概述
通知（Notification）是应用为用户显示重要信息提示的一种工具。系统为开发者提供了不同种类的通知样式模板可以使用，开发者也可以根据自己需要自定义通知样式。
之前写过类似的通知demo，时间长代码找不到了。另外，Google在Android N版本新增了可以直接回复的通知样式，Android O版本新增了通知渠道（NotificationCannel），也是时候更新一下知识库了。
代码结构
与通知相关的主要逻辑在Notifications、NotificationChannels和NotificationService这三个类中。
MainActivity.class
主要是处理按钮点击事件，发送对应种类的通知。
LaunchActivity.class
点击通知后启动的Activity。Notifications.class
封装了一个单实例来发送通知，里面定义了发送各种通知的方法。NotificationChannels.class
把demo中用到的所有NotificationChannel封装到一个方法里面，在应用启动的时候一次性创建。CustomApplication.class
在应用启动后一次性创建所有需要的NotificationChannel。NotificationService.class
后台服务，负责处理与通知相关的所有响应事件。NotificationContentWrapper.class
封装的通知数据结构体，通过一个对象传递所有相关数据。
通知渠道（NotificationChannel）
通知渠道是Google在Android O中新增加的功能或是增强，新的版本中把振动、音效和灯效（实际上很多手机已经没有呼吸灯了）等相关效果放在了通知渠道中控制，这样用户就可以有选择的控制应用的某一类通知的通知效果，而不像之前版本中应用所有通知都受控于一种设置。需要注意的是，在Android O版本中，发送通知的时候必须要为通知设置通知渠道，否则通知不会被发送。
public class NotificationChannels {
public final static String CRITICAL = "critical";
public final static String IMPORTANCE = "importance";
public final static String DEFAULT = "default";
public final static String LOW = "low";
public final static String MEDIA = "media";
public static void createAllNotificationChannels(Context context) {
NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
if(nm == null) {
return;
}
NotificationChannel mediaChannel = new NotificationChannel(
MEDIA,
context.getString(R.string.channel_media),
NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
mediaChannel.setSound(null,null);
mediaChannel.setVibrationPattern(null);
nm.createNotificationChannels(Arrays.asList(
new NotificationChannel(
CRITICAL,
context.getString(R.string.channel_critical),
NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH),
new NotificationChannel(
IMPORTANCE,
context.getString(R.string.channel_importance),
NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT),
new NotificationChannel(
DEFAULT,
context.getString(R.string.channel_default),
NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW),
new NotificationChannel(
LOW,
context.getString(R.string.channel_low),
NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_MIN),
//custom notification channel
mediaChannel
));
}
}
创建通知渠道的时候如果不额外设置音效、振动和灯光效果，通知在播放的时候会根据通知渠道中设置的重要等级（importance）来播放对应的通知效果。当然系统也提供了对应的方法来设置这些效果，实现方法可以参见上面代码中的meidiaChannel的实现。
各种优先级及对应效果如下：
/**
* A notification with no importance: does not show in the shade.
*/
public static final int IMPORTANCE_NONE = 0;
/**
* Min notification importance: only shows in the shade, below the fold.
*/
public static final int IMPORTANCE_MIN = 1;
/**
* Low notification importance: shows everywhere, but is not intrusive.
*/
public static final int IMPORTANCE_LOW = 2;
/**
* Default notification importance: shows everywhere, makes noise, but does not visually
* intrude.
*/
public static final int IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT = 3;
/**
* Higher notification importance: shows everywhere, makes noise and peeks. May use full screen
* intents.
*/
public static final int IMPORTANCE_HIGH = 4;
/**
* Unused.
*/
public static final int IMPORTANCE_MAX = 5;
各种样式的通知
下面给出各种式样的通知的效果图和写法，可以根据实际需求选择合适的方法，也可以自行组合。
简单通知
效果图
示例代码
public void sendSimpleNotification(Context context,NotificationManager nm) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_SIMPLE);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建删除通知时发送的广播
Intent deleteIntent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
deleteIntent.setAction(ACTION_DELETE);
PendingIntent deletePendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,deleteIntent,0);
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.LOW)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Simple notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for simple notification !")
//设置点击通知后自动删除通知
.setAutoCancel(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置通知右侧的大图标
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),R.mipmap.ic_notifiation_big))
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
//设置删除通知时的响应事件
.setDeleteIntent(deletePendingIntent);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_SAMPLE,nb.build());
}
带Action按钮通知
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendActionNotification(Context context,NotificationManager nm) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_ACTION);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.DEFAULT)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Action notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for action notification !")
//设置点击通知后自动删除通知
.setAutoCancel(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi);
//创建点击通知 YES 按钮时发送的广播
Intent yesIntent = new Intent(context, NotificationService.class);
yesIntent.setAction(ACTION_YES);
PendingIntent yesPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,yesIntent,0);
Notification.Action yesActionBuilder = new Notification.Action.Builder(
Icon.createWithResource("", R.mipmap.ic_yes),
"YES",
yesPendingIntent)
.build();
//创建点击通知 NO 按钮时发送的广播
Intent noIntent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
noIntent.setAction(ACTION_NO);
PendingIntent noPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,noIntent,0);
Notification.Action noActionBuilder = new Notification.Action.Builder(
Icon.createWithResource("", R.mipmap.ic_no),
"NO",
noPendingIntent)
.build();
//为通知添加按钮
nb.setActions(yesActionBuilder,noActionBuilder);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_ACTION,nb.build());
}
带快速回复功能通知
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendRemoteInputNotification(Context context,NotificationManager nm) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_REMOTE_INPUT);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.IMPORTANCE)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Remote input notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for remote input notification !")
//设置点击通知后自动删除通知
.setAutoCancel(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi);
//创建带输入框的按钮
RemoteInput remoteInput = new RemoteInput.Builder(REMOTE_INPUT_RESULT_KEY)
.setLabel("Reply").build();
Intent remoteInputIntent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
remoteInputIntent.setAction(ACTION_REPLY);
PendingIntent replyPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,2,remoteInputIntent,0);
Notification.Action replyAction = new Notification.Action.Builder(
Icon.createWithResource("",R.mipmap.ic_reply),
"Reply",
replyPendingIntent)
.addRemoteInput(remoteInput)
.build();
//为通知添加按钮
nb.setActions(replyAction);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_REMOTE_INPUT,nb.build());
}
大图效果通知（BigPictureStyle）
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendBigPictureStyleNotification(Context context,NotificationManager nm) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_BIG_PICTURE_STYLE);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建大视图样式
Notification.BigPictureStyle bigPictureStyle = new Notification.BigPictureStyle()
.setBigContentTitle("Big picture style notification ~ Expand title")
.setSummaryText("Demo for big picture style notification ! ~ Expand summery")
.bigPicture(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),R.mipmap.big_style_picture));
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.DEFAULT)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Big picture style notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for big picture style notification !")
//设置点击通知后自动删除通知
.setAutoCancel(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
//设置大视图样式通知
.setStyle(bigPictureStyle);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_BIG_PICTURE_STYLE,nb.build());
}
多文字效果通知（BigTextStyle）
- 示例代码
public void sendBigTextStyleNotification(Context context,NotificationManager nm) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_BIG_TEXT_STYLE);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建大文字样式
Notification.BigTextStyle bigTextStyle = new Notification.BigTextStyle()
.setBigContentTitle("Big text style notification ~ Expand title")
.setSummaryText("Demo for big text style notification ! ~ Expand summery")
.bigText("We are the champions \n" +
"We are the champions \n" +
"No time for losers \n" +
"Cause we are the champions of the World");
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.DEFAULT)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Big text style notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for big text style notification !")
//设置点击通知后自动删除通知
.setAutoCancel(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
//设置大文字样式通知
.setStyle(bigTextStyle);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_BIG_TEXT_STYLE,nb.build());
}
信箱效果通知（InboxStyle）
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendInboxStyleNotification(Context context, NotificationManager nm) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_INBOX_STYLE);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建信箱样式
Notification.InboxStyle inboxStyle = new Notification.InboxStyle()
.setBigContentTitle("Inbox style notification ~ Expand title")
.setSummaryText("Demo for inbox style notification ! ~ Expand summery")
//最多六行
.addLine("1. I am email content.")
.addLine("2. I am email content.")
.addLine("3. I am email content.")
.addLine("4. I am email content.")
.addLine("5. I am email content.")
.addLine("6. I am email content.");
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.DEFAULT)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Inbox style notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for inbox style notification !")
//设置点击通知后自动删除通知
.setAutoCancel(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
//设置信箱样式通知
.setStyle(inboxStyle);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_INBOX_STYLE,nb.build());
}
媒体效果通知（MediaStyle）
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendMediaStyleNotification(Context context, NotificationManager nm, boolean isPlaying) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_MEDIA_STYLE);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建Action按钮
Intent playOrPauseIntent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
playOrPauseIntent.setAction(ACTION_MEDIA_STYLE);
playOrPauseIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_OPTIONS, isPlaying ? MEDIA_STYLE_ACTION_PAUSE : MEDIA_STYLE_ACTION_PLAY);
PendingIntent playOrPausePendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,0, playOrPauseIntent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Notification.Action playOrPauseAction = new Notification.Action.Builder(
Icon.createWithResource(context,isPlaying ? R.mipmap.ic_pause : R.mipmap.ic_play),
isPlaying ? "PAUSE" : "PLAY",
playOrPausePendingIntent)
.build();
Intent nextIntent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
nextIntent.setAction(ACTION_MEDIA_STYLE);
nextIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_OPTIONS, MEDIA_STYLE_ACTION_NEXT);
PendingIntent nextPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,1, nextIntent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Notification.Action nextAction = new Notification.Action.Builder(
Icon.createWithResource(context,R.mipmap.ic_next),
"Next",
nextPendingIntent)
.build();
Intent deleteIntent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
deleteIntent.setAction(ACTION_MEDIA_STYLE);
deleteIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_OPTIONS,MEDIA_STYLE_ACTION_DELETE);
PendingIntent deletePendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,2, deleteIntent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Notification.Action deleteAction = new Notification.Action.Builder(
Icon.createWithResource(context,R.mipmap.ic_delete),
"Delete",
deletePendingIntent)
.build();
//创建媒体样式
Notification.MediaStyle mediaStyle = new Notification.MediaStyle()
//最多三个Action
.setShowActionsInCompactView(0,1,2);
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.MEDIA)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Media style notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for media style notification !")
//设置通知不可删除
.setOngoing(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
//设置Action按钮
.setActions(playOrPauseAction,nextAction,deleteAction)
//设置信箱样式通知
.setStyle(mediaStyle);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_MEDIA_STYLE,nb.build());
}
信息效果通知（MessagingStyle）
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendMessagingStyleNotification(Context context, NotificationManager nm) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_MESSAGING_STYLE);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建信息样式
Notification.MessagingStyle messagingStyle = new Notification.MessagingStyle("peter")
.setConversationTitle("Messaging style notification")
.addMessage("This is a message for you", System.currentTimeMillis(),"peter");
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.DEFAULT)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Messaging style notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for messaging style notification !")
//设置点击通知后自动删除通知
.setAutoCancel(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
//设置信箱样式通知
.setStyle(messagingStyle);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_MESSAGING_STYLE,nb.build());
}
带进度条通知
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendProgressViewNotification(Context context,NotificationManager nm, int progress) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intent.setAction(ACTION_PROGRESS);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intent,0);
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.LOW)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Downloading...")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText(String.valueOf(progress) + "%")
//设置通知不可删除
.setOngoing(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
.setProgress(100,progress,false);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_PROGRESS,nb.build());
}
自定义顶部提醒视图通知（CustomHeadsUpView）
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendCustomHeadsUpViewNotification(Context context, NotificationManager nm) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,LaunchActivity.class);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(context,0,intent,0);
//创建自定义顶部提醒视图
Intent answerIntent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
answerIntent.setAction(ACTION_CUSTOM_HEADS_UP_VIEW);
answerIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_OPTIONS, ACTION_ANSWER);
PendingIntent answerPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,answerIntent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Intent rejectIntent = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
rejectIntent.setAction(ACTION_CUSTOM_HEADS_UP_VIEW);
rejectIntent.putExtra(EXTRA_OPTIONS,ACTION_REJECT);
PendingIntent rejectPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(context,1,rejectIntent,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
RemoteViews headsUpView = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(),R.layout.custom_heads_up_layout);
headsUpView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_answer,answerPendingIntent);
headsUpView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_reject,rejectPendingIntent);
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.CRITICAL)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Custom heads up notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for custom heads up notification !")
//设置点击通知后自动删除通知
.setAutoCancel(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
//设置全屏响应事件;
.setFullScreenIntent(pi,true)
//设置自定义顶部提醒视图
.setCustomHeadsUpContentView(headsUpView);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_CUSTOM_HEADS_UP,nb.build());
}
自定义视图通知（CustomView）
效果图
- 示例代码
public void sendCustomViewNotification(Context context, NotificationManager nm, NotificationContentWrapper content, Boolean isLoved, Boolean isPlaying) {
//创建点击通知时发送的广播
Intent intent = new Intent(context,LaunchActivity.class);
PendingIntent pi = PendingIntent.getActivity(context,0,intent,0);
//创建各个按钮的点击响应广播
Intent intentLove = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intentLove.setAction(ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_LOVE);
PendingIntent piLove = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intentLove,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Intent intentPre = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intentPre.setAction(ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_PRE);
PendingIntent piPre = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intentPre,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Intent intentPlayOrPause = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intentPlayOrPause.setAction(ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_PLAY_OR_PAUSE);
PendingIntent piPlayOrPause = PendingIntent.getService(context,0, intentPlayOrPause,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Intent intentNext = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intentNext.setAction(ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_NEXT);
PendingIntent piNext = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intentNext,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Intent intentLyrics = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intentLyrics.setAction(ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_LYRICS);
PendingIntent piLyrics = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intentLyrics,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Intent intentCancel = new Intent(context,NotificationService.class);
intentCancel.setAction(ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_CANCEL);
PendingIntent piCancel = PendingIntent.getService(context,0,intentCancel,PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
//创建自定义小视图
RemoteViews customView = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(),R.layout.custom_view_layout);
customView.setImageViewBitmap(R.id.iv_content,content.bitmap);
customView.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_title,content.title);
customView.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_summery,content.summery);
customView.setImageViewBitmap(R.id.iv_play_or_pause,BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
isPlaying ? R.mipmap.ic_pause : R.mipmap.ic_play));
customView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_play_or_pause,piPlayOrPause);
customView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_next,piNext);
customView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_lyrics,piLyrics);
customView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_cancel,piCancel);
//创建自定义大视图
RemoteViews customBigView = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(),R.layout.custom_big_view_layout);
customBigView.setImageViewBitmap(R.id.iv_content_big,content.bitmap);
customBigView.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_title_big,content.title);
customBigView.setTextViewText(R.id.tv_summery_big,content.summery);
customBigView.setImageViewBitmap(R.id.iv_love_big,BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
isLoved ? R.mipmap.ic_loved : R.mipmap.ic_love));
customBigView.setImageViewBitmap(R.id.iv_play_or_pause_big,BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),
isPlaying ? R.mipmap.ic_pause : R.mipmap.ic_play));
customBigView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_love_big,piLove);
customBigView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_pre_big,piPre);
customBigView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_play_or_pause_big,piPlayOrPause);
customBigView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_next_big,piNext);
customBigView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_lyrics_big,piLyrics);
customBigView.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.iv_cancel_big,piCancel);
//创建通知
Notification.Builder nb = new Notification.Builder(context,NotificationChannels.MEDIA)
//设置通知左侧的小图标
.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_notification)
//设置通知标题
.setContentTitle("Custom notification")
//设置通知内容
.setContentText("Demo for custom notification !")
//设置通知不可删除
.setOngoing(true)
//设置显示通知时间
.setShowWhen(true)
//设置点击通知时的响应事件
.setContentIntent(pi)
//设置自定义小视图
.setCustomContentView(customView)
//设置自定义大视图
.setCustomBigContentView(customBigView);
//发送通知
nm.notify(NOTIFICATION_CUSTOM,nb.build());
}
通知相关事件响应
从上面发送通知的示例代码可以看出，所有与点击通知相关的响应事件都是通过PendingIntent来完成的。具体是如何交互的可以参照对应的广播事件处理来学习。
public class NotificationService extends Service {
private final static String TAG = "NotificationService";
public final static String ACTION_SEND_PROGRESS_NOTIFICATION = "com.android.peter.notificationdemo.ACTION_SEND_PROGRESS_NOTIFICATION";
private Context mContext;
private NotificationManager mNM;
private boolean mIsLoved;
private boolean mIsPlaying = true;
private List<NotificationContentWrapper> mContent = new ArrayList<>();
private int mCurrentPosition = 1;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
mContext = this;
mNM = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
initNotificationContent();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
if(intent != null && intent.getAction() != null) {
Log.i(TAG,"onStartCommand action = " + intent.getAction());
switch (intent.getAction()) {
case ACTION_SIMPLE:
break;
case ACTION_ACTION:
break;
case ACTION_REMOTE_INPUT:
break;
case ACTION_BIG_PICTURE_STYLE:
break;
case ACTION_BIG_TEXT_STYLE:
break;
case ACTION_INBOX_STYLE:
break;
case ACTION_MEDIA_STYLE:
dealWithActionMediaStyle(intent);
break;
case ACTION_MESSAGING_STYLE:
break;
case ACTION_YES:
mNM.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ACTION);
break;
case ACTION_NO:
mNM.cancel(NOTIFICATION_ACTION);
break;
case ACTION_DELETE:
break;
case ACTION_REPLY:
dealWithActionReplay(intent);
break;
case ACTION_PROGRESS:
break;
case ACTION_SEND_PROGRESS_NOTIFICATION:
dealWithActionSendProgressNotification();
break;
case ACTION_CUSTOM_HEADS_UP_VIEW:
dealWithActionCustomHeadsUpView(intent);
break;
case ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW:
break;
case ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_LOVE:
Notificaitons.getInstance().sendCustomViewNotification(this,mNM,mContent.get(mCurrentPosition),!mIsLoved,mIsPlaying);
mIsLoved = !mIsLoved;
break;
case ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_PRE:
--mCurrentPosition;
Notificaitons.getInstance().sendCustomViewNotification(this,mNM,getNotificationContent(),mIsLoved,mIsPlaying);
break;
case ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_PLAY_OR_PAUSE:
Notificaitons.getInstance().sendCustomViewNotification(this,mNM,mContent.get(mCurrentPosition),mIsLoved,!mIsPlaying);
mIsPlaying = !mIsPlaying;
break;
case ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_NEXT:
++mCurrentPosition;
Notificaitons.getInstance().sendCustomViewNotification(this,mNM,getNotificationContent(),mIsLoved,mIsPlaying);
break;
case ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_LYRICS:
break;
case ACTION_CUSTOM_VIEW_OPTIONS_CANCEL:
mNM.cancel(NOTIFICATION_CUSTOM);
break;
default:
//do nothing
}
}
return START_STICKY;
}
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
private void initNotificationContent() {
mContent.clear();
mContent.add(new NotificationContentWrapper(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(mContext.getResources(),R.mipmap.custom_view_picture_pre),"远走高飞","金志文"));
mContent.add(new NotificationContentWrapper(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(mContext.getResources(),R.mipmap.custom_view_picture_current),"最美的期待","周笔畅 - 最美的期待"));
mContent.add(new NotificationContentWrapper(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(mContext.getResources(),R.mipmap.custom_view_picture_next),"你打不过我吧","跟风超人"));
}
private void dealWithActionMediaStyle(Intent intent) {
String option = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_OPTIONS);
Log.i(TAG,"media option = " + option);
if(option == null) {
return;
}
switch (option) {
case MEDIA_STYLE_ACTION_PAUSE:
Notificaitons.getInstance().sendMediaStyleNotification(this,mNM,false);
break;
case MEDIA_STYLE_ACTION_PLAY:
Notificaitons.getInstance().sendMediaStyleNotification(this,mNM,true);
break;
case MEDIA_STYLE_ACTION_NEXT:
break;
case MEDIA_STYLE_ACTION_DELETE:
mNM.cancel(NOTIFICATION_MEDIA_STYLE);
break;
default:
//do nothing
}
}
private void dealWithActionReplay(Intent intent) {
Bundle result = RemoteInput.getResultsFromIntent(intent);
if(result != null) {
String content = result.getString(REMOTE_INPUT_RESULT_KEY);
Log.i(TAG,"content = " + content);
mNM.cancel(NOTIFICATION_REMOTE_INPUT);
}
}
private void dealWithActionSendProgressNotification() {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
for(int i=0 ; i<=100 ; i++) {
Notificaitons.getInstance().sendProgressViewNotification(mContext,mNM,i);
try {
Thread.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}).start();
}
private void dealWithActionCustomHeadsUpView(Intent intent) {
String headsUpOption = intent.getStringExtra(EXTRA_OPTIONS);
Log.i(TAG,"heads up option = " + headsUpOption);
if(headsUpOption == null) {
return;
}
switch (headsUpOption) {
case ACTION_ANSWER:
mNM.cancel(NOTIFICATION_CUSTOM_HEADS_UP);
break;
case ACTION_REJECT:
mNM.cancel(NOTIFICATION_CUSTOM_HEADS_UP);
break;
default:
//do nothing
}
}
private NotificationContentWrapper getNotificationContent() {
switch (mCurrentPosition) {
case -1:
mCurrentPosition = 2;
break;
case 3:
mCurrentPosition = 0;
break;
default:
// do nothing
}
return mContent.get(mCurrentPosition);
}
}
小结
本文给出了在Android 8.0版本中各种通知的写法，各种设置的效果也做了比较详细的注释，可以根据具体需求自行组合，相信可以覆盖绝大部分应用场景，想要了解更多可以参看文末参考文献中给出的链接文章。
参考文献
Google Notification user guide
Android Notification 详解
Android O Preview 之 通知渠道（Notification Channels）
Android notification .addAction deprecated in api 23
Android7.0 通知直接回复
如何使用Notification的相关Style实现不同类型的Notification
一起来学习Android 8.0系统的通知栏适配吧
解决PendingIntent传递参数为空的问题
Android--通知之Notification
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