静态路由模拟实验

1.2.首先从第一个问题和第二个问题来看

先对网段进行划分并给R1-R4各配置两个环回地址，如下图：

首先面对多台路由器的配置，最好给每台路由器改个名，避免混淆

[Huawei]sys r1

[Huawei]sys r2

[Huawei]sys r3

[Huawei]sys r4

[Huawei]sys r5

然后对每台路由器接口进行配置并各配置两个环回地址

[r1]int g0/0/0

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.17 28

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 28

[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface LoopBack 0

[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.97 28

[r1-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1

[r1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.113 28

[r2]int g0/0/0

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 28

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.33 28

[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface LoopBack 0

[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28

[r2-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1

[r2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28

[r3]int g0/0/0

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 28

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28

[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface LoopBack 0

[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.161 28

[r3-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1

[r3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.177 28

[r4]int g0/0/0

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.50 28

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.34 28

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.65 28

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]interface LoopBack 0

[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.193 28

[r4-LoopBack0]interface LoopBack 1

[r4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.209 28

[r5]int g0/0/0

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.66 28

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.82 28

[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface LoopBack 0

[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 24

3.本质上就是在R1-R4上配置缺省路由

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2

[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.34

[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.50

[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.66

4.要让路由器间能够全网通，可以给每个路由器配置静态路由。要减少路由器，路由表条目数量，就可以对环回地址进行子网汇总。

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.18

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.18

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.18

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.18

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.192 27 192.168.1.2

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.192 27 192.168.1.18

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 28 192.168.1.17

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.48 28 192.168.1.34

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.34

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.34

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.17

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.34

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.192 27 192.168.1.34

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 28 192.168.1.1

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 28 192.168.1.50

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 28 192.168.1.50

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.50

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.1

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.50

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.192 27 192.168.1.50

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 28 192.168.1.33

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 28 192.168.1.49

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.33

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.49

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.33

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 192.168.1.49

因为路由黑洞遇上缺省路由会出现路由环路，所以为了避免环路出现，我们可以配置路由空接口来达到破环的目的

[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 NULL 0

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.192 27 NULL 0

然后可以对全网通进行测试

[r1]ping 192.168.1.209

[r4]ping 5.5.5.5

5.其本质就是浮动静态路由

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.80 28 192.168.1.82 preference 61

可以通过关闭r4 0/0/2接口来测试r4r5是否互通

最后保存一下

[r1]save

[r2]save

[r3]save

[r4]save

[r5]save