作为一个测试例子,自己做个记录,以备后续查找。
代码如下:
服务端代码:
//客户端和服务端的聊天
//服务端代码
//服务端代码
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 4321
#define BACKLOG 1
#define MAXRECVLEN 1024
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
char buf[MAXRECVLEN];
char str[MAXRECVLEN];
int listenfd, connectfd; /* socket descriptors */
struct sockaddr_in server; /* server's address information */
struct sockaddr_in client; /* client's address information */
socklen_t addrlen;
/* Create TCP socket */
if ((listenfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1)
{
perror("socket() error. Failed to initiate a socket");
exit(1);
}
/* set socket option */
int opt = SO_REUSEADDR;
setsockopt(listenfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt));
bzero(&server, sizeof(server));
server.sin_family = AF_INET;
server.sin_port = htons(PORT);
server.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
if(bind(listenfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server, sizeof(server)) == -1)
{
perror("Bind() error.");
exit(1);
}
if(listen(listenfd, BACKLOG) == -1)
{
perror("listen() error. \n");
exit(1);
}
addrlen = sizeof(client);
while(1)
{
if((connectfd=accept(listenfd,(struct sockaddr *)&client, &addrlen))==-1)
{
perror("accept() error. \n");
exit(1);
}
struct timeval tv;
gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);//获得当前精确时间
printf("You got a connection from client's ip %s, port %d at time %ld.%ld\n",inet_ntoa(client.sin_addr),htons(client.sin_port), tv.tv_sec,tv.tv_usec);
int iret=-1;
while(1)
{
iret = recv(connectfd, buf, MAXRECVLEN, 0);
if(iret>0)
{
printf("client message: %s\n", buf);
}else
{
close(connectfd);
break;
}
/* print client's ip and port */
// while(1)
// {
printf("server respon: ");
fgets(str,MAXRECVLEN,stdin);
// }
send(connectfd, str, iret, 0); /* send to the client welcome message */
}
}
close(listenfd); /* close listenfd */
return 0;
}
客户端代码:
//客户端和服务端的聊天
//客户端代码
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h> /* netdb is necessary for struct hostent */
#define PORT 4321 /* server port */
#define MAXDATASIZE 100
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int sockfd, num; /* files descriptors */
char buf[MAXDATASIZE]; /* buf will store received text */
char str[MAXDATASIZE];//在
struct hostent *he; /* structure that will get information about remote host */
struct sockaddr_in server;
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("Usage: %s <IP Address>\n",argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
if((he=gethostbyname(argv[1]))==NULL)//返回对应于给定主机名的包含主机名字和地址信息的hostent结构指针
{
printf("gethostbyname() error\n");
exit(1);
}
if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM, 0))==-1)
{
printf("socket() error\n");
exit(1);
}
bzero(&server,sizeof(server));
server.sin_family = AF_INET;//指代协议族,在socket编程中只能是AF_INET
server.sin_port = htons(PORT);//存储端口号(使用网络字节顺序),在linux下,端口号的范围0~65535,
//同时0~1024范围的端口号已经被系统使用或保留
server.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);//存储IP地址,使用in_addr这个数据结构
if(connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&server, sizeof(server))==-1)//connect用于建立与指定外部端口socket的连接
{
printf("connect() error\n");
exit(1);
};
while (1)
{
printf("input message:");
fgets(str,MAXDATASIZE,stdin);
if((num=send(sockfd,str,sizeof(str),0))==-1)
{
printf("send() error\n");
exit(1);
}
if((num=recv(sockfd,buf,MAXDATASIZE,0))==-1)
{
printf("recv() error\n");
exit(1);
}
buf[num-1]='\0';
printf("server message: %s\n",buf);
}
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
聊天结果如下图所示:
先启动服务端,使其处于等待时刻,等待客户端的请求。然后,再启动客户端。两者截图如下:
先从客户端,输入Hello server,则在服务端,立刻出现来自客户端的信息。
此时,服务端程序可以输入的状态,然后输入“Hello client”。以此进行一问一答的互动。
其中不足的是,一者输入后,必须等待对方的反馈,才可以进行下一条信息的发送。此外,上面的端口信息出现49549?这出乎意外,尚未知道原因,有看出来,欢迎留言告知。多谢!