list1 = ['c','b','d','f','a']
list2 = [0.1 if i == 'c' else 0 for i in list1]
print (list2)
list3 = [ s if s%2 == 0 else -1 for s in range(1, 11) ]
list4 = [ s for s in range(1, 11) if s%2 == 0 ]
list5 = [ s if s%4 == 0 else -1 for s in range(1, 11) if s%2 == 0 ]
print (list3)
print (list4)
print (list5)
笔记
for以后为数据筛选(可改变数据个数) for前为数据判断(不能改变数据个数)