【数据库】SQLserver运行问题排查五步法

1、查看连接对象 

USE master
GO
--如果要指定数据库就把注释去掉
SELECT * FROM sys.[sysprocesses] WHERE [spid]>50 --AND DB_NAME([dbid])='mydb'

2、然后使用下面语句看一下各项指标是否正常，是否有阻塞，正常情况下搜索结果应该为空。

SELECT TOP 10

[session_id],

[request_id],

[start_time] AS '开始时间',

[status] AS '状态',

[command] AS '命令',

dest.[text] AS 'sql语句',

DB_NAME([database_id]) AS '数据库名',

[blocking_session_id] AS '正在阻塞其他会话的会话ID',

[wait_type] AS '等待资源类型',

[wait_time] AS '等待时间',

[wait_resource] AS '等待的资源',

[reads] AS '物理读次数',

[writes] AS '写次数',

[logical_reads] AS '逻辑读次数',

[row_count] AS '返回结果行数'

FROM sys.[dm_exec_requests] AS der

CROSS APPLY

sys.[dm_exec_sql_text](der.[sql_handle]) AS dest

WHERE [session_id]>50 AND DB_NAME(der.[database_id])='mydb'

ORDER BY [cpu_time] DESC

查看是哪些SQL语句占用较大可以使用下面代码

SELECT TOP 10

dest.[text] AS 'sql语句'

FROM sys.[dm_exec_requests] AS der

CROSS APPLY

sys.[dm_exec_sql_text](der.[sql_handle]) AS dest

WHERE [session_id]>50

ORDER BY [cpu_time] DESC

3、如果SQLSERVER存在要等待的资源，那么执行下面语句就会显示出会话中有多少个worker在等待

SELECT TOP 10

 [session_id],

 [request_id],

 [start_time] AS '开始时间',

 [status] AS '状态',

 [command] AS '命令',

 dest.[text] AS 'sql语句',

 DB_NAME([database_id]) AS '数据库名',

 [blocking_session_id] AS '正在阻塞其他会话的会话ID',

 der.[wait_type] AS '等待资源类型',

 [wait_time] AS '等待时间',

 [wait_resource] AS '等待的资源',

 [dows].[waiting_tasks_count] AS '当前正在进行等待的任务数',

 [reads] AS '物理读次数',

 [writes] AS '写次数',

 [logical_reads] AS '逻辑读次数',

 [row_count] AS '返回结果行数'

 FROM sys.[dm_exec_requests] AS der

 INNER JOIN [sys].[dm_os_wait_stats] AS dows

 ON der.[wait_type]=[dows].[wait_type]

 CROSS APPLY

 sys.[dm_exec_sql_text](der.[sql_handle]) AS dest

 WHERE [session_id]>50

 ORDER BY [cpu_time] DESC

4、查询CPU占用最高的SQL语句

SELECT TOP 10

   total_worker_time/execution_count AS avg_cpu_cost, plan_handle,

   execution_count,

   (SELECT SUBSTRING(text, statement_start_offset/2 + 1,

      (CASE WHEN statement_end_offset = -1

         THEN LEN(CONVERT(nvarchar(max), text)) * 2

         ELSE statement_end_offset

      END - statement_start_offset)/2)

   FROM sys.dm_exec_sql_text(sql_handle)) AS query_text

FROM sys.dm_exec_query_stats

ORDER BY [avg_cpu_cost] DESC

5、索引缺失查询

SELECT

    DatabaseName = DB_NAME(database_id)

    ,[Number Indexes Missing] = count(*)

FROM sys.dm_db_missing_index_details

GROUP BY DB_NAME(database_id)

ORDER BY 2 DESC;


SELECT  TOP 10

        [Total Cost]  = ROUND(avg_total_user_cost * avg_user_impact * (user_seeks + user_scans),0)

        , avg_user_impact

        , TableName = statement

        , [EqualityUsage] = equality_columns
   , [InequalityUsage] = inequality_columns

        , [Include Cloumns] = included_columns

FROM        sys.dm_db_missing_index_groups g

INNER JOIN    sys.dm_db_missing_index_group_stats s

       ON s.group_handle = g.index_group_handle

INNER JOIN    sys.dm_db_missing_index_details d

       ON d.index_handle = g.index_handle

ORDER BY [Total Cost] DESC;

参数解释

index_handle：它是一个独特的跨服务器标识符，并且标志一个特定的缺失索引。
equality_columns：包含用于相等谓词的所有列
inequality_columns:包含用于其他比较的所有列
included columns索引中所包含的查询必要出现列
statement: 补充完整索引缺失的表名