map没有对应的键查找

map如果没有对应的键，会返回对应的默认的（如果有默认值）

#include <iostream> 	/*std::cout*/
#include <map>
class Test{
public:
	void fun(){
		std::cout << "intMap:[" << intMap[8] << "]" << std::endl;
		std::cout << "floatMap:[" << floatMap[8] << "]" << std::endl;
		std::cout << "doubleMap:[" << doubleMap[8] << "]" << std::endl;
		std::cout << "charMap:[" << charMap[8] << "]" << std::endl;
		std::cout << "stringMap:[" << stringMap[8] << "]" << std::endl;
	}
private:
	//std::map<int, A> mapTest;	
	std::map<int, int> intMap;
	std::map<int, float> floatMap;
	std::map<int, double> doubleMap;
	std::map<int, char> charMap;
	std::map<int, std::string> stringMap;	
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	Test test;
	test.fun();
	return 0;
}

很明显我没有向map中插入键为8的键值对，但是对map的查找竟然没有报错，而是返回了默认的值

如果没有默认值呢？看看这个例子

#include <iostream> 	/*std::cout*/
#include <map>
class A{
public:
	A(int a) : a_(a){
	}
	int show(){
		return a_;
	}
private:
	int a_;
};
class Test{
public:
	void fun(){
		std::cout << "mapTest:[" << mapTest[8].show() << "]" << std::endl;
	}
private:
	std::map<int, A> mapTest;	
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	Test test;
	test.fun();
	return 0;
}

报告的错误是：

稍微修改下就ok了

#include <iostream> 	/*std::cout*/
#include <map>
class A{
public:
	A(int a = 0) : a_(a){ //设置默认值
	}
	int show(){
		return a_;
	}
private:
	int a_;
};
class Test{
public:
	void fun(){
		std::cout << "mapTest:[" << mapTest[8].show() << "]" << std::endl;
	}
private:
	std::map<int, A> mapTest;	
};
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
	Test test;
	test.fun();
	return 0;
}