Java基础-GUI编程讲解

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已于 2022-05-14 16:01:17 修改

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分类专栏： java基础文章标签： java 后端

于 2022-05-11 15:40:46 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/llx522/article/details/124711627

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GUI编程

组件

窗口
弹窗
面板
文本框
列表框
按钮
图片
监听事件
鼠标
键盘事件
破解工具

简介

GUI的核心技术：Swing和AWT

1.界面不美观

2.需要jre环境

3.GUI是MVC的基础，可以写出自己心里想要的一些小工具，工作需要维护到swing界面。

了解MVC架构，了解监听。

AWT

介绍

抽象的窗口工具
包含了很多的类和接口。
GUI：图形用户界面
元素：窗口，按钮，文本框

在这里插入图片描述

组件和容器

Frame

在这里插入图片描述

package gui.study;

import java.awt.*;

/*
GUI的第一个界面
 */
public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Frame
        Frame frame = new Frame("第一个图形界面窗口");

        //设置可见性
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //设置窗口大小
        frame.setSize(400,400);

        //设置背景颜色
        frame.setBackground(new Color(18, 145, 229));

        //弹出的初始位置
        frame.setLocation(200,200);

        //设置大小固定
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

多个图形界面，自己定义一个MyFrame方法继承Frame

package gui.study;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //展示多个窗口
        new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.blue);
        new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.yellow);
        new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.red);
        new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.pink);

    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id = 0;//可能存在多个窗口，需要一个计数器

    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("Myframe+"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

面板Panel

frame.add(Panel)
解决了关闭问题：用WindowsListener的子类重写方法

package gui.study;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

//Panel可以看作是一个空间，但不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();

        //设置布局:不设置的话置顶了
        frame.setLayout(null);

        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(28, 234, 28));

        //panel设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(12, 99, 205));

        //frame.add(panel)：添加面板
        frame.add(panel);

        //可视化
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件，监听窗口关闭事件，System.exit(0)
        //适配器模式：新new一个窗口的时候需要重新很多方法，现在只用重新一个
        //WindowsAdapter是WindowsListener的子类
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //关闭程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });

    }
}

布局管理器

流式布局(FlowLayout)

package gui.study;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        //设置为流式布局
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));

        //按钮添加上去
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);

        frame.setSize(200,200);

        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

东西南北中局部(BorderLayout)

package gui.study;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button north = new Button("North");
        Button south = new Button("South");
        Button center = new Button("Center");

        frame.setSize(100,100);
        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

表格布局(GridLayout)

package gui.study;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));

        frame.setSize(100,100);
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        //java函数：自动选择最优的布局
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

练习

在这里插入图片描述

package gui.study;

import java.awt.*;

public class ExerTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //总
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(100,100);
        frame.setLocation(50,50);
        frame.setBackground(Color.BLACK);

        //四个面板
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        p1.add(new Button("East-1"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("West-1"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-1"));
        p2.add(new Button("p2-btn-2"));
        //p1面板里面加p2面板
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);


        p3.add(new Button("East-2"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("West-2"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        //中间四个
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("for-"+i));
        }
        //p3面板里面加p4面板
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);

    }
}

事件监听

多个按钮共享一个事件

package gui.study.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionEvent1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮实现同一个监听
        //开始  停止
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button = new Button("start");
        Button button1 = new Button("stop");

        //可以显示定义触发会返回的命令，不显示即走默认的值
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button1.setActionCommand("button1-stop");

        MyMonitor myMonitor = new MyMonitor();
        button.addActionListener(myMonitor);
        button1.addActionListener(myMonitor);

        frame.add(button,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand():获得按钮的信息
        System.out.println("点击按钮:msg=>"+e.getActionCommand());

    }
}

输入框TextField监听

package gui.study.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestTextField {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动
        new MyFrame();
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        //创建并添加文本框
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);

        //监听这个文本框输入的文字
        //按下enter键就触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(new MyActionListener2());

        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');

        setVisible(true);
        pack();
        setBounds(200,300,500,500);
        setResizable(false);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //获得资源,返回一个对象
        //监听了谁就是谁
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框的文本
        field.setText("");//不能设置null
    }
}

练习

简易计算器，组合+内部类
OOP原则：组合大于继承

完全转换为面向对象写法：

package gui.study.lesson2;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

/*
1.构造一个类里面的属性和方法，一次构造组件，
2.然后给组件加上监听器，
3.再布局出来
 */
//简易计算器
public class TextComputer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Computer().loadFrame();
    }
}

//计算器类
class Computer extends Frame{
    //属性
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    //方法
    public void loadFrame(){
        //3个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(20);
        //1个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        //1个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");
        button.addActionListener(new MyComputerListener( this));
        //添加文本框
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
        setBounds(200,300,500,500);
        setResizable(false);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyComputerListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取计算器这个对象,在一个类中组合另外一个类
    Computer computer = null;
    //构建一个有参构造器调用
    public MyComputerListener(Computer computer) {
        this.computer = computer;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //1.获得加数和被加数
        //2.将这个值运算后放到第三个框
        //3.清除前两个框
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(computer.num1.getText());//String类型转换int类型，通过包装类来转换
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(computer.num2.getText());
        computer.num3.setText(" "+(n1+n2));
        computer.num1.setText("");
        computer.num2.setText("");
    }
}

内部类写法：为了更好的包装，内部类的最大好处可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法。

package gui.study.lesson2;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
//简易计算器
public class TextComputer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Computer().loadFrame();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Computer extends Frame{
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadFrame(){
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);
        num3 = new TextField(20);
        Button button = new Button("=");
        Label label = new Label("+");
        //只用重写一个方法就继承
        button.addActionListener(new MyComputerListener());
        //添加文本框
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        //布局
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
        setBounds(200,300,500,500);
        setResizable(false);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
    //监听器类
    //内部类的最大好处可以畅通无阻的访问外部的属性和方法。
   private class MyComputerListener implements ActionListener{
        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            //1.获得加数和被加数
            //2.将这个值运算后放到第三个框
            //3.清除前两个框
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());//String类型转换int类型，通过包装类来转换
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
            num3.setText(" "+(n1+n2));
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

画笔(draw)

package gui.study.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //画笔
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        super.paint(g);
        //画笔，需要有颜色
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        //g.drawOval(100,100,100,100);//画个圆
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);//画实心圆

        g.setColor(Color.blue);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);//画一个实习矩形
        
        //洗画笔
        g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
    }
}

鼠标监听

目的：实现鼠标画画

在这里插入图片描述

1.需要有一个窗

2.单独一个画笔

3.单独做一个适配器

4.想要有联系就做一个缓冲器，鼠标点开存到集合里面，集合先定义

5.把当前鼠标的位置存储到集合，Paint将其读出来

6.需要不断的重画，就用repaint()，也就是所谓的帧。

package gui.study.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame("画图");
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    //画画需要画笔，监听鼠标当前位置需要集合存储点
    ArrayList points;

    public MyFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        //画板
        setBounds(200,200,400,300);

        //存鼠标点击的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        //鼠标监听器，正对这个窗口
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMouseListener());

        setVisible(true);
    }
    //画笔重写方法
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g) {
        //画画监听鼠标的事件
        super.paint(g);
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);//点的颜色
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);//点的形状
        }
    }

    //添加一个点到界面上
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);//丢给集合去遍历
    }
    //内部类
    private class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        //鼠标：按下，弹起，按住不放
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame myFrame = (MyFrame) e.getSource();
            //在点击的时候会在界面上产生一个点,这个点就是鼠标的点
            myFrame.addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
            //每次点击鼠标都需要重新画一次
            myFrame.repaint();
        }
    }
}

窗口监听

package gui.study.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }
}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame(){
        setBackground(Color.BLUE);
        setBounds(100,100,400,400);
        setVisible(true);
        //匿名内部类
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
            //激活窗口(先隐藏再跳出来就激活了）
            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                WindowFrame source = (WindowFrame) e.getSource();
                source.setTitle("快回来，别跑了");
                System.out.println("windowActivated");
            }
        });
    }
}

键盘监听

package gui.study.lesson3;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyKeyFrame("键盘监听");
    }
}
class MyKeyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyKeyFrame(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(1,2,300,400);
        setVisible(true);

        this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                //键盘按下的键是哪个
                super.keyPressed(e);
                int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获取当前键盘的码
                System.out.println(keyCode);
                if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){//直接使用静态属性 VK_xx 
                    System.out.println("你按下上键");
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

Swing

高级点，能画图

窗口、面板

package gui.study.lesson4;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//swing下的框架
public class JFrameDemo extends JFrame{
    //init():初始化
    public void init(){
        this.setVisible(true);//走的子类
        this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);

        //关闭事件，swing下不需要监听事件
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //设置文字
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ko");
        this.add(label);

        //容器实例化:与AWT的区别，需要容器实例化
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //建立一个窗口
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

弹窗(Dialog)

package gui.study.lesson4;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    //构造器
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setBounds(200,200,400,400);
        this.setVisible(true);
        //关闭窗口
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //绝对定位布局
        container.setLayout(null);
        //按钮
        JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");
        button.setBounds(30,30,200,50);//按钮大小

        container.add(button);

        //点击按钮弹出弹窗
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}
//弹窗的窗口
class  MyDialogDemo extends JDialog{//用Dialog的子类不用写那么多方法

    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);
        //this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);

        container.add(new Label("hhhhhhhhh"));
    }
}

package gui.study.lesson4;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标，需要实现类，JFrame继承
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;
    public IconDemo(){//无参构造
        this.setBounds(200,200,400,400);
        this.setVisible(true);
        //关闭窗口
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }
    public IconDemo(int width,int height){
        this.width= width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init(){
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);//图标大小，放在标签上，也可以放在按钮上
        JLabel label = new JLabel("icontest", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x,y,width,height);
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

图片:ImageIcon

package gui.study.lesson4;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

//图片放在标签上
public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {
    public ImageIconDemo() {
        JLabel label = new JLabel("imageicon");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("llyy.jpg");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);//图片居中
        //容器
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.add(label);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

面板(Jpanel)

package gui.study.lesson5;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JpanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JpanelDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面两个参数是间距的意思

        JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
        JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));
        JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,3));
        panel.add(new JButton("w"));
        panel.add(new JButton("s"));
        panel.add(new JButton("e"));
        for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
            panel1.add(new JButton("q"));
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            panel2.add(new JButton("r"));
        }

        container.add(panel);
        container.add(panel1);
        container.add(panel2);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {\
        new JpanelDemo();
    }
}

下滑一页(JScrollPanel)

package gui.study.lesson5;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,3,20,20));

        //文本域
        JTextArea textArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        textArea.setText("小朋友");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(textArea);
        container.add(scrollPane);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100,100,400,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

按钮

package gui.study.lesson5;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        URL url = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("llyy.jpg");
        Icon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);//把图片变成图标

        //把图标放在按钮上
        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(imageIcon);
        button.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        container.add(button);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(200,200,500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

单选按钮(JRadioButton):需要分组(ButtonGroup)

package gui.study.lesson5;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        URL url = JButtonDemo.class.getResource("llyy.jpg");
        Icon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);//把图片变成图标

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("01");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("02");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("03");
        //由于单选框只能选择一个需要分组
        ButtonGroup group = new ButtonGroup();
        group.add(radioButton1);
        group.add(radioButton2);
        group.add(radioButton3);

        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(200,200,500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

多选按钮(JCheckBox)

package gui.study.lesson5;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        //单选框
        JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("01");
        JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("02");

        container.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(200,200,500,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo();
    }
}

列表

下拉框(JComBox)

package gui.study.lessson6;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestCombobox extends JFrame {
    public TestCombobox() {

        Container container = getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();

        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在上映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将下架");

        container.add(status);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,400,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestCombobox();
    }
}

列表框(JList)

package gui.study.lessson6;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Vector;

public class TestCombobox1 extends JFrame {
    public TestCombobox1(String title) {
        super(title);
        Container container = getContentPane();
        //生成列表的内容
        //String[] contents = {"1","2","3"};
        Vector contents = new Vector();
        contents.add("客户1");
        contents.add("客户2");
        contents.add("客户3");
        //列表中需要放入的内容
        JList list = new JList(contents);
        container.add(list);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100,100,400,400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestCombobox1("客户端");
    }
}

文本框

package gui.study.lessson6;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo() {

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField textField = new JTextField("HELLO");
        JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("WORLD",20);

        container.add(textField,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(textField1,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(400,400);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo();
    }
}

密码框(JPasswordField)

文本域(JTextArea)

游戏：贪吃蛇

需要帧、键盘监听、定时器Timer

package gui.study.snack;

import javax.swing.*;

//游戏的主启动页
public class StartGame extends JFrame {
    public StartGame(String title) {
        super(title);
        //正常游戏界面都在面上
        this.add(new GamePanel());

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(10,10,900,720);
        this.setResizable(false);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new StartGame("小小贪吃蛇");
    }
}

package gui.study.snack;
//定义一个数据，初始化，画上去,监听事件（键盘，事件）
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

//游戏的面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
    //定义蛇的身体结构
    int length;//蛇的长度
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];//蛇的x坐标
    int[] snakeY = new int[500];//蛇的y坐标
    String direction;//初始方向
    //食物的坐标
    int foodx;
    int foody;
    Random random = new Random();
    boolean isStart = false; //游戏当前的状态，开始、停止
    boolean isFail = false;//游戏失败状态
    int score;
    int level;
    //定时器：以毫秒为单位 1000ms = 1s
    Timer timer =  new Timer(100,this);//100ms刷新一次这个监听器

    public GamePanel() {
       init();
        //获得焦点和键盘事件
        this.setFocusable(true);//获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);//获得键盘监听事件
        timer.start();//游戏一开始就要启动定时器
    }
    //初始化方法
    public void init(){
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;//脑袋的坐标
        snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;//第一个身体的坐标
        snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;//第二个身体的坐标
        direction = "R";//初始方向向右
        foodx = getFoodx();
        foody = getFoody();
       // foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);//850/25=34：为边界   25是每一个事物的大小
        //foody = 75 +25*random.nextInt(24);//600/25 = 24:为上下边界
        score = 0;
        level = 1;
    }
    public int getFoodx(){
        int x = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
        boolean isFlag = true;
        while (isFlag){
            for (int i = 0; i < snakeX.length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[i] == x){
                    x = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
                }else {
                    isFlag = false;
                }
            }
        }
        return x;
    }
    public int getFoody(){
        int y = 75 +25*random.nextInt(24);
        boolean isFlag = true;
        while (isFlag){
            for (int i = 0; i < snakeY.length; i++) {
                if (snakeY[0] == y){
                    y = 75 +25*random.nextInt(24);
                }else {
                    isFlag = false;
                }
            }
        }
        return y;
    }
    //绘制面板,游戏里的所有东西都是这个画笔来画
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);
        //绘制静态的面板
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this,g,25,11);//广告栏
        g.fillRect(25,75,850,600);//默认的游戏界面

        //画积分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,17));
        g.drawString("长度：" + length,750,30);
        g.drawString("当前积分：" + score,750,55);
        g.drawString("当前等级：" + level,220,30);
        //画食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this,g,foodx,foody);
        //把小蛇画上去
        if (direction.equals("R")){
            Data.right.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右
        }else if (direction.equals("L")){
            Data.left.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右
        }else if (direction.equals("U")){
            Data.up.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右
        }else if (direction.equals("D")){
            Data.down.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[0],snakeY[0]);//蛇头初始化向右
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this,g,snakeX[i],snakeY[i]);
        }
        //游戏状态
        if (!isStart){
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体 粗体40号
            g.drawString("按下空格开始游戏！",300,300);
        }
        if (isFail){
            g.setColor(Color.RED);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,40));//设置字体 粗体40号
            g.drawString("游戏失败，按下空格重新开始！",300,300);
        }
    }
    //键盘监听器
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();//获得键盘按键
        if(keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){//如果按下的是空格键
            if (isFail){
                //重新开始
                isFail = false;
                init();
            }else{
                isStart = !isStart;//取反
            }
            repaint();
        }
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
            if (!direction.equals("D")){//不能回头
                direction = "U";
            }
        }else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN){
            if (!direction.equals("U")){
                direction = "D";
            }
        }else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT){
            if (!direction.equals("L")){
                direction = "R";
            }
        }else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT){
            if (!direction.equals("R")){
                direction = "L";
            }
        }
    }
    //定时器，事件监听:通过固定的时间来刷新 1s=10次
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (isStart && !isFail){//如果游戏开始状态就动小蛇
            //吃事物
            if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody){//与食物重合
                length++;
                score+=10;
                switch (score){
                    case 100:
                        level++;
                        break;
                    case 300:
                        level++;
                        break;
                    case 500:
                        level++;
                        break;
                    case 1000:
                        level++;
                        break;
                    case 2000:
                        level++;
                        break;
                    case 4000:
                        level++;
                        break;
                }
                //再次随机食物
                //foodx = 25 + 25*random.nextInt(34);
                //foody = 75 +25*random.nextInt(24);
                foodx = getFoodx();
                foody = getFoody();
            }
            //移动
            for (int i = length -1; i >0 ; i--) {//走的是上一个身体待过单独位置所以length-1
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];//向前移动一节
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
            }
            //走向
            if (direction.equals("R")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]+25;//一个身体就是25
                if (snakeX[0] > 850){ snakeX[0] = 25;}//边界判断
            }else if (direction.equals("L")){
                snakeX[0] = snakeX[0]-25;
                if (snakeX[0] < 25){ snakeX[0] = 850;}//边界判断
            }else if (direction.equals("U")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
                if (snakeY[0] < 75){ snakeY[0] = 650;}//边界判断
            }else if(direction.equals("D")){
                snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
                if (snakeY[0] > 650){ snakeY[0] = 75;}//边界判断
            }
            //失败判断
            for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]){
                    isFail = true;
                }
            }

            repaint();
        }
        timer.start();//定时器开启
    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
    }
    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }

}

package gui.study.snack;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {

    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
   // public static URL food1URL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food1.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
   // public static ImageIcon food1 = new ImageIcon(food1URL);
}

eY[0] == snakeY[i]){
isFail = true;
}
}

        repaint();
    }
    timer.start();//定时器开启
}

@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

}

}


```java
package gui.study.snack;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

//数据中心
public class Data {

    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/header.png");
    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/body.png");
    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/up.png");
    public static URL downURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/down.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/left.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/right.png");
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food.png");
   // public static URL food1URL = Data.class.getResource("statics/food1.png");
    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(downURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
   // public static ImageIcon food1 = new ImageIcon(food1URL);
}