不能打开参数文件initORCL.ora解决办法

[oracle@localhost oradata]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Wed Feb 27 21:43:51 2008
Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/opt/oracle/product/dbs/initorcl.ora'
SQL> startup nomount
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/opt/oracle/product/dbs/initorcl.ora'
没有文件，拷贝一个
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ ls
initdw.ora init.ora
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ vi init.ora
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ cp init.ora initorcl.ora
[oracle@localhost dbs]$ vi initorcl.ora
修改第78行的dbname=orcl
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 42742804 bytes
Fixed Size 451604 bytes
Variable Size 41943040 bytes
Database Buffers 204800 bytes
Redo Buffers 143360 bytes
可以到nomount状态，实例和后台进程都已经启动。