uboot第一阶段学习笔记(arm920t/start.S)

以Smdk2410板子为例:(并将代码扩展为支持S3C2440,代码为按执行顺序排列)

//u-boot-1.1.4/cpu/arm920t/start.S //注有S3C2440部分为本人所添加 .globl _start //全局入口 //设置向量跳转表 _start: b reset //复位向量 ldr pc, _undefined_instruction ldr pc, _software_interrupt ldr pc, _prefetch_abort ldr pc, _data_abort ldr pc, _not_used ldr pc, _irq //中断向量 ldr pc, _fiq //快速中断向量 _undefined_instruction: .word undefined_instruction _software_interrupt: .word software_interrupt _prefetch_abort: .word prefetch_abort _data_abort: .word data_abort _not_used: .word not_used _irq: .word irq _fiq: .word fiq .balignl 16,0xdeadbeef

_undefined_instruction: .word undefined_instruction 意思为:定义.word类型变量_undefined_instruction(变量名),初始值为undefined_instruction(变量的值).

.balignl 16,0xdeadbeef 意思为:在_start+60到_start+63地址写入标记deadbeef, .balignl具体用法可参考http://haoyeren.blog.sohu.com/84511571.html

_TEXT_BASE: .word TEXT_BASE /*定义在board/smdk2410/config.mk文件中，默认值是0x33F80000*/ .globl _armboot_start _armboot_start: .word _start /* * These are defined in the board-specific linker script. */ /*__bss_start、_end等定义在board/smdk2410/u-boot.lds文件中*/ .globl _bss_start _bss_start: .word __bss_start .globl _bss_end _bss_end: .word _end #ifdef CONFIG_USE_IRQ /* IRQ stack memory (calculated at run-time) */ /*定义在include/configs/Smdk2410.h*/ .globl IRQ_STACK_START IRQ_STACK_START: .word 0x0badc0de /* IRQ stack memory (calculated at run-time) */ .globl FIQ_STACK_START FIQ_STACK_START: .word 0x0badc0de #endif

reset: /* * set the cpu to SVC32 mode */ mrs r0,cpsr bic r0,r0,#0x1f orr r0,r0,#0xd3 msr cpsr,r0 /* turn off the watchdog */ #if defined(CONFIG_S3C2400) # define pWTCON 0x15300000 # define INTMSK 0x14400008 /* Interupt-Controller base addresses */ # define CLKDIVN 0x14800014 /* clock divisor register */ #elif defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)||defined(CONFIG_S3C2440) # define pWTCON 0x53000000 # define INTMSK 0x4A000008 /* Interupt-Controller base addresses */ # define INTSUBMSK 0x4A00001C # define CLKDIVN 0x4C000014 /* clock divisor register */ #endif #if defined(CONFIG_S3C2400) || defined(CONFIG_S3C2410)||defined(CONFIG_S3C2440) ldr r0, =pWTCON mov r1, #0x0 str r1, [r0] /* * mask all IRQs by setting all bits in the INTMR - default */ mov r1, #0xffffffff ldr r0, =INTMSK str r1, [r0] # if defined(CONFIG_S3C2410) ldr r1, =0x3ff ldr r0, =INTSUBMSK str r1, [r0] # endif # if defined(CONFIG_S3C2440) ldr r1,=0xffff ldr r0,=INTSUBMSK str r1,[r0] # endif /* FCLK:HCLK:PCLK = 1:2:4 */ /* default FCLK is 120 MHz ! */ ldr r0, =CLKDIVN mov r1, #3 str r1, [r0] #endif /* CONFIG_S3C2400 || CONFIG_S3C2410 */ /* * we do sys-critical inits only at reboot, * not when booting from ram! */ #ifndef CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT bl cpu_init_crit #endif

/* ************************************************************************* * * CPU_init_critical registers * * setup important registers * setup memory timing * ************************************************************************* */ cpu_init_crit: /* * flush v4 I/D caches */ mov r0, #0 mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c7, 0 /* flush v3/v4 cache */ mcr p15, 0, r0, c8, c7, 0 /* flush v4 TLB */ /* * disable MMU stuff and caches */ mrc p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0 bic r0, r0, #0x00002300 @ clear bits 13, 9:8 (--V- --RS) bic r0, r0, #0x00000087 @ clear bits 7, 2:0 (B--- -CAM) orr r0, r0, #0x00000002 @ set bit 2 (A) Align orr r0, r0, #0x00001000 @ set bit 12 (I) I-Cache mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0, 0 /* * before relocating, we have to setup RAM timing * because memory timing is board-dependend, you will * find a lowlevel_init.S in your board directory. */ mov ip, lr bl lowlevel_init mov lr, ip mov pc, lr

/*设置内存控制器,将SMRDATA处的连续13个字(1字=4字节)的配置数据复制到各个内存控制寄存器,已针对S3C2440更改部分设置*/ lowlevel_init: /* memory control configuration */ /* make r0 relative the current location so that it */ /* reads SMRDATA out of FLASH rather than memory ! */ ldr r0, =SMRDATA ldr r1, _TEXT_BASE sub r0, r0, r1 ldr r1, =BWSCON /* Bus Width Status Controller */ add r2, r0, #13*4 0: ldr r3, [r0], #4 str r3, [r1], #4 cmp r2, r0 bne 0b /* everything is fine now */ mov pc, lr .ltorg /* the literal pools origin */ SMRDATA: .word (0+(B1_BWSCON<<4)+(B2_BWSCON<<8)+(B3_BWSCON<<12)+(B4_BWSCON<<16)+(B5_BWSCON<<20)+(B6_BWSCON<<24)+(B7_BWSCON<<28)) .word ((B0_Tacs<<13)+(B0_Tcos<<11)+(B0_Tacc<<8)+(B0_Tcoh<<6)+(B0_Tah<<4)+(B0_Tacp<<2)+(B0_PMC)) .word ((B1_Tacs<<13)+(B1_Tcos<<11)+(B1_Tacc<<8)+(B1_Tcoh<<6)+(B1_Tah<<4)+(B1_Tacp<<2)+(B1_PMC)) .word ((B2_Tacs<<13)+(B2_Tcos<<11)+(B2_Tacc<<8)+(B2_Tcoh<<6)+(B2_Tah<<4)+(B2_Tacp<<2)+(B2_PMC)) .word ((B3_Tacs<<13)+(B3_Tcos<<11)+(B3_Tacc<<8)+(B3_Tcoh<<6)+(B3_Tah<<4)+(B3_Tacp<<2)+(B3_PMC)) .word ((B4_Tacs<<13)+(B4_Tcos<<11)+(B4_Tacc<<8)+(B4_Tcoh<<6)+(B4_Tah<<4)+(B4_Tacp<<2)+(B4_PMC)) .word ((B5_Tacs<<13)+(B5_Tcos<<11)+(B5_Tacc<<8)+(B5_Tcoh<<6)+(B5_Tah<<4)+(B5_Tacp<<2)+(B5_PMC)) .word ((B6_MT<<15)+(B6_Trcd<<2)+(B6_SCAN)) .word ((B7_MT<<15)+(B7_Trcd<<2)+(B7_SCAN)) .word ((REFEN<<23)+(TREFMD<<22)+(Trp<<20)+(Trc<<18)+(Tchr<<16)+REFCNT) .word 0x32 .word 0x30 .word 0x30

/*若当前在FLASH运行则拷贝uboot到内存*/ #ifndef CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT relocate: /* relocate U-Boot to RAM */ adr r0, _start /* r0 <- current position of code */ ldr r1, _TEXT_BASE /* test if we run from flash or RAM */ cmp r0, r1 /* don't reloc during debug */ beq stack_setup ldr r2, _armboot_start ldr r3, _bss_start sub r2, r3, r2 /* r2 <- size of armboot */ add r2, r0, r2 /* r2 <- source end address */ copy_loop: ldmia r0!, {r3-r10} /* copy from source address [r0] */ stmia r1!, {r3-r10} /* copy to target address [r1] */ cmp r0, r2 /* until source end addreee [r2] */ ble copy_loop #endif /* CONFIG_SKIP_RELOCATE_UBOOT */

/* Set up the stack */ stack_setup: ldr r0, _TEXT_BASE /* upper 128 KiB: relocated uboot */ sub r0, r0, #CFG_MALLOC_LEN /* malloc area *//*定义于include/configs/Smdk2410.h*/ sub r0, r0, #CFG_GBL_DATA_SIZE /* bdinfo */ #ifdef CONFIG_USE_IRQ sub r0, r0, #(CONFIG_STACKSIZE_IRQ+CONFIG_STACKSIZE_FIQ) #endif sub sp, r0, #12 /* leave 3 words for abort-stack */ /*清bss段*/ clear_bss: ldr r0, _bss_start /* find start of bss segment */ ldr r1, _bss_end /* stop here */ mov r2, #0x00000000 /* clear */ clbss_l:str r2, [r0] /* clear loop... */ add r0, r0, #4 cmp r0, r1 ble clbss_l

ldr pc, _start_armboot //跳到第二阶段(C代码) _start_armboot: .word start_armboot

U-Boot启动流程分析,_start标号:http://book.51cto.com/art/200912/169093.htm

对.lds连接脚本文件的分析: http://blog.chinaunix.net/u1/58780/showart_462971.html

start.s源码分析:  http://blog.chinaunix.net/u4/120234/showart_2376187.html

u-boot-1.1.6 start.S代码笔记: http://blog.csdn.net/rockhard/archive/2009/05/11/4166642.aspx

正式学习bootloader，基于u-boot1.1.4（子函数分析）（一）: http://www.cublog.cn/u1/58780/showart_459188.html
smdk2410 uboot源码分析－第一阶段（汇编部分）: http://zhangwenxin82.blog.163.com/blog/static/1145959562009663414684/