文章目录
TextField是一个material design风格的输入框，其本身有很多属性，不过这些属性大家不必全部记住，只要会使用就可以。使用到了，可以直接在构造方法中进行查询
1 TextField构造方法
const TextField({
Key key,
this.controller,
this.focusNode,
this.decoration = const InputDecoration(),
TextInputType keyboardType,
this.textInputAction,
this.textCapitalization = TextCapitalization.none,
this.style,
this.strutStyle,
this.textAlign = TextAlign.start,
this.textAlignVertical,
this.textDirection,
this.readOnly = false,
this.showCursor,
this.autofocus = false,
this.obscureText = false,
this.autocorrect = true,
this.maxLines = 1,
this.minLines,
this.expands = false,
this.maxLength,
this.maxLengthEnforced = true,
this.onChanged,
this.onEditingComplete,
this.onSubmitted,
this.inputFormatters,
this.enabled,
this.cursorWidth = 2.0,
this.cursorRadius,
this.cursorColor,
this.keyboardAppearance,
this.scrollPadding = const EdgeInsets.all(20.0),
this.dragStartBehavior = DragStartBehavior.start,
this.enableInteractiveSelection,
this.onTap,
this.buildCounter,
this.scrollController,
this.scrollPhysics,
})
2 TextField主要属性
| 属性 | 作用 |
|---|---|
| TextEditingController controller | 设置输入框默认显示的值 |
| FocusNode focusNode | |
| InputDecoration decoration | 文本字段周围的装饰,InputDecoration的属性参考1.2.1 InputDecoration属性说明 |
| TextInputType keyboardType | 设置键盘类型: TextInputType.text:文本输入键盘 TextInputType.multiline:多行文本，配合maxLines使用 TextInputType.number:数字键盘 TextInputType.phone:数字键盘，多出’*#‘键 TextInputType.datetime：数字键盘，多出’/:‘键 TextInputType.emailAddress:文本输入键盘，显示’@‘ TextInputType.url：文本输入键盘，显示’/‘ TextInputType.numberWithOptions(signed: true, decimal: true): 数字键盘，设置signed、decimal后模拟器中没看出区别 |
| TextInputAction textInputAction | 键盘回车按钮图标 TextInputAction是个枚举类，具体指参考1.2.2 TextInputAction |
| Capitalization textCapitalization | 文本风格 TextCapitalization.none:默认一直使用小写 TextCapitalization.characters:默认一直使用大写 TextCapitalization.sentences:默认为每个句子的第一个字母使用大写键盘 TextCapitalization.word:默认为每个单词的第一个字母使用大写键盘 |
| TextStyle style | 设置输入框中文本样式 |
| StrutStyle strutStyle | |
| TextAlign textAlign | 文本对齐方式 |
| TextAlignVertical textAlignVertical | |
| TextDirection textDirection | 文本方向 |
| bool autofocus | 自动获取焦点 |
| bool obscureText | 密码模式显示 |
| bool autocorrect | 是否显示提示 |
| int maxLines | 最大行数 |
| int minLines | 最小行数 |
| bool expands | 是否放大 |
| bool readOnly | 是否只读 |
| bool showCursor | 是否显示光标 |
| int maxLength | 最大长度,右下角会显示输入限制 |
| bool maxLengthEnforced | 达到最大长度后，是否限制继续输入，为false可继续输入，为true不可继续输入 |
| ValueChanged onChanged | 内容改变回调，当达到最大长度后，继续输入也会触发。 |
| VoidCallback onEditingComplete | 点击回车回调 |
| ValueChanged onSubmitted | 提交（点击回车）回调 |
| List inputFormatters | 控制允许输入的格式,详细说明参考1.2.3 inputFormatters的使用 |
| bool enabled | |
| double cursorWidth | 光标宽度 |
| Radius cursorRadius | 光标圆角 |
| Color cursorColor | 光标颜色 |
| Brightness keyboardAppearance | 键盘外观 Brightness.light:高亮模式 Brightness.dark:暗黑模式 |
| EdgeInsets scrollPadding | |
| bool enableInteractiveSelection | |
| DragStartBehavior dragStartBehavior | |
| GestureTapCallback onTap | 点击输入框的回调 |
| InputCounterWidgetBuilder buildCounter | 自定义计数器（maxLength的显示），参考1.2.4 的使用 |
| ScrollPhysics scrollPhysics | |
| ScrollController scrollController |
3 示例说明
3.1 默认展示
只有一条下划线
TextField()
3.2 多行输入
TextField(
maxLines: 4,
decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: '多行文本'),
),
3.3 密码输入
如果要使一个表单变成密码框，只需配置 obscureText 属性是 true
TextField(
obscureText: true,
decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: '密码框'),
),
3.4 游标颜色、粗细，控制输入长度
TextField(
autofocus: true,
cursorColor: Colors.deepOrange,
cursorRadius: Radius.circular(20.0),
cursorWidth: 10.0,
maxLength: 10,
)),
3.5 下划线(隐藏)
TextField(
autofocus: true,
decoration: InputDecoration(border: InputBorder.none //隐藏下划线
)),
3.6 下划线(改变属性)
默认下划线是跟随主题的红色，这里将其改为橘色700。
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
autofocus: true,
decoration: InputDecoration(border: InputBorder.none //隐藏下划线
)),
decoration: BoxDecoration(
// 下滑线橘色700，宽度3像素
border: Border(
bottom: BorderSide(color: Colors.orange[700], width: 3.0))),
),
3.7 圆角输入框
TextField(
autofocus: true,
cursorColor: Colors.deepOrange,
cursorRadius: Radius.circular(20.0),
cursorWidth: 10.0,
maxLength: 10,
obscureText: true,
decoration: InputDecoration(
// 文本内容的内边距
contentPadding: EdgeInsets.all(10.0),
// 圆角矩形的输入框样式
border: OutlineInputBorder(
// 圆角半径 10
borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10.0),
)),
)
3.8 带有图标输入框
TextField(
decoration: InputDecoration(
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.lock),
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.remove_red_eye),
labelText: "密码",
hintText: "您的登录密码",
hintStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.grey, fontSize: 13.0)
),
obscureText: true,
)
3.9 监听内容变化，获取输入框的内容
如果我们要获取输入的内容，这时候可以通过onChange, onSubmitted
TextField(
onChanged: (text) {
//内容改变的回调
print('change $text');
},
onEditingComplete:(){
print('editing ');
},
onSubmitted: (text) {
//内容提交(按回车)的回调
print('submit $text');
},
decoration: InputDecoration(
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.search),
labelText: "用户名",
helperText: '请输入用户名、手机号',
hintText: "用户名或手机号",
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.person)
),
textInputAction:TextInputAction.go,
// 将键盘显示类型设置为文本键盘
keyboardType: TextInputType.text,
)
3.10 改变键盘右下角的功能键
TextField(
onChanged: (text) {
//内容改变的回调
print('change $text');
},
onEditingComplete:(){
print('editing ');
},
onSubmitted: (text) {
//内容提交(按回车)的回调
print('submit $text');
},
decoration: InputDecoration(
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.search),
labelText: "用户名",
helperText: '请输入用户名、手机号',
hintText: "用户名或手机号",
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.person)
),
textInputAction:TextInputAction.go,
// 将键盘显示类型设置为文本键盘
keyboardType: TextInputType.text,
)
3.11 改变键盘的输入类型
TextField(
onChanged: (text) {
//内容改变的回调
print('change $text');
},
onEditingComplete:(){
print('editing ');
},
onSubmitted: (text) {
//内容提交(按回车)的回调
print('submit $text');
},
decoration: InputDecoration(
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.lock),
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.remove_red_eye),
labelText: "密码",
hintText: "您的登录密码",
hintStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.grey, fontSize: 13.0)
),
obscureText: true,
textInputAction:TextInputAction.go,
// 将键盘显示类型设置为数字键盘
keyboardType: TextInputType.number,
)
4 完整代码
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
/// create at
/// by laohe(老贺)
/// describe：
class TextFieldWidgets extends StatefulWidget {
TextFieldWidgets({Key key}) : super(key: key);
@override
_TextFieldWidgetsState createState() => _TextFieldWidgetsState();
}
class _TextFieldWidgetsState extends State<TextFieldWidgets> {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: Text('TextFieldWidgets'),
),
body: Container(
child: ListView(
children: <Widget>[
Text(
"1 默认展示",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(),
),
///默认展示
Divider(),
Text(
"2 多行输入",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
maxLines: 4,
decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: '多行文本'),
),
),
Divider(),
Text(
"3 密码输入",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
obscureText: true,
decoration: InputDecoration(hintText: '密码框'),
),
),
Divider(),
Text(
"4 游标颜色、粗细，控制输入长度",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
autofocus: true,
cursorColor: Colors.deepOrange,
cursorRadius: Radius.circular(20.0),
cursorWidth: 10.0,
maxLength: 10,
)),
Divider(),
Text(
"5 下划线(隐藏)",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
autofocus: true,
decoration: InputDecoration(border: InputBorder.none //隐藏下划线
)),
),
Divider(),
Text(
"6 下划线(改变属性)",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
autofocus: true,
decoration: InputDecoration(border: InputBorder.none //隐藏下划线
)),
decoration: BoxDecoration(
// 下滑线橘色700，宽度3像素
border: Border(
bottom: BorderSide(color: Colors.orange[700], width: 3.0))),
),
Divider(),
Text(
"7 圆角输入框",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
autofocus: true,
cursorColor: Colors.deepOrange,
cursorRadius: Radius.circular(20.0),
cursorWidth: 10.0,
maxLength: 10,
obscureText: true,
decoration: InputDecoration(
// 文本内容的内边距
contentPadding: EdgeInsets.all(10.0),
// 圆角矩形的输入框样式
border: OutlineInputBorder(
// 圆角半径 10
borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(10.0),
)),
)
),
Divider(),
Text(
"8 带有图标输入框",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
decoration: InputDecoration(
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.lock),
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.remove_red_eye),
labelText: "密码",
hintText: "您的登录密码",
hintStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.grey, fontSize: 13.0)
),
obscureText: true,
)
),
Divider(),
Text(
"9 监听内容变化，获取输入框的内容",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
onChanged: (text) {
//内容改变的回调
print('change $text');
},
onEditingComplete:(){
print('editing ');
},
onSubmitted: (text) {
//内容提交(按回车)的回调
print('submit $text');
},
decoration: InputDecoration(
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.search),
labelText: "用户名",
helperText: '请输入用户名、手机号',
hintText: "用户名或手机号",
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.person)
),
textInputAction:TextInputAction.go,
// 将键盘显示类型设置为文本键盘
keyboardType: TextInputType.text,
)
),
Divider(),
Text(
"10 改变键盘右下角的功能键",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
onChanged: (text) {
//内容改变的回调
print('change $text');
},
onEditingComplete:(){
print('editing ');
},
onSubmitted: (text) {
//内容提交(按回车)的回调
print('submit $text');
},
decoration: InputDecoration(
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.search),
labelText: "用户名",
helperText: '请输入用户名、手机号',
hintText: "用户名或手机号",
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.person)
),
textInputAction:TextInputAction.go,
// 将键盘显示类型设置为文本键盘
keyboardType: TextInputType.text,
)
),
Divider(),
Text(
"11 改变键盘的输入类型",
style: TextStyle(color: Colors.black, fontSize: 18.0),
textAlign: TextAlign.left,
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
onChanged: (text) {
//内容改变的回调
print('change $text');
},
onEditingComplete:(){
print('editing ');
},
onSubmitted: (text) {
//内容提交(按回车)的回调
print('submit $text');
},
decoration: InputDecoration(
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.search),
labelText: "用户名",
helperText: '请输入用户名、手机号',
hintText: "用户名或手机号",
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.person)
),
textInputAction:TextInputAction.go,
// 将键盘显示类型设置为文本键盘
keyboardType: TextInputType.text,
)
),
Container(
padding: EdgeInsets.all(20),
child: TextField(
onChanged: (text) {
//内容改变的回调
print('change $text');
},
onEditingComplete:(){
print('editing ');
},
onSubmitted: (text) {
//内容提交(按回车)的回调
print('submit $text');
},
decoration: InputDecoration(
prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.lock),
suffixIcon: Icon(Icons.remove_red_eye),
labelText: "密码",
hintText: "您的登录密码",
hintStyle: TextStyle(color: Colors.grey, fontSize: 13.0)
),
obscureText: true,
textInputAction:TextInputAction.go,
// 将键盘显示类型设置为数字键盘
keyboardType: TextInputType.number,
)
),
],
)),
);
}
}
5 运行效果
6 github源代码
如果总结的对您帮助，麻烦star！！！
7 结束语
对基本组件，只有经常在项目中使用才可孰能生巧，作出漂亮的合理的Widget出来。希望上面的讲解对大家有所帮助，对基本属性的学习，不用死记，只要练习写几个demo，然后自己尝试的改变一下属性看一下运行效果，很快就可以学会了。
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