iOS之CoreData

CoreData步骤：
一、创建模型文件(相当于数据库中的表）
二、添加实体（相当于数据库中的某一张表）
a>:实体名字首字母必须大写
b>:属性必须小写
三、创建实体类 coreData会把基本数据类型转换为对象
四、生成上下文，关联模型文件，生成数据库

1.创建新模型文件，CoreData->Data Model
AddEntity->AddAttributes->Relationships(修改O&M）。
再创建文件，CoreData ->NSManagedObject subclass,将Entity添加到其中，自动生成类

viewcontroller.m
-(void)viewDidload
{
//上下文初始化
self.context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc]init];
//一个数据持久化助理关联文件
self.context.persistentStoreCoordinator = nil;
NSManagedObjectModel * model = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc]initWithContentsOfURL:[[NSBundle mainBundle]URLForResource:@"Company"withExtension:@"momd"]];//???
NSPersistentStoreCoordinator * store =[[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc]initWithManagedObjjectModel:model];

//document路径
NSString * docPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,NSUserDomainMask,YES)firstObject];
//存放数据的位置
NSString * sqlitePath = [docPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Company.sqlite"];
NSLog(@"%@",sqlitePath);

    //告诉CoreData关联数据库
    //1:告诉coreData存数的类型（SQLite）
   //2.告诉coreData存放的位置（document）
    [store addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:sqlitePath] options:nil error:nil];

    self.context.persistentStoreCoordinator = store;
}

在storyBoard中ViewController中添加四个按钮并关联，实现数据库四个基本操作
①.创建员工
- (IBAction)createEmployee:(id)sender {
for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++){
Employee * emps = [NSEntityDescription inserNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee"inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
emps.name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"BJS1507%d",i];
        emps.age = [NSNumber numberWithInt:arc4random()%20 + 40];
        emps.height = @188;//字面量。

        //通过实体描述来创建模型对象
        [self.context save:nil];
②.将员工添加到部门中
方式一
创建员工
Employee * emp = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
    emp.name = @"张三";
    emp.age = @13;
    emp.height = @177;
 创建部门
 Department * dep1 = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Department" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
    dep1.departmentname = @"Android";
    dep1.departmentno = @10001;

    [ dep1 addMyemployee:[NSSet setWithObject:emp]];
     [self.context save:nil];
 方式二
 Department * ios = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Department" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
    ios.departmentname = @"ios";
    ios.departmentno  = @10000;

 Employee * emp1 = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
    emp1.name = @"张三";
    emp1.age = @22;
    emp1.mydepartment = ios;
 [self.context save:nil];

一、通过谓词查找
“= “查询绝对的字段，和名字相等的数据
NSPredicate * predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@”name = %@”,@”BJS150715”];
request.predicate = predicate ;

二、模糊查询
查找包含的某个字段的数据
NSPredicate * predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@”age CONTAINS%@”,@”4”];
request.predicate = predicate;

三、模糊查询“LIKE” * 在字段前面代表查询后边包含该字段的数据
* 在字段后面反之，也可以当包含来使用，例 7
NSPredicate * predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@”age LIKE %@”,@”5*”];
request.predicate = predicate ;

//读取员工
- (IBAction)readEmployee:(id)sender {

    //请求
    NSFetchRequest * request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];
***降序排列***
 NSSortDescriptor * SD = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age"ascending:NO];

    request.sortDescriptors = @[SD];

    //执行查找
    NSArray * array =  [self.context executeFetchRequest:request error:nil  ];
    for (Employee * emps in array) {

        NSLog(@"name = %@ age = %@ height = %@",emps.name,emps.age,emps.height);

    } 
}

//修改员工
- (IBAction)updateEmployee:(id)sender {

    NSFetchRequest * request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];

    NSPredicate * predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name = %@",@"BJS150712"];

    request.predicate = predicate   ;

    //执行查找请求 返回数组

    NSArray * array = [self.context executeFetchRequest:request error:nil];

    if (array) {
        for (Employee * emps in array) {
            emps.name = @"张涛";
            emps.age =@30;
            emps.height = @178;

            [self.context save:nil];

            NSLog(@"name =%@ age = %@",emps.name,emps.age);
        }
    }


}
//删除员工
- (IBAction)deleteEmployee:(id)sender {

    NSFetchRequest * request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];

    NSPredicate * predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name CONTAINS %@",@"BJS"];

    request.predicate = predicate   ;


    NSArray * array = [self.context executeFetchRequest:request error:nil];

    if (array) {
        for (Employee * emps in array) {

            //删除
            [self.context deleteObject:emps];

            [self.context save:nil];
        }
    }   
}