SpringCloud入门（一）

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-05 15:37:17 发布

李奈 - Leemon

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-05 15:37:17 发布

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分类专栏：微服务文章标签： spring boot java 分布式 rest maven

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lmchhh/article/details/104594564

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这里的SpringCloud入门是根据阿里开发者学堂的课程来进行的，学习路径为微服务框架Spring Cloud快速入门

一，创建父工程

创建父工程servicecloud，主要pom.xml文件如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.lmc</groupId>

  <artifactId>servicecloud</artifactId>

  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <packaging>pom</packaging>

  <properties>

   <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

   <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>

   <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>

   <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>

   <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>

   <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>

  </properties>

  <dependencyManagement>

   <dependencies>

     <dependency>

       <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

       <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>

       <version>Dalston.SR1</version>

       <type>pom</type>

       <scope>import</scope>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

       <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>

       <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>

       <type>pom</type>

       <scope>import</scope>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

       <groupId>mysql</groupId>

       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>

       <version>5.0.4</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

       <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>

       <artifactId>druid</artifactId>

       <version>1.0.31</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

       <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>

       <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>

       <version>1.3.0</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

       <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

       <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>

       <version>1.2.3</version>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

       <groupId>junit</groupId>

       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

       <version>${junit.version}</version>

       <scope>test</scope>

     </dependency>

     <dependency>

       <groupId>log4j</groupId>

       <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>

       <version>${log4j.version}</version>

     </dependency>

   </dependencies>

  </dependencyManagement>

</project>

二，创建公共子模块

2.1 pom.xml

右键servicecloud项目，选择【new】，创建新的Maven module公共子模块，在pom.xml文件中加入所需依赖：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
  	<!-- 子类里面显示声明才能有明确的继承表现，无意外就是父类的默认版本否则自己定义 -->
    <groupId>com.lmc</groupId>
    <artifactId>servicecloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>servicecloud-api</artifactId>
  
  <!-- 当前Module需要用到的jar包，按自己需求添加，如果父类已经包含了，可以不用写版本号 -->
  <dependencies>
 
	  <dependency>
	     <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
	     <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
	   </dependency>

  </dependencies>
</project>

2.2 Bean

创建部门实体类：

package com.lmc.springcloud.entities;

import java.io.Serializable;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import lombok.experimental.Accessors;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@NoArgsConstructor
@Data
@Accessors(chain=true)
public class Dept implements Serializable //必须序列化

{

  private Long  deptno;   //主键
  private String  dname;   //部门名称
  private String  db_source;//来自哪个数据库，因为微服务架构可以一个服务对应一个数据库，同一个信息被存储到不同数据库  

  public Dept(String dname)

  {

   super();

   this.dname = dname;

  }

}

2.3 部署

右键servicecloud-api，选择【run as】的【Maven clean】，再选择【Maven install】，就已经完成公共模块的部署。

三，创建服务提供者

3.1 pom.xml

右键servicecloud项目，选择【new】，创建新的Maven module服务提供者，在pom.xml文件中加入所需依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.lmc</groupId>
    <artifactId>servicecloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>servicecloud-provider-dept-8001</artifactId>
  <dependencies>

	<!-- 引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Dept部门Entity -->
   <dependency>
     <groupId>com.lmc</groupId>
     <artifactId>servicecloud-api</artifactId>
     <version>${project.version}</version>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>junit</groupId>
     <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>mysql</groupId>
     <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
     <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
     <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <!-- 修改后立即生效，热部署 -->

   <!-- <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
   </dependency> -->

   <!-- <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
   </dependency> -->
   
   

  </dependencies>
</project>

3.2 application.yml

创建application.yml

server:
  port: 8001
  
mybatis:
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis.cfg.xml        # mybatis配置文件所在路径
  type-aliases-package: com.lmc.springcloud.entities    # 所有Entity别名类所在包
  mapper-locations: classpath*:mybatis/mapper/**/*.xml     # mapper映射文件
    
spring:
    application:
    name: servicecloud-dept 
    datasource:
       type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource            # 当前数据源操作类型
       driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver              # mysql驱动包
       url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/clouddb01              # 数据库名称
       username: root
       password: root
    dbcp2:
      min-idle: 5                                           # 数据库连接池的最小维持连接数
      initial-size: 5                                       # 初始化连接数
      max-total: 5                                          # 最大连接数
      max-wait-millis: 200                                  # 等待连接获取的最大超时时间

3.3 mybatis.cfg.xml

在工程src/main/resources目录下新建mybatis文件夹后新建mybatis.cfg.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> 

<configuration>

  <settings>
   <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/><!-- 二级缓存开启 -->
  </settings>

</configuration>

3.4 数据库脚本

构建数据库脚本

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS cloudDB01;
CREATE DATABASE cloudDB01 CHARACTER SET UTF8;
USE cloudDB01;
CREATE TABLE dept
(
  deptno BIGINT NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
  dname VARCHAR(60),
  db_source   VARCHAR(60)
);
 
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('开发部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('人事部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('财务部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('市场部',DATABASE());
INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES('运维部',DATABASE());
 
SELECT * FROM dept;

3.5 Dao接口和Mapper.xml

创建部门DeptDao接口

package com.lmc.springcloud.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

import com.lmc.springcloud.entities.Dept;

@Mapper
public interface DeptDao {
	
	public boolean addDept(Dept dept);
	
	public Dept findById(Long id);
	
	public List<Dept> findAll();

}

在工程src/main/resources/mybatis目录下新建mapper文件夹后再建DeptMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> 

<mapper namespace="com.lmc.springcloud.dao.DeptDao"> 

  <select id="findById" resultType="Dept" parameterType="Long">
   select deptno,dname,db_source from dept where deptno=#{deptno}; 
  </select>

  <select id="findAll" resultType="Dept">
   select deptno,dname,db_source from dept; 
  </select>

  <insert id="addDept" parameterType="Dept">
   INSERT INTO dept(dname,db_source) VALUES(#{dname},DATABASE());
  </insert>  

</mapper>

3.6 Service接口和实现类

创建Dept服务接口DeptService和实现类

DeptService接口：

package com.lmc.springcloud.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.lmc.springcloud.entities.Dept;

public interface DeptService {
	
	public boolean add(Dept dept);

	public Dept get(Long id);

	public List<Dept> list();

}

DeptServiceImpl实现类：

package com.lmc.springcloud.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.lmc.springcloud.dao.DeptDao;
import com.lmc.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import com.lmc.springcloud.service.DeptService;

@Service("deptService")
public class DeptServiceImpl implements DeptService {

	@Autowired
	private DeptDao deptDao;
	
	@Override
	public boolean add(Dept dept) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return deptDao.addDept(dept);
	}

	@Override
	public Dept get(Long id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return deptDao.findById(id);
	}

	@Override
	public List<Dept> list() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return deptDao.findAll();
	}

}

3.7 Controller

创建DeptController

package com.lmc.springcloud.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.lmc.springcloud.entities.Dept;
import com.lmc.springcloud.service.DeptService;

@RestController
public class DeptController {
	
	  @Autowired
	  private DeptService service;
	  
	  @RequestMapping(value="/dept/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	  public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept){
	   return service.add(dept);
	  }
	  
	  @RequestMapping(value="/dept/get/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	  public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
	   return service.get(id);
	  }	  

	  @RequestMapping(value="/dept/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
	  public List<Dept> list(){
	   return service.list();
	  }

}

3.8 启动类

创建启动类DeptProvider8001_App

package com.lmc.springcloud;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;


@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan("com.lmc.springcloud.*")
@MapperScan("com.lmc.springcloud.dao")
public class DeptProvider8001_App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(DeptProvider8001_App.class, args);

	}

}

3.9 测试

http://localhost:8001/dept/list

http://localhost:8001/dept/get/2

四，创建服务消费者

4.1 pom.xml

右键servicecloud项目，选择【new】，创建新的Maven module服务消费者，在pom.xml文件中加入所需依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <parent>
    <groupId>com.lmc</groupId>
    <artifactId>servicecloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  </parent>
  <artifactId>servicecloud-consumer-dept-80</artifactId>
  <description>部门微服务消费者</description>

  <dependencies>

   <dependency> 
   <!-- 自己定义的api -->
     <groupId>com.lmc</groupId>
     <artifactId>servicecloud-api</artifactId>
     <version>${project.version}</version>
   </dependency> 

   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <!-- 修改后立即生效，热部署 -->
   <!-- <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
     <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId>
   </dependency>

   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
   </dependency>    -->

  </dependencies>
</project>

4.2 application.yml

创建application.yml：

server:
   port: 80

4.3 配置类

创建包com.lmc.springcloud.cfgbeans，在包下创建配置类ConfigBean

package com.lmc.springcloud.cfgbeans;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ConfigBean {
	
	@Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate()
    {
         return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

关于RestTemplate：

RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法，是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类，是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集。

4.4 Controller

创建部门服务消费者DeptController_Comsumer：

package com.lmc.springcloud.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.lmc.springcloud.entities.Dept;

@RestController
public class DeptController_Comsumer {
	
	private static final String REST_URL_PREFIX = "http://localhost:8001";
	
	@Autowired
	private RestTemplate restTemplate;
	
	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/add")
	public boolean add(@RequestBody Dept dept){
	   return restTemplate.postForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/add", dept, Boolean.class);
	}
	  
	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/get/{id}")
	public Dept get(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
	   return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/get/" + id, Dept.class);
	}	  

	@RequestMapping(value="/consumer/dept/list")
	public List<Dept> list(){
	   return restTemplate.getForObject(REST_URL_PREFIX + "/dept/list/", List.class);
	}

}

注意：

(url, requestMap, ResponseBean.class)这三个参数分别代表 REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。

4.5 启动类

创建启动类DeptController_Comsumer：

package com.lmc.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DeptConsumer80_App {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		SpringApplication.run(DeptConsumer80_App.class, args);

	}

}

4.6 测试

http://localhost/consumer/dept/get/2

http://localhost/consumer/dept/list

李奈 - Leemon

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SpringCloud入门（一）

这里的SpringCloud入门是根据阿里开发者学堂的课程来进行的，学习路径为微服务框架Spring Cloud快速入门一，创建父工程创建父工程servicecloud，主要pom.xml文件如下：<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-...
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