1、检测是否安装vsftpd软件
rpm -qa |grep vsftpd
2、如果没有安装,使用YUM命令进行安装
yum install vsftpd -y
3、启动服务
使用vsftpd软件,主要包括如下几个命令:
启动ftp命令#service vsftpd start
停止ftp命令#service vsftpd stop
重启ftp命令#service vsftpd restart
4、vsftpd的配置
ftp的配置文件主要有三个,位于/etc/vsftpd/目录下,分别是:
ftpusers 该文件用来指定那些用户不能访问ftp服务器。
user_list 该文件用来指示的默认账户在默认情况下也不能访问ftp
vsftpd.conf vsftpd的主配置文件
以匿名用户为例,我们去掉配置文件vsftpd.conf 里面以下
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
修改配置文件后需要重启服务
service vsftpd restart
使用“
1、计算机(我的电脑)上登陆,先打开计算机(我的电脑),在最上方输入栏中输入如图所示的命令(ftp://ip地址),然后按回车
2、浏览器登录,在浏览器的域名栏中输入和第一种方法中相同的命令(ftp://ip地址),然后回车
vsftpd.conf文件说明
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=YES //是否允许anonymous登录FTP服务器,默认是允许的.
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES //是否允许本地用户登录FTP服务器,默认是允许
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES //是否允许用户具有在FTP服务器文件中执行写的权限,默认是允许
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022 //设置本地用户的文件生成掩码为022,默认是077
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES //是否允许匿名账户在FTP服务器中创建目录
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES //激活目录信息,当远程用户更改目录时,将出现提示信息
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES //启用上传和下载日志功能
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES //启用FTP数据端口的连接请求
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log //设置日志文件的文件名和存储路径,这是默认的
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format
xferlog_std_format=YES//是否使用标准的ftpd xferlog日志文件格式
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600 //设置空闲的用户会话中断时间,默认是10分钟
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120//设置数据连接超时时间,默认是120秒.
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that turning on ascii_download_enable enables malicious remote parties
# to consume your I/O resources, by issuing the command "SIZE /big/file" in
# ASCII mode.
# These ASCII options are split into upload and download because you may wish
# to enable ASCII uploads (to prevent uploaded scripts etc. from breaking),
# without the DoS risk of SIZE and ASCII downloads. ASCII mangling should be
# on the client anyway..
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES //是否允许使用ASCII格式来上传和下载文件
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.//在FTP服务器中设置欢迎登录的信息.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
#chroot_list_enable=YES //如果希望用户登录后不能切换到自己目录以外的其它目录,需要设置该项,如果设置chroot_list_enable=YES,那么只允许/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list中列出的用户具有该功能.如果希望所有的本地用户都执行者chroot,可以增加一行:chroot_local_user=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
pam_service_name=vsftpd //设置PAM认证服务的配置文件名称,该文件存放在/etc/pam.d/目录下.
userlist_enable=YES //用户列表中的用户是否允许登录FTP服务器,默认是不允许
#enable for standalone mode
listen=YES //使vsftpd 处于独立启动模式
tcp_wrappers=YES //使用tcp_wrqppers作为主机访问控制方式
一、vsftp添加用户
[root@ www.linuxidc.com ~]# adduser -g ftp -s /sbin/nologin mmc
[root@ www.linuxidc.com ~]# passwd mmc
输入密码。
这样添加了一个用户名为:mmc 的新用户,新添加的用户只能登录FTP,不能作为系统用户登录。
新添加的用户默认家目录是在/home 下有个以用户名为文件名的文件夹,如果想使用指定的目录给用户,可以作以下操作:
(adduser 有个参数是:-d, --home-dir HOME_DIR home directory of the new account)
[root@ www.linuxidc.com ~]# adduser -d /vsftphome/mmc1 -g ftp -s /sbin/nologin mmc1
[root@ www.linuxidc.com ~]# passwd mmc1
输入密码。
完成新建了一个名为mmc1,家目录被指定为/vsftphome/mmc1 的ftp用户。
测试用户。
二、限定FTP用户只能访问自己的家目录,而不能返回上一层目录进入其他目录。
修改配置文件:/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
[root@ www.linuxidc.com vsftpd]# vi vsftpd.conf
去掉下面两行参数的注释符号(‘#’号)
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
在/etc/vsftpd下创建chroot_list文件:
[root@ www.linuxidc.com vsftpd]# touch chroot_list
然后加入需要限制的用户名(一行一个),如:
mmc
mmc1
保存退出。
重启服务,测试
转载 :
在linux中添加ftp用户,并设置相应的权限,操作步骤如下:
1.环境:ftp为vsftp。被设置用户名为test。被限制路径为/home/test
2.创建建用户:在root用户下:
3.更改用户相应的权限设置:
4.限制用户只能访问/home/test,不能访问其他路径
修改/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf如下:编辑 vsftpd.chroot_list文件,将受限制的用户添加进去,每个用户名一行
改完配置文件,不要忘记重启vsftpd服务器5.如果需要允许用户修改密码,但是又没有telnet登录系统的权限:
6.如果要删除用户,用下面代码:
因为需要彻底删除用户,所以加上-r的选项,在删除用户的同时一起把这个用户的宿主目录和邮件目录删除。