lightoj 1282 求n^k的前面3位和后面三位



1282 - Leading and Trailing
Time Limit: 2 second(s)Memory Limit: 32 MB

You are given two integers: n and k, your taskis to find the most significant three digits, and least significant threedigits of nk.

Input

Input starts with an integer T (≤ 1000),denoting the number of test cases.

Each case starts with a line containing two integers: n (2≤ n < 231) and k (1 ≤ k ≤ 107).

Output

For each case, print the case number and the three leadingdigits (most significant) and three trailing digits (least significant). Youcan assume that the input is given such that nk contains atleast six digits.

Sample Input

Output for Sample Input

5

123456 1

123456 2

2 31

2 32

29 8751919

Case 1: 123 456

Case 2: 152 936

Case 3: 214 648

Case 4: 429 296

Case 5: 665 669

 


Problem Setter: Shamim Hafiz
Special Thanks: Jane Alam Jan (Solution, Dataset)


题意:不说了。

分析:后面三位比较容易想到要用快速幂,模1000就行,注意要补足前导零。

前面三位可以把n的看次方表示成 x*10^(len-1)  即有 n^k = x*10^(len-1),

两边取log,能把指数化掉,len是n^k的数位, len = log(n^k). 除了x,所有数都知道了,就可以算了。


#include<bitset>
#include<map>
#include<vector>
#include<cstdio>
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<algorithm>
#include<cmath>
#include<stack>
#include<queue>
#include<set>
#define inf 0x3f3f3f3f
#define mem(a,x) memset(a,x,sizeof(a))

using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
typedef pair<int,int> pii;

inline int in()
{
    int res=0;char c;
    while((c=getchar())<'0' || c>'9');
    while(c>='0' && c<='9')res=res*10+c-'0',c=getchar();
    return res;
}
const int N=100100;

ll power(ll a,ll n)
{
    ll ret =1 ;
    while(n)
    {
        if(n&1) ret=ret*a%1000;
        a=a*a%1000;
        n>>=1;
    }
    return ret;
}
int main()
{
    int T=in(),ii=1;
    while(T--)
    {
        int n =in(),k=in();
        int len=k*log10(n*1.0);
        double x=pow(10.0,k*1.0*log10(n*1.0)-len+1);
        while(x<100) x*=10;
        int pre=x;
        ll last = power(n,k);
        printf("Case %d: %d ",ii++,pre);
        if(last>=100) printf("%lld\n",last);
        else if (last>=10) printf("0%lld\n",last);
        else printf("00%lld\n",last);
    }
    return 0;
}





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