Java流编程实例之八--摘要流

9. 摘要流

摘要流在对一组信息进行输入输出操作的同时，将摘要信息记录下来，最后通过getMessageDigest().digest()方法得到摘要信息的byte数组。
摘要流示例代码：对字符串进行摘要和对文件进行摘要。

import java.io.*;
import java.security.DigestOutputStream;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;

public class DigestStreamExam {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String str = "Today is a good day. 今天是个好天气。";
        digestString(str);
        File file = new File("d:\\a.txt");
        digestFile(file);
    }

    private static void digestFile(File file) {
        try {
            MessageDigest sha = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA");
            ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            DigestOutputStream digestOutputStream = new DigestOutputStream(byteArrayOutputStream, sha);

            FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            int len = 0;
            while ((len = fis.read(buf)) != -1) {
                digestOutputStream.write(buf, 0, len);
            }
            digestOutputStream.flush();
            digestOutputStream.close();
            byte[] result = digestOutputStream.getMessageDigest().digest();
            for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                System.out.print(byteToHexString(result[i]));
            }
            System.out.println();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void digestString(String str) {
        try {
            MessageDigest sha = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA");
            ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            DigestOutputStream digestOutputStream = new DigestOutputStream(byteArrayOutputStream, sha);

            byte[] bytes = str.getBytes();
            ByteArrayInputStream byteArrayInputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);

            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            int len = 0;
            while ((len = byteArrayInputStream.read(buf)) != -1) {
                digestOutputStream.write(buf, 0, len);
            }
            digestOutputStream.flush();
            digestOutputStream.close();
            byte[] result = digestOutputStream.getMessageDigest().digest();
            for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
                System.out.print(byteToHexString(result[i]));
            }
            System.out.println();
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static String byteToHexString(byte b) {
        String s = Integer.toHexString(b);
        int len = s.length();
        if (len >= 2) {
            s = s.substring(len - 2);
        } else {
            s = "0" + s;
        }
        return s;
    }
}

运行输出为：

cb3492a453633b7ade978a7214c064b82a332a94
788dc68d752ffb1a12c52c5436cbd4351ba8bf3c

注意，为了输出美观，我提供了一个byteToHexString方法，该方法可以将byte转换为一个两个字符的String，该String中包含了该byte的十六进制格式。
摘要流被广泛用于各种信息的验证中，是一种很常用的手段。