目录
1.普通对象和普通指针
class A{
private:
string _name;
public:
A():_name("Jay"){std::cout<<"A()"<<std::endl;}
A(string name):_name(name){std::cout<<"A():"<<_name<<std::endl;}
~A(){std::cout<<"~A():"<<_name<<std::endl;}
};
//普通对象
int main()
{
//普通类对象(栈),自动释放
A a("A::a");
//普通类指针(堆),自己释放内存
A *pa=new A("A::pa");
delete pa;
return 0;
}
//创建a对象
A():A::a
//创建pa指针
A():A::pa
//手动释放pa指针
~A():A::pa
//自动释放a对象
~A():A::a
2.类成员对象和类成员指针
class A{
private:
string _name;
public:
A():_name("Jay"){std::cout<<"A()"<<std::endl;}
A(string name):_name(name){std::cout<<"A():"<<_name<<std::endl;}
~A(){std::cout<<"~A():"<<_name<<std::endl;}
};
class B{
private:
A a;
A *pa;
public:
B():a("a")
{
pa=new A("pa");
std::cout<<"B()"<<std::endl;
}
~B()
{
if(pa!=nullptr)
delete pa;
std::cout<<"~B()"<<std::endl;
}
};
//普通对象
int main()
{
//类成员对象b::a(栈),自动释放
//类成员指针b::pa(堆),手动释放
B b;
//指针内嵌套类成员对象pb::a(delete pb时自动释放)
//指针内嵌套类成员指针pb::pa(delete pb时手动释放)
B *pb=new B();
delete pb;
return 0;
}
//创建b对象
A():a
A():pa
B()
//创建pb指针
A():a
A():pa
B()
//手动释放pb指针
~A():pa //手动释放pa类成员指针
~B()
~A():a //自动释放a类成员对象
//自动释放b对象
~A():pa
~B()
~A():a
3.静态类成员对象和静态类成员指针
class A{
private:
string _name;
public:
A():_name("Jay"){std::cout<<"A()"<<std::endl;}
A(string name):_name(name){std::cout<<"A():"<<_name<<std::endl;}
~A(){std::cout<<"~A():"<<_name<<std::endl;}
};
class B{
private:
static A sa;
static A *spa;
public:
B(){std::cout<<"B()"<<std::endl;}
~B(){std::cout<<"~B()"<<std::endl;}
static void destroy_static()
{
if(spa!=nullptr)
delete spa;
}
};
A B::sa("sa");
A *B::spa=new A("spa");
int main(void)
{
//静态类成员对象b::sa(静态区),类创建时申请内存,程序结束时自动释放
//静态类成员指针b::psa(指针静态区,指向对象堆),手动释放
B b;
//静态类成员对象b::sa(静态区),类创建时申请内存,程序结束时自动释放
//静态类成员指针b::psa(指针静态区,指向对象堆),手动释放
//(且只能在所有对象销毁后释放一次)
B *pb=new B();
delete pb;
B::destroy_static();
return 0;
}
//创建sa静态类成员对象
A():sa
//创建spa静态类成员指针
A():spa
//创建b对象
B()
//创建pb对象
B()
//手动释放pb对象
~B()
//手动释放spa对象(自动释放的永远在手动释放的后边)
~A():spa
//自动释放b对象
~B()
//自动释放sa静态类成员对象
~A():sa
4.静态(static)类成员对象和静态类成员指针的应用
class Singleton
{
private:
class AuxiliaryRelease
{
public:
AuxiliaryRelease(){cout << "AuxiliaryRelease()" << endl;}
~AuxiliaryRelease()
{
if(_instance)
{
delete _instance;
cout << "~AuxiliaryRelease()" << endl;
}
}
};
public:
static Singleton * getInstance()
{
if(_instance == nullptr)
_instance = new Singleton;
return _instance;
}
private:
Singleton(){ cout << "Singleton()" << endl;}
~Singleton(){ cout << "~Singleton()" << endl;}
private:
static Singleton * _instance;
static AuxiliaryRelease _auxiliary_release;
};
Singleton * Singleton::_instance = nullptr;
//类的静态对象会自动析构(前提是对象,而且是静态)
Singleton::AuxiliaryRelease Singleton::_auxiliary_release;
int main(void)
{
Singleton *p1 = Singleton::getInstance();
Singleton *p2 = Singleton::getInstance();
return 0;
}
//静态类成员对象(类创建时)
AuxiliaryRelease()
//静态类成员指针定义
Singleton()
//手动释放静态类成员指针
~Singleton()
//自动释放静态类成员对象
~AuxiliaryRelease()