rsync远程同步简介
1.什么是rsync
是一种快速增量备份工具,能远程同步,支持本地复制,或与其他SSH、rsync主机同步
2. 用法
rsync [选项] 原始位置 目标位置
常用选项
-a:归档模式,递归并保留对象属性,
-v:显示同步过程的详细详细
-z;在传递文件是进行压缩
-H:保留硬链接文件
-A;保留ACL属性信息
–delete:删除目标位置有而原始位置没有的文件
–checksum:根据对象的校验和来决定是否跳过文件
3.配置方法
(1:用户名@主机地址::共享模块名
(2:rsync://用户名@主机地址/共享模块名
4.同步分类
定期同步
实时同步
5.两者优缺点
定期同步缺点:执行备份时间固定,延迟明显、实时性差,当同步源长期不变时,定期任务就没有必要了
实时同步优点:一旦同步源出现变化,立即启动备份,只有没有变化,就不启动备份。
6实验
同步
服务器20.0.0.5
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
# /etc/rsyncd: configuration file for rsync daemon mode
# See rsyncd.conf man page for more options.
# configuration example:
uid = nobody
gid = nobody
use chroot = yes
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
address = 20.0.0.5
port 873
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
hosts allow = 20.0.0.0/24
# max connections = 4
# exclude = lost+found/
# transfer logging = yes
# timeout = 900
# ignore nonreadable = yes
# [ftp]
# path = /home/ftp
# comment = ftp export are
#
# a
#
[wwwroot]
path = /var/www/html
comment = www.kgc.cn
read only =yes
dont compress = *.gz *.tgz *.zip *.z *.Z *.rpm *.deb *.bz2
auth users = backuper
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd_users.db
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd_users.db
backuper:abc123
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsyncd_users.db
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install httpd
[root@localhost ~]# rsync --daemon
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -ntap | grep rsync
tcp 0 0 20.0.0.5:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 73588/rsync
[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/www/html
[root@localhost html]# ll
total 0
[root@localhost html]# echo "this is abc" > ab.txt
[root@localhost html]# ll
total 4
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12 Oct 23 11:19 ab.txt
客户机20.0.06
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# rsync -avz backuper@20.0.0.5::wwwroot /opt/
Password:
receiving incremental file list
./
ab.txt
sent 46 bytes received 119 bytes 36.67 bytes/sec
total size is 12 speedup is 0.07
[root@localhost opt]# cat ab.txt
this is abc
实时同步
客户机20.0.0.6
[root@localhost opt]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
后面加
fs.inotify.max_queued_events = 16384
fs.inotify.max_user_instances = 10224
fs.inotify.max_user_watches = 1048576
[root@localhost opt]# sysctl -p
fs.inotify.max_queued_events = 16384
fs.inotify.max_user_instances = 10224
fs.inotify.max_user_watches = 1048576
上传软件包到opt目录下
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxvf inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# cd inotify-tools-3.14/
[root@localhost inotify-tools-3.14]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make
[root@localhost inotify-tools-3.14]# ./configure
[root@localhost inotify-tools-3.14]# make && make install
inotifywait -mrq -e modify,create,move,delete /var/www/html/
yum -y install httpd
inotifywait -mrq -e modify,create,move,delete /var/www/html/
[root@localhost inotify-tools-3.14]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# ls
[root@localhost opt]# vim inotify.sh
#!/bin/bash
INOTIFY_CMD="inotifywait -mrq -e modify,create,attrib,move,delete /var/www/html"
RSYNC_CMD="rsync -azH --delete --password-file=/etc/server.pass /var/www/html/
backuper@20.0.0.5::wwwroot/"
$INOTIFY_CMD | while read DIRECTORY EVENT FILE
do
if [ $(pgrep rsync | wc -l) -le 0 ];then
$RSYNC_CMD
fi
done
[root@localhost opt]# chmod +x inotify.sh
[root@localhost opt]# ll
总用量 364
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12 10月 23 11:19 ab.txt
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 316 10月 23 15:56 inotify.sh
drwxrwxrwx. 6 zhang zhang 4096 10月 23 14:24 inotify-tools-3.14
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 358772 10月 23 12:22 inotify-tools-3.14.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 10月 31 2018 rh
[root@localhost opt]# ls -l /var/www/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2018 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 10月 23 14:52 html
[root@localhost opt]# chmod 777 /var/www/
[root@localhost opt]# ls -l /var/www/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2018 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 10月 23 14:52 html
[root@localhost opt]# ls -l /var/www/html
总用量 0
[root@localhost opt]# chmod 777 /var/www/html
[root@localhost opt]# ls -l /var/www/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 11月 5 2018 cgi-bin
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 10月 23 14:52 html
[root@localhost opt]# ./inotify.sh
在打开一台20.0.0.6的客户机
[root@localhost html]# echo "this is test" > test.txt
[root@localhost html]#
源服务器
root@localhost html]# ls -l /var/www
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2018 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 20 Oct 23 11:19 html
[root@localhost html]# chmod 777 /var/www/html
[root@localhost html]# ls -l /var/www
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 5 2018 cgi-bin
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 20 Oct 23 11:19 html
[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
[wwwroot]
path = /var/www/html
comment = www.kgc.cn
read only =no //yes改为no
"/etc/rsyncd.conf" 33L, 671C
[root@localhost html]# netstat -ntap | grep rsync
tcp 0 0 20.0.0.5:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 73588/rsync
[root@localhost html]# kill -9 73588
[root@localhost html]# netstat -ntap | grep rsync
[root@localhost html]# cd /var/run
[root@localhost run]# rm -rf rsyncd.pid
[root@localhost run]# rsync --daemon
[root@localhost run]# netstat -ntap | grep rsync
tcp 0 0 20.0.0.5:873 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 76246/rsync
[root@localhost run]# cd /var/www/html/
[root@localhost html]# ls
test.txt
[root@localhost html]# cat test.txt
this is test