\n",0);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		printf("child get sem_1\n");
		/*等待信号量sem_2*/
		err = sem_p(sem_id, &sops[1], 1);
		if(!err)
		{
			printf("sem_p fail:i=%d\n",1);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		printf("child get sem_2\n");
		/*释放信号量sem_2*/
		err = sem_v(sem_id, &sops[1], 1);
		if(!err)
		{
			printf("sem_p fail:i=%d\n",1);
			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
		}
		printf("child release sem_2\n");
		
	}
	
	
	
	

	
	
}

 

运行结果：