Java加密技术—数字证书

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-04 20:33:37 发布

liyong313

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-04 20:33:37 发布

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分类专栏： java基础文章标签： java

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在构建Java代码实现前，我们需要完成证书的制作。
1.生成keyStroe文件
在命令行下执行以下命令：

keytool -genkey -validity 36000 -alias lee -keyalg RSA -keystore d:\lee.keystore

其中

-genkey 表示生成密钥
-validity 指定证书有效期，这里是 36000 天
-alias 指定别名，这里是 lee
-keyalg 指定算法，这里是 RSA
-keystore 指定存储位置，这里是 d:\lee.keystore

在这里我使用的密码为 123456

控制台输出：

输入密钥库口令:
再次输入新口令:
您的名字与姓氏是什么?
  [Unknown]:  lee
您的组织单位名称是什么?
  [Unknown]:  lee
您的组织名称是什么?
  [Unknown]:  ruiqi
您所在的城市或区域名称是什么?
  [Unknown]:  ruiqi
您所在的省/市/自治区名称是什么?
  [Unknown]:  taiyuan
该单位的双字母国家/地区代码是什么?
  [Unknown]:  CN
CN=lee, OU=lee, O=ruiqi, L=ruiqi, ST=taiyuan, C=CN是否正确?
  [否]:  Y

输入 <lee> 的密钥口令
        (如果和密钥库口令相同, 按回车):

2.生成自签名证书
光有keyStore文件是不够的，还需要证书文件，证书才是直接提供给外界使用的公钥凭证。
导出证书：

keytool -export -keystore d:\lee.keystore -alias lee -file d:\lee.cer -rfc

其中
-export 指定为导出操作
-keystore 指定 keystore文件
-alias 指定导出 keystore文件中的别名
-file 指向 导出路径
-rfc 以文本格式输出，也就是以 BASE64编码 输出
这里的密码是 123456

控制台输出：

输入keystore密码：  
保存在文件中的认证 <d:\lee.cer>

当然，使用方是需要导入证书的！

Ok，准备工作完成，开始Java实现！

 
package com.lee.encrypt; 


import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

/**
 * 证书组件
 * 
 */
public abstract class CertificateCoder extends Coder {


    /**
     * Java密钥库(Java Key Store，JKS)KEY_STORE
     */
    public static final String KEY_STORE = "JKS";

    public static final String X509 = "X.509";

    /**
     * 由KeyStore获得私钥
     * 
     * @param keyStorePath
     * @param alias
     * @param password
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String keyStorePath, String alias,
            String password) throws Exception {
        KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
        PrivateKey key = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias, password.toCharArray());
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * 由Certificate获得公钥
     * 
     * @param certificatePath
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static PublicKey getPublicKey(String certificatePath)
            throws Exception {
        Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);
        PublicKey key = certificate.getPublicKey();
        return key;
    }

    /**
     * 获得Certificate
     * 
     * @param certificatePath
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static Certificate getCertificate(String certificatePath)
            throws Exception {
        CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory
                .getInstance(X509);
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(certificatePath);

        Certificate certificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(in);
        in.close();

        return certificate;
    }

    /**
     * 获得Certificate
     * 
     * @param keyStorePath
     * @param alias
     * @param password
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static Certificate getCertificate(String keyStorePath,
            String alias, String password) throws Exception {
        KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
        Certificate certificate = ks.getCertificate(alias);

        return certificate;
    }

    /**
     * 获得KeyStore
     * 
     * @param keyStorePath
     * @param password
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static KeyStore getKeyStore(String keyStorePath, String password)
            throws Exception {
        FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(keyStorePath);
        KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KEY_STORE);
        ks.load(is, password.toCharArray());
        is.close();
        return ks;
    }

    /**
     * 私钥加密
     * 
     * @param data
     * @param keyStorePath
     * @param alias
     * @param password
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String keyStorePath,
            String alias, String password) throws Exception {
        // 取得私钥
        PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password);

        // 对数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);

        return cipher.doFinal(data);

    }

    /**
     * 私钥解密
     * 
     * @param data
     * @param keyStorePath
     * @param alias
     * @param password
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String keyStorePath,
            String alias, String password) throws Exception {
        // 取得私钥
        PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password);

        // 对数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);

        return cipher.doFinal(data);

    }

    /**
     * 公钥加密
     * 
     * @param data
     * @param certificatePath
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String certificatePath)
            throws Exception {

        // 取得公钥
        PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);
        // 对数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);

        return cipher.doFinal(data);

    }

    /**
     * 公钥解密
     * 
     * @param data
     * @param certificatePath
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String certificatePath)
            throws Exception {
        // 取得公钥
        PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);

        // 对数据加密
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);

        return cipher.doFinal(data);

    }

    /**
     * 验证Certificate
     * 
     * @param certificatePath
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean verifyCertificate(String certificatePath) {
        return verifyCertificate(new Date(), certificatePath);
    }

    /**
     * 验证Certificate是否过期或无效
     * 
     * @param date
     * @param certificatePath
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String certificatePath) {
        boolean status = true;
        try {
            // 取得证书
            Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);
            // 验证证书是否过期或无效
            status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            status = false;
        }
        return status;
    }

    /**
     * 验证证书是否过期或无效
     * 
     * @param date
     * @param certificate
     * @return
     */
    private static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, Certificate certificate) {
        boolean status = true;
        try {
            X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) certificate;
            x509Certificate.checkValidity(date);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            status = false;
        }
        return status;
    }

    /**
     * 签名
     * 
     * @param keyStorePath
     * @param alias
     * @param password
     * 
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String sign(byte[] sign, String keyStorePath, String alias,
            String password) throws Exception {
        // 获得证书
        X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) getCertificate(
                keyStorePath, alias, password);
        // 获取私钥
        KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password);
        // 取得私钥
        PrivateKey privateKey = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias, password
                .toCharArray());

        // 构建签名
        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate
                .getSigAlgName());
        signature.initSign(privateKey);
        signature.update(sign);
        return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());
    }

    /**
     * 验证签名
     * 
     * @param data
     * @param sign
     * @param certificatePath
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String sign,
            String certificatePath) throws Exception {
        // 获得证书
        X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) getCertificate(certificatePath);
        // 获得公钥
        PublicKey publicKey = x509Certificate.getPublicKey();
        // 构建签名
        Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate
                .getSigAlgName());
        signature.initVerify(publicKey);
        signature.update(data);

        return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));

    }

    /**
     * 验证Certificate
     * 
     * @param keyStorePath
     * @param alias
     * @param password
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String keyStorePath,
            String alias, String password) {
        boolean status = true;
        try {
            Certificate certificate = getCertificate(keyStorePath, alias,
                    password);
            status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            status = false;
        }
        return status;
    }

    /**
     * 验证Certificate
     * 
     * @param keyStorePath
     * @param alias
     * @param password
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean verifyCertificate(String keyStorePath, String alias,
            String password) {
        return verifyCertificate(new Date(), keyStorePath, alias, password);
    }
}

再给出一个测试类：

 
        /*
 * 文 件 名:  CertificateCoderTest.java 
 * 版    权:  此文件版权归山西锐祺科技有限公司所有 
 * 描    述:  <描述> 
 * 修 改 人:  Administrator 
 * 修改时间:  2014年4月30日 
 */
package com.lee.encrypt;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.junit.Ignore;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * 
 * @author lee
 * @version 1.0
 * @since 1.0
 */
public class CertificateCoderTest{


    private String password = "123456";
    private String alias = "lee";
    private String certificatePath = "d:/lee.cer";
    private String keyStorePath = "d:/lee.keystore";
  
    @Test
    @Ignore
    public void test() throws Exception {
        System.err.println("公钥加密——私钥解密");
        String inputStr = "Ceritifcate";
        byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();

        byte[] encrypt = CertificateCoder.encryptByPublicKey(data, certificatePath);

        byte[] decrypt = CertificateCoder.decryptByPrivateKey(encrypt, keyStorePath, alias, password);
        String outputStr = new String(decrypt);

        System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);

        // 验证数据一致
        assertArrayEquals(data, decrypt);

        // 验证证书有效
        assertTrue(CertificateCoder.verifyCertificate(certificatePath));

    }

    @Test
    @Ignore
    public void testSign() throws Exception {
        System.err.println("私钥加密——公钥解密");

        String inputStr = "sign";
        byte[] data = inputStr.getBytes();

        byte[] encodedData = CertificateCoder.encryptByPrivateKey(data, keyStorePath, alias, password);

        byte[] decodedData = CertificateCoder.decryptByPublicKey(encodedData, certificatePath);

        String outputStr = new String(decodedData);
        System.err.println("加密前: " + inputStr + "\n\r" + "解密后: " + outputStr);
        assertEquals(inputStr, outputStr);

        System.err.println("私钥签名——公钥验证签名");
        // 产生签名
        String sign = CertificateCoder.sign(encodedData, keyStorePath, alias, password);
        System.err.println("签名:\r" + sign);

        // 验证签名
        boolean status = CertificateCoder.verify(encodedData, sign, certificatePath);
        System.err.println("状态:\r" + status);
        assertTrue(status);

    }
 

}

控制台输出：

公钥加密——私钥解密
加密前: Ceritifcate

解密后: Ceritifcate
私钥加密——公钥解密
加密前: sign

解密后: sign
私钥签名——公钥验证签名
签名:
PdKXLSbJ1FKnUuzFroOxVd0xgLHPp989u6+32pue1TIFTCX5pkopcdAr7IYIjOyuEFjVdnOb4Xlh
4p4w6c272CcUn0SuU9BkdVCLzERPj5M6AiDRCsMJMQnUtfeEsM0ehPRiu+1PSaIcRTW9LBOvQ088
zGCaNuriVK51TpOr50ymzsR/RfzPJ0ag/VisJQ/AB1Y8cMxZv99kdt8XTv3GSldXyfYx8HG775Yo
Pet5tmSdDmj9QXgvUdwq0oy3j0Df/cPLLOPV5rwWyE0lohmyYovgSv+f9PUPa7N3kbLUwJQxy15m
FnJgqG7eszksVoTWdy8OOrTZrkKl7MoCIj13rA==

状态:
true