ios各种编码格式范围深坑

写了一个二维码，闸机读出来竟然不对，我就问你尴不尴尬？因为我二维码传的是原始的字符串，读出来之后是303232333435等，这分明是要反加密的节奏啊，于是utf-8反加密，当数据中每个字节全部小于80时完全正常无压力。但是当数据大于80时就加了c2 80或c3 80，c2 90 或c3 90.这就更尴尬了。找了半天没有丝毫头绪。就知道可能是加密方式错了，可是变换各种加密方式无果。整整一天发现生成二维码中使用了utf8编码。需要改成我们需要的ISO-8859-1即NSISOLatin1StringEncoding编码。它最大支持FF（255），而ACSCII最大支持127.
下面是我搜集的编码范围，希望朋友们可以帮我补全。这些编码格式都是什么时机用到。

NSArray *arrayEncoding = @[@(NSASCIIStringEncoding),/* 0..127 only */
                             @(NSNEXTSTEPStringEncoding),
                             @(NSJapaneseEUCStringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF8StringEncoding),/*UTF-8有点类似于Haffman编码，它将Unicode编码为00000000-0000007F的字符，用单个字节来表示；
                                    00000080-000007FF的字符用两个字节表示
                                    00000800-0000FFFF的字符用3字节表示
                                    因为目前为止Unicode-16规范没有指定FFFF以上的字符，所以UTF-8最多是使用3个字节来表示一个字符。但理论上来说，UTF-8最多需要用6字节表示一个字符*/
                             @(NSISOLatin1StringEncoding),/*通过 iso-8859-1 转化为字符串时，将直接得到 [0x00D6, 0x00D0] 两个 UNICODE 字符，即 "ÖÐ"。反之，将 UNICODE 字符串通过 iso-8859-1 转化为字节串时，只能正常转化 0~255 范围的字符。*/

@(NSSymbolStringEncoding),
                             @(NSNonLossyASCIIStringEncoding),
                             @(NSShiftJISStringEncoding),
                             @(NSISOLatin2StringEncoding),
                             @(NSUnicodeStringEncoding),/*它是一种２字节编码，能够提供６５５３６个字符，如"A"的Unicode编码为6500，而BigEndianUnicode编码为0065*/
                             @(NSWindowsCP1251StringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1252StringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1253StringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1254StringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1250StringEncoding),
                             @(NSISO2022JPStringEncoding),
                             @(NSMacOSRomanStringEncoding),

@(NSUTF16StringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF16BigEndianStringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF16LittleEndianStringEncoding),

@(NSUTF32StringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF32BigEndianStringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF32LittleEndianStringEncoding)
                             ];

另附简单的文件的编码格式分析，结果肯定是一大墩：看看就行

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.


    NSArray *arrEncoding = @[

@(NSASCIIStringEncoding),
                             @(NSNEXTSTEPStringEncoding),
                             @(NSJapaneseEUCStringEncoding),

@(NSUTF8StringEncoding),
                             @(NSISOLatin1StringEncoding),

@(NSSymbolStringEncoding),
                             @(NSNonLossyASCIIStringEncoding),
                             @(NSShiftJISStringEncoding),
                             @(NSISOLatin2StringEncoding),
                             @(NSUnicodeStringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1251StringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1252StringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1253StringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1254StringEncoding),
                             @(NSWindowsCP1250StringEncoding),
                             @(NSISO2022JPStringEncoding),
                             @(NSMacOSRomanStringEncoding),

@(NSUTF16StringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF16BigEndianStringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF16LittleEndianStringEncoding),

@(NSUTF32StringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF32BigEndianStringEncoding),
                             @(NSUTF32LittleEndianStringEncoding)
];

    NSArray *arrEncodingName = @[

@"NSASCIIStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSNEXTSTEPStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSJapaneseEUCStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSUTF8StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSISOLatin1StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSSymbolStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSNonLossyASCIIStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSShiftJISStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSISOLatin2StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSUnicodeStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSWindowsCP1251StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSWindowsCP1252StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSWindowsCP1253StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSWindowsCP1254StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSWindowsCP1250StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSISO2022JPStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSMacOSRomanStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSUTF16StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSUTF16BigEndianStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSUTF16LittleEndianStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSUTF32StringEncoding",
                                 @"NSUTF32BigEndianStringEncoding",
                                 @"NSUTF32LittleEndianStringEncoding"
];

    for (int i = 0 ; i < [arrEncoding count]; i++) {
        unsigned long encodingCode = [arrEncoding[i] unsignedLongValue];
        NSLog(@"arrEncodingName>>(%@)", arrEncodingName[i]);
        NSError *error = nil;
        NSString *imagePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"a" ofType:@"rtf"];
        NSString *filePath = imagePath; // <---这里是要查看的文件路径
        NSString *aString = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:filePath encoding:encodingCode  error:&error];
        NSLog(@"Error:>>%@", [error localizedDescription]);
        NSData *data = [aString dataUsingEncoding:encodingCode];
        NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:encodingCode];
        NSLog(@"[string length]>>>%d", [string length]);

    }

}