Spring AI + 通义千问 入门学习

Spring AI + 通义千问 入门学习

最近AI很火，而Spring也出了Spring AI，可以让开发者更容易对接各种大模型。在使用Spring AI之前，我的jdk还是保持8这一久远版本，因此趁此机会也是顺便切换到jdk21，然后也顺便将Spring的各个组件进行升级。

一，开发环境配置

组件	版本
jdk	21
Spring Framework	6.1.11
Spring Boot	3.3.2
Spring Cloud	2023.0.3
Nacos	2.4
Spring Security	6.3.1
Spring AI	1.0.0
spring.ai.alibaba	2023.0.1.0

Maven中pom文件的相关配置如下所示：

	<properties>
        <java.version>21</java.version>
        <spring.boot.version>3.3.2</spring.boot.version>
        <spring.cloud.version>2023.0.3</spring.cloud.version>
        <spring.cloud.gateway.version>4.1.5</spring.cloud.gateway.version>
        <spring.cloud.nacas.version>2023.0.1.2</spring.cloud.nacas.version>
        <spring.cloud.bootstrap.version>4.0.0</spring.cloud.bootstrap.version>
        <spring.cloud.starter.loadbalancer.version>4.1.4</spring.cloud.starter.loadbalancer.version>

        <spring.ai.version>1.0.2</spring.ai.version>
        <spring.ai.openai.verision>1.0.0</spring.ai.openai.verision>
        <spring.ai.ollama.verision>1.0.0</spring.ai.ollama.verision>
        <spring.ai.alibaba.verision>2023.0.1.0</spring.ai.alibaba.verision>

        <lombok.version>1.18.34</lombok.version>
    </properties>

二，项目搭建

2.1 pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.lmc</groupId>
        <artifactId>lmc-base-demo</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.lmc</groupId>
    <artifactId>lmc-hello-ai</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>21</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>21</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba.cloud/spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-bootstrap</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <!--排除tomcat依赖 -->
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring WebFlux -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webflux</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 如果使用Maven -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-ai</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!--两种国外的LLM大模型-->
        <!--        <dependency>-->
        <!--            <groupId>io.springboot.ai</groupId>-->
        <!--            <artifactId>spring-ai-openai-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>-->
        <!--        </dependency>-->

        <!--        <dependency>-->
        <!--            <groupId>io.springboot.ai</groupId>-->
        <!--            <artifactId>spring-ai-ollama-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>-->
        <!--        </dependency>-->

    </dependencies>

</project>

启动类没有需要做特殊配置，这里不做展示

2.2 配置文件

配置文件主要配置nacos和通义千问的api-key，如下所示：

server:
  port: 50010
  servlet:
    context-path: /hello-ai

spring:
  application:
    name: lmc-hello-ai
  profiles:
    active: dev
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
      discovery:
        namespace: ${your-namespace}
        group: ${spring.profiles.active}
      config:
        namespace: ${your-namespace}
        group: ${spring.profiles.active}
        prefix: ${spring.application.name}
        file-extension: yaml
        import-check:
          enabled: false
    ai:
      tongyi:
        api-key: ${your-tyqw-api-key}
  main:
    allow-bean-definition-overriding: true

三，AI使用

3.1 对话问答

3.1.1 普通方式

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/chat")
@Slf4j
public class ChatController {

    @Resource
    private ChatClient chatClient;

    /**
     * 简单调用接口example 对话问答
     * @param message
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/example")
    public String example(@RequestParam("message") String message) {
        Prompt prompt = new Prompt(new UserMessage(message));
        return chatClient.call(prompt).getResult().getOutput().getContent();
    }


}

启动后，只要调用接口：localhost:50010/hello-ai/chat/example?message=如何学习Java

就能得到通义千问对该问题的回答。

3.1.2 流方式

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/chat")
@Slf4j
public class ChatController {

    @Resource
    private StreamingChatClient streamingChatClient;

    /**
     * 流式响应 对话问答
     * @param message
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/stream", produces = MediaType.TEXT_EVENT_STREAM_VALUE)
    public Flux<String> stream(@RequestParam(value = "message", defaultValue = "1+1=?") String message) {

        return streamingChatClient.stream(message);
    }


}

3.2 文字生成图片

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/image")
@Slf4j
public class ImageController {

    /**
     * 文本生成图片Client
     */
    @Resource
    private TongYiImagesClient imagesClient;

    @RequestMapping("/create")
    public String image(String message) {
        // 封装信息
        ImageMessage imageMessage = new ImageMessage(message);
        // 创建Prompt
        ImagePrompt imagePrompt = new ImagePrompt(Collections.singletonList(imageMessage));
        // 调用文本生成图片Client
        Image output = imagesClient.call(imagePrompt).getResult().getOutput();
        // 生成图片URL
        return output.getUrl();
    }


}