Spring bean生命周期

bean生命周期：

  bean创建-----初始化-----销毁的过程

先区别一下Spring Bean的实例化和初始化两个阶段的主要作用：

1、实例化—-实例化的过程是一个创建Bean的过程，即调用Bean的构造函数，单例的Bean放入单例池中

2、初始化—-初始化的过程是一个赋值的过程，即调用Bean的setter，设置Bean的属性

  容器管理Bean的生命周期：

     我们可以自定义初始化和销毁的方法，容器在bean进行到当前生命周期时候来调用我们自定义初始化和销毁方法

  构造（对象创建）：

      单实例：在容启动的时候创建

      多实例： 在每次获取的时候创建

  初始化：

        对象创建完成，并赋值好，调用初始化方法

  销毁：

       单实例：容器关闭的时候

       多实例：容器不会管理这个bean，容器不会调用销毁方法

 

   1）指定初始化和销毁方法：

     指定init-method 和 destory-method

   2） 通过 Bean实现 InitializingBean （初始化） 和 DisposableBean 销毁

   3) 使用JSR250：

      PostConstruct ：在Bean 创建属性赋值，执行初始化方法

      PreDestroy : 在容器销毁bean 之前通知我们进行清理

   4）BeanPostProcessor：bean的后置处理器；bean初始化前后调用

       postProcessBeforeInitialization ：在init-method或afterPropertiesSet Bean创建初始化之前 进行调用。

       postProcessAfterInitialization ：在init-method或afterPropertiesSet Bean创建初始化之后 进行调用。

       

 

1）指定初始化和销毁方法：

     指定init-method 和 destory-method

package com.lm.Spring.config;

import com.lm.Spring.bean.Car;
import com.lm.Spring.bean.Cat;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**
 * describe: bean生命周期
 *
 * bean创建-----初始化-----销毁的过程
 *
 * 容器管理Bean的生命周期：
 * 我们可以自定义初始化和销毁的方法，容器在bean进行到当前生命周期时候来调用我们自定义初始化和销毁方法
 *
 * 构造（对象创建）
 *     单实例：在容启动的时候创建
 *     多实例： 在每次获取的时候创建
 * 初始化：
 *       对象创建完成，并赋值好，调用初始化方法
 *
 * 销毁：
 *      单实例：容器关闭的时候
 *      多实例：容器不会管理这个bean，容器不会调用销毁方法
 *
 *  1）指定初始化和销毁方法：
 *    指定init-method 和 destory-method
 *  2） 通过 Bean实现 InitializingBean （初始化） 和 DisposableBean 销毁
 *
 * @author lm
 * @date 2018/10/25
 */
@ComponentScan("com.lm.Spring.bean")
@Configuration
public class MyConfigOfLiteCycle {

    @Bean(initMethod = "init",destroyMethod = "destory")
    public Car car(){
        return new Car();
    }
}

  2） 通过 Bean实现 InitializingBean （初始化） 和 DisposableBean 销毁

  InitializingBean 当BeanFactory创建对象，并且属性赋值完调用afterPropertiesSet（）方法

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2016 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.beans.factory;

/**
 * Interface to be implemented by beans that need to react once all their
 * properties have been set by a BeanFactory: for example, to perform custom
 * initialization, or merely to check that all mandatory properties have been set.
 *
 * <p>An alternative to implementing InitializingBean is specifying a custom
 * init-method, for example in an XML bean definition.
 * For a list of all bean lifecycle methods, see the
 * {@link BeanFactory BeanFactory javadocs}.
 *
 * @author Rod Johnson
 * @see BeanNameAware
 * @see BeanFactoryAware
 * @see BeanFactory
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition#getInitMethodName
 * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware
 */
public interface InitializingBean {

	/**
	 * Invoked by a BeanFactory after it has set all bean properties supplied
	 * (and satisfied BeanFactoryAware and ApplicationContextAware).
	 * <p>This method allows the bean instance to perform initialization only
	 * possible when all bean properties have been set and to throw an
	 * exception in the event of misconfiguration.
	 * @throws Exception in the event of misconfiguration (such
	 * as failure to set an essential property) or if initialization fails.
	 */
	void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception;

}

  DisposableBean：BeanFactory 销毁的时候把单实例Bean 销毁

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2016 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.beans.factory;

/**
 * Interface to be implemented by beans that want to release resources
 * on destruction. A BeanFactory is supposed to invoke the destroy
 * method if it disposes a cached singleton. An application context
 * is supposed to dispose all of its singletons on close.
 *
 * <p>An alternative to implementing DisposableBean is specifying a custom
 * destroy-method, for example in an XML bean definition.
 * For a list of all bean lifecycle methods, see the
 * {@link BeanFactory BeanFactory javadocs}.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @since 12.08.2003
 * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition#getDestroyMethodName
 * @see org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext#close
 */
public interface DisposableBean {

	/**
	 * Invoked by a BeanFactory on destruction of a singleton.
	 * @throws Exception in case of shutdown errors.
	 * Exceptions will get logged but not rethrown to allow
	 * other beans to release their resources too.
	 */
	void destroy() throws Exception;

}

package com.lm.Spring.bean;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * describe:
 *
 * @author lm
 * @date 2018/10/25
 */
@Component
public class Cat implements InitializingBean,DisposableBean {

    public Cat() {
        System.out.println("Cat.constructor");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {

        System.out.println("Cat.destroy");
    }

    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {

        System.out.println("Cat.afterPropertiesSet");
    }
}

   3) 使用JSR250：

      PostConstruct ：在Bean 创建属性赋值，执行初始化方法

      PreDestroy : 在容器销毁bean 之前通知我们进行清理

@Documented
@Retention (RUNTIME)
@Target(METHOD)
public @interface PostConstruct {
}

package com.lm.Spring.bean;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;

/**
 * describe:
 *
 * @author lm
 * @date 2018/10/25
 */
public class Car {

    public Car() {
        System.out.println("Car.constructor");
    }

    @PostConstruct
    public void init(){
        System.out.println("Car.init");
    }

    @PreDestroy
    public void destory(){
        System.out.println("Car.destory");
    }
}

 4）BeanPostProcessor：bean的后置处理器；bean初始化前后调用

       postProcessBeforeInitialization ：在init-method或afterPropertiesSet Bean创建初始化之前 进行调用。

       postProcessAfterInitialization ：在init-method或afterPropertiesSet Bean创建初始化之后 进行调用。

 

package com.lm.Spring.bean;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * describe: 后置处理器
 *
 * @author lm
 * @date 2019/2/24
 */
@Component
public class MyBeanPostProcess implements BeanPostProcessor {


    @Override
    public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("MyBeanPostProcess.postProcessBeforeInitialization"+" beanName："+beanName);
        return bean;
    }

    @Override
    public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
        System.out.println("MyBeanPostProcess.postProcessAfterInitialization"+" beanName："+beanName);
        return bean;
    }
}

Bean 生命周期原理：

 遍历得到容器中所有的BeanPostProcessor;挨个执行beforeInitialization,一但返回null，跳出for循环，不会执行后面的BeanPostProcessor.postProcessors

populateBean(beanName,mbd,instanceWrapp);给bean进行属性赋值

initializeBean

{

applyBeanPostProcessorBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean,beanName)

invokeInitMethods(beanName,wrappedBean,mbd)执行自定义初始化

applyBeanPostProcessorAfterInitialization(wrappedBean,beanName)

}

 

Spring 底层 对BeanPostProcessor 的使用：

   ApplicationContextAware  获取IOC 容器接口 ，AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor 注解接口，@Async

package com.lm.Spring.bean;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;

/**
 * describe:
 *
 * @author lm
 * @date 2018/10/24
 */
public class Blue implements ApplicationContextAware {

    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @SuppressWarnings("static-access")
    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

  
}

 

/*
 * Copyright 2002-2017 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.context.support;

import java.security.AccessControlContext;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.Aware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.EmbeddedValueResolver;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.EmbeddedValueResolverAware;
import org.springframework.context.EnvironmentAware;
import org.springframework.context.MessageSourceAware;
import org.springframework.context.ResourceLoaderAware;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;
import org.springframework.util.StringValueResolver;

/**
 * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor}
 * implementation that passes the ApplicationContext to beans that
 * implement the {@link EnvironmentAware}, {@link EmbeddedValueResolverAware},
 * {@link ResourceLoaderAware}, {@link ApplicationEventPublisherAware},
 * {@link MessageSourceAware} and/or {@link ApplicationContextAware} interfaces.
 *
 * <p>Implemented interfaces are satisfied in order of their mention above.
 *
 * <p>Application contexts will automatically register this with their
 * underlying bean factory. Applications do not use this directly.
 *
 * @author Juergen Hoeller
 * @author Costin Leau
 * @author Chris Beams
 * @since 10.10.2003
 * @see org.springframework.context.EnvironmentAware
 * @see org.springframework.context.EmbeddedValueResolverAware
 * @see org.springframework.context.ResourceLoaderAware
 * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware
 * @see org.springframework.context.MessageSourceAware
 * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware
 * @see org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#refresh()
 */
class ApplicationContextAwareProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {

	private final ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext;

	private final StringValueResolver embeddedValueResolver;


	/**
	 * Create a new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor for the given context.
	 */
	public ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
		this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
		this.embeddedValueResolver = new EmbeddedValueResolver(applicationContext.getBeanFactory());
	}


	@Override
	@Nullable
	public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(final Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		AccessControlContext acc = null;

		if (System.getSecurityManager() != null &&
				(bean instanceof EnvironmentAware || bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware ||
						bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware || bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware ||
						bean instanceof MessageSourceAware || bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware)) {
			acc = this.applicationContext.getBeanFactory().getAccessControlContext();
		}

		if (acc != null) {
			AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
				invokeAwareInterfaces(bean);
				return null;
			}, acc);
		}
		else {
			invokeAwareInterfaces(bean);
		}

		return bean;
	}

	private void invokeAwareInterfaces(Object bean) {
		if (bean instanceof Aware) {
			if (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware) {
				((EnvironmentAware) bean).setEnvironment(this.applicationContext.getEnvironment());
			}
			if (bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) {
				((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) bean).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver);
			}
			if (bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware) {
				((ResourceLoaderAware) bean).setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext);
			}
			if (bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware) {
				((ApplicationEventPublisherAware) bean).setApplicationEventPublisher(this.applicationContext);
			}
			if (bean instanceof MessageSourceAware) {
				((MessageSourceAware) bean).setMessageSource(this.applicationContext);
			}
			if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {
				((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
			}
		}
	}

	@Override
	public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) {
		return bean;
	}

}