Yarn定义
Yarn是一个负责资源调度和任务管理的资源调度平台,它相当于电脑的操作系统,而MapReduce相当于在yarn上运行的应用程序
Yarn基本框架
Yarn主要由RecourceManager,NodeManager,ApplicationMaster,Container等组件构成
Yarn的框架图:
首先客户端向ResourceManager提交作业,
ReduceManager会在相对空闲的DataNode上启动一个AppMaster(它相当于此次作业的代理人),
AppMaster会将作业所需要的内存,空间,cpu大小告诉ResourceManager,ResourceManager会将所需的资源Container(锁定–在这个作业完成之前,这些资源不会被其他作业动用),
AppMaster会实时监控作业完成情况,
一旦作业完成,AppMaster就会告诉ResourceManager将资源回收。
Yarn的工作机制
首先客户端会向ResourceManager申请一个应用进程,
ResourceManager会返还给客户端一个路径用来存放原数据,jar包,配置文件
客户端将所需资源提交到ResourceManager所给的路径下
客户端告诉ResourceManager资源提交完毕并请求申请MRAppMaster
ResourceManager将用户的请求初始化为一个task并放到调度队列当中
ResourceManager寻找相对空闲的DataNode,NodeManager将任务领取
NodeMangaer创建容器Container,并产生MRAppMaster用于将所需的cpu,空间,内存锁定
Container将job的资源下载到本地
MRAppMaster申请运行maptask容器
ResourceManager将运行maptask的任务交给两个NodeManager创建容器
MRAppMaster发送程序启动脚本分别给两个NodeManager,NodeManager运行MapTask
向RM申请2个容器运行Reducetask程序
reduce向map获取相应分区数据
程序运行完之后MRAppMaster会向RsourceManager注销自己
资源调度器
Hadoop的资源调度器有三种:FIFO,Capacuty Scheduler,Fair Schedule
Hadoop 2.0版本默认的资源调度器为Capacuty Scheduler
FIFO(先进先出调度器)
只有一个队列,先进来的task先使用资源
Capacuty Scheduler(容器调度器)
有多个队列,多个队列的第一个task同时使用资源(效率高)
Fair Schedule (公平调度器)
按照缺额排序,缺额大者优先
任务推测执行
任务完成的时间和最后一个完成任务的Map决定,总有有一两个Map因为有bug的原因导致很慢,这个时候task就会有备份任务,来解决此问题
前提条件
1.每一个Task只能有一个备份任务
2.当前job已完成的Task数不能小于0.05
3.开启推测执行参数设置(mapred-site。xml文件中是自动打开的)
<property>
<name>mapreduce.map.speculative</name>
<value>true</value>
<description>If true, then multiple instances of some map tasks may be executed in parallel.</description>
</property>
<property>
推测执行算法
Reduce Join案例实操
要求:像数据库建立表连接一样,将两个表合并,并按照规定格式输出
最后输出:
1.首先需要创建实体Bean并序列化:
package hxy.Order.bean;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable;
import java.io.DataInput;
import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;
public class orderBean implements Writable {
private String order_id;
private String pd_id;
private int amount;
private String pd_name;
private String file_name;
public orderBean() {
}
public String getOrder_id() {
return order_id;
}
public void setOrder_id(String order_id) {
this.order_id = order_id;
}
public String getPd_id() {
return pd_id;
}
public void setPd_id(String pd_id) {
this.pd_id = pd_id;
}
public int getAmount() {
return amount;
}
public void setAmount(int amount) {
this.amount = amount;
}
public String getPd_name() {
return pd_name;
}
public void setPd_name(String pd_name) {
this.pd_name = pd_name;
}
public String getFile_name() {
return file_name;
}
public void setFile_name(String file_name) {
this.file_name = file_name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return order_id + '\t' + pd_name + '\t' + amount;
}
@Override
public void write(DataOutput dataOutput) throws IOException {
dataOutput.writeUTF(order_id);
dataOutput.writeUTF(pd_id);
dataOutput.writeInt(amount);
dataOutput.writeUTF(pd_name);
dataOutput.writeUTF(file_name);
}
@Override
public void readFields(DataInput dataInput) throws IOException {
this.order_id = dataInput.readUTF();
this.pd_id = dataInput.readUTF();
this.amount = dataInput.readInt();
this.pd_name = dataInput.readUTF();
this.file_name = dataInput.readUTF();
}
}
2.写mapper需要将文件名获取同时判断文件名,并进行赋值:
package hxy.Order.Ordermr;
import hxy.Order.bean.orderBean;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.InputSplit;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileSplit;
import java.io.IOException;
public class OrderMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable,Text,Text,orderBean> {
@Override
protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
FileSplit inputSplit = (FileSplit) context.getInputSplit();
String name = inputSplit.getPath().getName();
Text k = new Text();
orderBean order=new orderBean();
if (name.startsWith("order")){
String line = value.toString();
String[] split = line.split("\t");
order.setOrder_id(split[0]);
order.setPd_id(split[1]);
order.setAmount(Integer.parseInt(split[2]));
order.setPd_name("");
order.setFile_name("order");
k.set(split[1]);
}else{
String line = value.toString();
String[] split = line.split("\t");
order.setOrder_id("");
order.setPd_id(split[0]);
order.setAmount(0);
order.setPd_name(split[1]);
order.setFile_name("pd");
k.set(split[0]);
}
context.write(k,order);
}
}
3.写reducer类,将Mapper类传过来的OrderBean的内容进行加工输出:
package hxy.Order.Ordermr;
import hxy.Order.bean.orderBean;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class OrderReducer extends Reducer<Text,orderBean,orderBean,NullWritable>{
@Override
protected void reduce(Text key, Iterable<orderBean> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
ArrayList<orderBean> orderList = new ArrayList<>();
orderBean ordertem = new orderBean();
orderBean orderpd = new orderBean();
for (orderBean order : values){
if (order.getFile_name().equals("order")){
try {
BeanUtils.copyProperties(ordertem,order);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
orderList.add(ordertem);
}else{
try {
BeanUtils.copyProperties(orderpd,order);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
for (orderBean orderfinally : orderList) {
orderfinally.setPd_name(orderpd.getPd_name());
context.write(orderfinally,NullWritable.get());
}
}
}
最后是driver类:
package hxy.Order.Ordermr;
import hxy.Grop.GropGrop;
import hxy.Grop.GropMapper;
import hxy.Grop.GropReducer;
import hxy.Order.bean.orderBean;
import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.NullWritable;
import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;
import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;
import java.io.IOException;
public class OrderDriver {
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException {
Job job = Job.getInstance();
job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);
job.setMapOutputValueClass(orderBean.class);
job.setOutputKeyClass(orderBean.class);
job.setOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);
job.setMapperClass(OrderMapper.class);
job.setReducerClass(OrderReducer.class);
FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job,new Path("E:\\MR\\orderinput"));
FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job,new Path("E:\\MR\\orderOutput"));
job.waitForCompletion(true);
}
}