设计模式之装饰者模式（一）

1.对装饰者模式的理解

装饰者模式就像是一个被打包的快递，一般有一个超类，其下分为主体和装饰者（decorator）,装饰者不能独立实例化，例如咖啡店的调味品（牛奶，巧克力等）不能独立咖啡出售，实例化时必须要传入一个被包裹好的对象。

2.用装饰者模式实现咖啡馆的代码实例

 a.首先是一个抽象超类Drink

<span style="font-size:18px;">public abstract class Drink {
	public String description="";
	private float price=0f;;
	
	
	public void setDescription(String description)
	{
		this.description=description;
	}
	
	public String getDescription()
	{
		return description+"-"+this.getPrice();
	}
	public float getPrice()
	{
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(float price)
	{
		this.price=price;
	}
	public abstract float cost();
	
}</span>

b.Coffee的主体父类

<span style="font-size:18px;">public  class Coffee extends Drink {

	@Override
	public float cost() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.getPrice();
	}

	
}</span>

Coffee下的每一种具体咖啡品种进行Price与Description的设置

1.Decaf

public class Decaf extends Coffee {
	public Decaf()
	{
		super.setDescription("Decaf");
		super.setPrice(3.0f);
	}
}

2.LongBlack

public class LongBlack extends Coffee{
	
	public LongBlack()
	{
		super.setDescription("LongBlack");
		super.setPrice(6.0f);
	}

}

c.装饰者（decorator）的实现代码（此时为具体的调味品）

Decorator为装饰者的主体父类

public  class Decorator extends Drink {
	private Drink Obj;

	public Decorator(Drink Obj){
		this.Obj=Obj;
	};
	
	
	@Override
	public float cost() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
		return super.getPrice()+Obj.cost();
	}

	@Override
	public String getDescription()
	{
		return super.description+"-"+super.getPrice()+"&&"+Obj.getDescription();
	}
	
	}

1.Chocolate 传入一个Drink对象

public class Chocolate extends Decorator {

	public Chocolate(Drink Obj) {		
		super(Obj);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		super.setDescription("Chocolate");
		super.setPrice(3.0f);
	}

}

2.Milk  传入一个Drink对象

public class Milk extends Decorator {

	public Milk(Drink Obj) {		
		super(Obj);
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		super.setDescription("Milk");
		super.setPrice(2.0f);
	}

}

运行代码

public class CoffeeBar {


	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		Drink order;
		order=new Decaf();
		System.out.println("order1 price:"+order.cost());
		System.out.println("order1 desc:"+order.getDescription());
		
		System.out.println("****************");
		order=new LongBlack();
		order=new Milk(order);
		order=new Chocolate(order);
		order=new Chocolate(order);
		System.out.println("order2 price:"+order.cost());
		System.out.println("order2 desc:"+order.getDescription());
		
	}