配置Windows下vscode的Java/Maven开发环境

1 安装环境

1.1 安装VSCode

下载

1.2 安装Chocolate

以管理员身份运行Powershell, 执行以下命令安装Chocolate：

Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))

1.3 安装AdoptOpenJDK

• 打开官网手动下载，手动下载的目的是解决Coding Pack for Java 下载过慢
• 选择OpenJDK11 和 HotSpot
• 下载并安装
• 

1.4 安装maven

管理员权限运行CMD 或者 PowerShell ，执行

choco install maven -y

1.5 安装Coding Pack for Java

• 下载Coding Pack for Java
• 点击Next
  
• 点击Install
  
• 安装完成
  
• 此时Java Extension Pack已经安装好

2 Maven工程

2.1 添加settings.json配置

添加.vscode目录,并添加settings.json文件

在文件中添加以下内容

{
    "[json]": {
        "editor.defaultFormatter": "vscode.json-language-features"
    },
    "[java]": {
        "editor.defaultFormatter": "redhat.java"
    },
    "editor.defaultFormatter": null,
    "editor.linkedEditing": true,
    "editor.formatOnPaste": true,
    "editor.formatOnSave": true,
    "editor.formatOnSaveMode": "file",
    "editor.formatOnType": true,
    "java.configuration.updateBuildConfiguration": "automatic",
    "java.codeGeneration.hashCodeEquals.useInstanceof": true,
    "java.codeGeneration.hashCodeEquals.useJava7Objects": true,
    "java.codeGeneration.toString.codeStyle": "STRING_CONCATENATION",
    "java.codeGeneration.toString.limitElements": 1,
    "java.codeGeneration.toString.listArrayContents": true,
    "java.codeGeneration.generateComments": true,
    "java.codeGeneration.toString.skipNullValues": false,
    "java.codeGeneration.toString.template": "${object.className} [${member.name()}=${member.value}, ${otherMembers}]",
    "java.codeGeneration.useBlocks": false,
    "java.completion.enabled": true,
    "java.completion.favoriteStaticMembers": [
        "org.junit.Assert.*",
        "org.junit.Assume.*",
        "org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*",
        "org.junit.jupiter.api.Assumptions.*",
        "org.junit.jupiter.api.DynamicContainer.*",
        "org.junit.jupiter.api.DynamicTest.*",
        "org.mockito.Mockito.*",
        "org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.*",
        "org.mockito.Answers.*"
    ],
    "java.completion.filteredTypes": [
        "java.awt.*",
        "com.sun.*",
        "sun.*"
    ],
    "java.completion.guessMethodArguments": true,
    "java.completion.importOrder": [
        "java",
        "javax",
        "com",
        "org"
    ],
    "java.completion.maxResults": 0,
    "java.completion.overwrite": true,
    "java.configuration.checkProjectSettingsExclusions": true,
    "java.configuration.maven.globalSettings": "",
    "java.configuration.maven.userSettings": "",
    "java.contentProvider.preferred": "",
    "java.eclipse.downloadSources": true,
    "java.errors.incompleteClasspath.severity": "warning",
    "java.foldingRange.enabled": true,
    "java.format.comments.enabled": true,
    "java.format.enabled": true,
    "java.format.onType.enabled": true,
    "java.format.settings.profile": "GoogleStyle",
    "java.format.settings.url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/google/styleguide/gh-pages/eclipse-java-google-style.xml",
    "java.home": "C:\\Program Files\\AdoptOpenJDK\\jdk-11.0.10.9-hotspot",
    "java.implementationsCodeLens.enabled": true,
    "java.import.exclusions": [
        "**/node_modules/**",
        "**/.metadata/**",
        "**/archetype-resources/**",
        "**/META-INF/maven/**"
    ],
    "java.jdt.ls.vmargs": "-XX:+UseParallelGC -XX:GCTimeRatio=4 -XX:AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight=90 -Dsun.zip.disableMemoryMapping=true -Xmx1G -Xms100m",
    "java.maven.downloadSources": true,
    "java.maven.updateSnapshots": true,
    "java.maxConcurrentBuilds": 1,
    "java.progressReports.enabled": true,
    "java.project.outputPath": "",
    "java.project.referencedLibraries": [
        "lib/**/*.jar"
    ],
    "java.project.resourceFilters": [
        "node_modules",
        ".git"
    ],
    "java.recommendations.dependency.analytics.show": true,
    "java.refactor.renameFromFileExplorer": "prompt",
    "java.references.includeAccessors": true,
    "java.referencesCodeLens.enabled": true,
    "java.saveActions.organizeImports": true,
    "java.selectionRange.enabled": true,
    "java.semanticHighlighting.enabled": true,
    "java.server.launchMode": "Hybrid",
    "java.showBuildStatusOnStart.enabled": true,
    "java.signatureHelp.enabled": true,
    "java.sources.organizeImports.starThreshold": 99,
    "java.templates.fileHeader": [],
    "java.templates.typeComment": [],
    "java.trace.server": "off",
    "maven.excludedFolders": [
        "**/.*",
        "**/node_modules",
        "**/target",
        "**/bin",
        "**/archetype-resources"
    ],
    "maven.executable.options": "",
    "maven.executable.preferMavenWrapper": true,
    "maven.pomfile.autoUpdateEffectivePOM": true,
    "maven.pomfile.globPattern": "**/pom.xml",
    "maven.showInExplorerContextMenu": true,
    "maven.terminal.customEnv": [],
    "maven.terminal.favorites": [],
    "maven.terminal.useJavaHome": true,
    "maven.view": "hierarchical",
}

2.1 从模板创建Maven工程

按如下顺序点击

• 创建Java工程
  
• 从archetype创建Maven
  
• 选择maven-archetype-quickstart
  
• 选1.4
  
• 选择一个目录，比如这里选择java
• 等待一堆下载后 出现如下
  
• 如果网络不佳，会一直卡在Generating project in Interactive mode
  可以选择添加参数-DarchetypeCatalog=internal 手动执行

mvn org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-archetype-plugin:3.1.2:generate -DarchetypeArtifactId="maven-archetype-quickstart" -DarchetypeGroupId="org.apache.maven.archetypes" -DarchetypeVersion="1.4" -DarchetypeCatalog=internal

• 运行成功

2.2 清除language server

如果代码中出现了以下错误提示

The declared package "com.aura" does not match the expected package "app" Java(536871240)

则是Language Server的缓存目录不干净
按照以下操作进行处理:

• 按F1 打开命令框
• 选择Java: Clean the Java language server workspace
• 点击 Restart and delete

2.3 调试/启动

• 打开App.java, 点击F5 启动调试
• 此时会弹出提示，不要安装Dependency Analytic，这个依赖检查太严格会对log4j等依赖报红色波浪线，选择Never永远不装。
  
• 另一个提示是安装vscode-xml，这个插件比较好用，建议安装。
• 等待一会，出现Hello World 运行成功

2.4 生成可直接运行的Jar包

• 打开pom.xml 添加以下配置

<build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.1</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <transformers>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                  <mainClass>com.aura.App</mainClass>
                </transformer>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                  <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource>
                </transformer>
                <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">
                  <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource>
                </transformer>
              </transformers>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

• 右键点击 maven project test
  

• 点击package
  

• 构建成功
  

• 运行