Spring4 javaConfig配置方式并集成JUnit

Spring是相当吊的项目，多数场景下均是通过XML配置的方式使用它，下面简单介绍如何通过JavaConfig方式进行配置。说个题外话，之所以研究JavaConfig是我在研究spring security的时候，中文材料少的可怜，找到了一篇外文博客，写的还是很赞的，Spring Security 4 Hibernate Integration Annotation+XML Example，博文下面有项目下载地址，该项目零XML配置，下面就通过该项目介绍。

HibernateConfiguration.java类：该类的作用可等同applicationContext.xml,个人觉得类名取得不直观，但是要影响关键是说下类上面的注解的作用。

package com.websystique.springsecurity.configuration;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;

import com.websystique.springsecurity.dao.UserDao;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

//说明类为IoC容器
@Configuration
//事务
@EnableTransactionManagement
//指定自动扫描包
@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.websystique.springsecurity" })
//配置文件
@PropertySource(value = { "classpath:application.properties" })
//指定使用CGLIB代理，并开启
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass = true)
public class HibernateConfiguration {
    @Autowired
    private Environment environment;

    @Bean
    public LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory() {
        LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory = new LocalSessionFactoryBean();
        sessionFactory.setDataSource(dataSource());
        sessionFactory.setPackagesToScan(new String[] { "com.websystique.springsecurity.model" });
        sessionFactory.setHibernateProperties(hibernateProperties());
        return sessionFactory;
     }
	
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(environment.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));
        dataSource.setUrl(environment.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.url"));
        dataSource.setUsername(environment.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.username"));
        dataSource.setPassword(environment.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.password"));
        return dataSource;
    }
    
    private Properties hibernateProperties() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.put("hibernate.dialect", environment.getRequiredProperty("hibernate.dialect"));
        properties.put("hibernate.show_sql", environment.getRequiredProperty("hibernate.show_sql"));
        properties.put("hibernate.format_sql", environment.getRequiredProperty("hibernate.format_sql"));
        return properties;        
    }
    
    @Bean
    @Autowired
    public HibernateTransactionManager transactionManager(SessionFactory s) {
       HibernateTransactionManager txManager = new HibernateTransactionManager();
       txManager.setSessionFactory(s);
       return txManager;
    }
}

在HibernateConfiguration类中数据库源，事务，session工厂均有代码，很直观。

下面介绍如何集成Junit4，

很多资源spring-test与Junit4集成均是基于applicationContext.xml的，但是我们这里没有配置文件，所以需要做些改变：

新建一个基本的测试配置类：

package config;

import com.websystique.springsecurity.configuration.HibernateConfiguration;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

/**
 * Created by li on 2016/1/14.
 */
//指定测试类的运行者
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//指定spring配置类
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {HibernateConfiguration.class})
//@WebAppConfiguration is a class-level annotation that is used to declare
//that the ApplicationContext loaded for an integration test should be a WebApplicationContext.
@WebAppConfiguration
@Transactional
public class TestConfig {
}

这里主要是ContextConfiguration的类要和上面的配置类对应好，下面集成Junit 进行 单元测试只要集成该基本类就可以了。下面进行单元测试：

package com.websystique.springsecurity.service;

import config.TestConfig;
import org.junit.Test;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;

/**
 * Created by li on 2016/1/14.
 */
public class UserServiceImplTest extends TestConfig{

    @Resource(name = "userServiceImpl")
    UserServiceImpl userServiceImpl;
    @Test
    public void testUserServiceClass() throws Exception {
        assertNotNull(userServiceImpl); 
        System.out.println(userServiceImpl.getClass());
    }
}

注意：UserServiceImpl 集成了接口，正是使用的CGLIB做代理，所以才没有报错。

PS:

其中@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(proxyTargetClass = true)是我加入的，目的指定CLGLIB作为代理，是防止在Bean继承接口的，抛出nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException: Bean named 'userServiceImpl' must be of type [com.websystique.springsecurity.service.UserServiceImpl], but was actually of type [com.sun.proxy.$Proxy43]异常。当然需要添加Maven依赖

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
			<version>${springframework.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
			<artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
			<version>${aspectj.version}</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
			<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
			<version>${aspectj.version}</version>
		</dependency>