java的四种文件输入输出方式

BufferAndChannel.java

package fileio;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.CharBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.charset.CharsetDecoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

public class BufferAndChannel implements FileIo {

  @Override
  public List<String> readFile(String filePath) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer();

    Charset charSet = Charset.forName("UTF-8"); // 解码器
    CharsetDecoder decoder = charSet.newDecoder();
    ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024 << 5);
    try (FileInputStream file = new FileInputStream(filePath);
        FileChannel channel = file.getChannel()) { // 通过信道读入buf
      while (channel.read(buf) != -1) {
        // 注意先调用flip方法反转Buffer,再从Buffer读取数据
        buf.flip();
        CharBuffer charBuff = decoder.decode(buf); // 解码,将buf中的字节流转换为字符串
        String tem = charBuff.toString();
        str.append(tem);
        buf.clear(); // 每写一次清空一次缓存
      }
      long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println("Buffer/Channel方法读入文件耗时为：" + (end - begin));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    // 将字符串按行分割
    String tem = str.toString();
    List<String> retList = new ArrayList<String>(Arrays.asList(tem.split("\\n\\s*")));
    return retList;
  }

  @Override
  public void writeFile(List<String> strList, String filePath) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    try (FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
        FileChannel channnel = out.getChannel(); ) {
      try {
        StringBuilder build = new StringBuilder();
        for (String s : strList) {
          build.append(s + '\n');
        }
        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap((build.toString()).getBytes("UTF-8")); // 将字符串转化为字节
        channnel.write(buf); // 读取buffer中的数据流，将其写入通道
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("Buffer/Channel方法写入文件耗时为：" + (end - begin));
      } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
      }
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

}

File.java

package fileio;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;

public class File implements FileIo {

  @Override
  public List<String> readFile(String filePath) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Path path = Paths.get(filePath);
    List<String> retList = null;
    try {
      retList = Files.readAllLines(path, Charset.forName("utf-8"));
      long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println("java.nio.file.Files方法读入耗时为：" + (end - begin));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return retList;
  }

  @Override
  public void writeFile(List<String> strList, String filePath) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Path path = Paths.get(filePath);
    try {
      Files.write(path, strList, Charset.forName("utf-8"));
      long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println("java.nio.file.Files方法写入耗时为：" + (end - begin));
    } catch (IOException e2) {
      e2.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

}

Stream.java

package fileio;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class Stream implements FileIo {

  @Override
  public List<String> readFile(String filePath) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    List<String> retList = new ArrayList<String>();
    try (FileInputStream file = new FileInputStream(filePath);
        BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(file))) {
      String tem = null;
      while ((tem = in.readLine()) != null) {
        retList.add(tem);        
      }      
      long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println("Stream方法读入耗时为：" + (end - begin));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return retList;   
  }

  @Override
  public void writeFile(List<String> strList, String filePath) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    try (FileOutputStream file = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
        BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(file))) {
      for (String s:strList) {
        out.write(s + '\n');
      }
      long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println("Stream方法写入耗时为：" + (end - begin));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    } 
    
  }

}

WriterAndReader.java

package fileio;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class WriterAndReader implements FileIo {

  @Override
  public List<String> readFile(String filePath) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
    try (FileReader file = new FileReader(filePath);
        BufferedReader buf = new BufferedReader(file)) {
      String tem = null;
      while ((tem = buf.readLine()) != null) {
        if (!tem.isBlank()) {
          list.add(tem);
        }
      }
      long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println("Reader/Writer方法读入耗时为：" + (end - begin));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return list;
  }

  @Override
  public void writeFile(List<String> strList, String filePath) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    long begin = System.currentTimeMillis();
    File file = new File(filePath);
    try (FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(file);
        BufferedWriter out = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter)) {
      for (String s : strList) {
        out.write(s + '\n');
      }
      long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
      System.out.println("Reader/Writer方法写入耗时为：" + (end - begin));
    } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

}

四种读写方式在不同输入下的性能差异

tips:文件输出时，在末尾通过使用“\r\n”换行，通过记事本打开时，才有换行效果的体现。