IOS多线程之——NSThread

NSThread的使用

NSThread 有两种直接创建方式：

- (id)initWithTarget:(id)target selector:(SEL)selector object:(id)argument

+ (void)detachNewThreadSelector:(SEL)aSelector toTarget:(id)aTarget withObject:(id)anArgument

第一个是实例方法，第二个是类方法

1、[NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(doSomething:) toTarget:self withObject:nil];  
2、NSThread* myThread = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self  
                                        selector:@selector(doSomething:)  
                                        object:nil];  
[myThread start]; 

参数的意义:

selector ：线程执行的方法，这个selector只能有一个参数，而且不能有返回值。

target  ：selector消息发送的对象

argument:传输给target的唯一参数，也可以是nil

第一种方式会直接创建线程并且开始运行线程，第二种方式是先创建线程对象，然后再运行线程操作，在运行线程操作前可以设置线程的优先级等线程信息

不显式创建线程的方法：

用NSObject的类方法  performSelectorInBackground:withObject: 创建一个线程：
[Obj performSelectorInBackground:@selector(doSomething) withObject:nil];

下载图片的例子：

初始化图片链接：

#define kURL @"http://avatar.csdn.net/2/C/D/1_totogo2010.jpg" 

初始化UIImageView:

 self.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height)];
    [self.imageView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor redColor]];
    [self.view addSubview:self.imageView];
    
    [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(downloadImage:) toTarget:self withObject:kURL];

更新ui：

-(void)downloadImage:(NSString *) url{
    NSData *data = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url]];
    UIImage *image = [[UIImage alloc]initWithData:data];
    if(image == nil)
    {
        
    }else
    {
        [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(updateUI:) withObject:image waitUntilDone:YES];
    }
}

-(void)updateUI:(UIImage*) image
{
    self.imageView.image = image;
}

线程下载完图片后怎么通知主线程更新界面呢？

[self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(updateUI:) withObject:image waitUntilDone:YES];

performSelectorOnMainThread是NSObject的方法，除了可以更新主线程的数据外，还可以更新其他线程的比如：

用：performSelector:onThread:withObject:waitUntilDone: 

线程同步

我们演示一个经典的卖票的例子来讲NSThread的线程同步：

.h文件：

@interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>
{
    int tickets;
    int count;
    NSThread* ticketsThreadone;
    NSThread* ticketsThreadtwo;
    NSCondition* ticketsCondition;
    NSLock *theLock;
}

.m文件：

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions
{
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]];
    // Override point for customization after application launch.
    
    tickets = 100;
    count = 0;
    theLock = [[NSLock alloc] init];
    // 锁对象
    ticketsCondition = [[NSCondition alloc] init];
    
    
    ticketsThreadone = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
    [ticketsThreadone setName:@"Thread-1"];
    [ticketsThreadone start];
    
    
    ticketsThreadtwo = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
    [ticketsThreadtwo setName:@"Thread-2"];
    [ticketsThreadtwo start];
    
    
    
    
    self.rootViewController = [[RootViewController alloc]init];
    [self.window setRootViewController:self.rootViewController];
    [self.window addSubview:self.rootViewController.view];
    
    
    
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    return YES;
}

- (void)run
{
    while (TRUE)
    {
        // 上锁
        //        [ticketsCondition lock];
        [theLock lock];
        if(tickets >= 0){
            [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.09];
            count = 100 - tickets;
            NSLog(@"当前票数是:%d,售出:%d,线程名:%@",tickets,count,[[NSThread currentThread] name]);
            tickets--;
        }else{
            break;
        }
        [theLock unlock];
        //        [ticketsCondition unlock];
    }  
}

其他同步

我们可以使用指令 @synchronized 来简化 NSLock的使用，这样我们就不必显示编写创建NSLock,加锁并解锁相关代码。
- (void)doSomeThing:(id)anObj
{
    @synchronized(anObj)
    {
        // Everything between the braces is protected by the @synchronized directive.
    }
}
还有其他的一些锁对象，比如：循环锁NSRecursiveLock，条件锁NSConditionLock，分布式锁NSDistributedLock等等,可以自己看官方文档学习

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