linux内存清理和swap内存释放办法

如果swap空间使用到30%以上，系统就变得很慢，如果物理内存够，就需要清理下。

原文：http://wushank.blog.51cto.com/3489095/1255906

先应该同步一下
[root@mysql172 ~]# sync

再执行
echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

查看内存占用情况
[root@mysql172 ~]# free -m
            total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:         12010       9433       2577          0          4         24
-/+ buffers/cache:       9404       2606
Swap:         4094        838       3256

swap还是使用中。。。求问该咋办。。。。 
swapoff -a;swapon -a
终于free -m看到swap为空了。

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Linux下清理内存和Cache方法 /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

频繁的文件访问会导致系统的Cache使用量大增
$ free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3955 3926 28 0 55 3459
-/+ buffers/cache: 411 3544
Swap: 5726 0 5726


free内存减少到几十兆，系统运行缓慢

运行sync将dirty的内容写回硬盘
$sync

通过修改proc系统的drop_caches清理free的cache
$echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches

drop_caches的详细文档如下：
Writing to this will cause the kernel to drop clean caches, dentries and inodes from memory, causing that memory to become free.
To free pagecache:
* echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
To free dentries and inodes:
* echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
To free pagecache, dentries and inodes:
* echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
As this is a non-destructive operation, and dirty objects are notfreeable, the user should run "sync" first in order to make sure allcached objects are freed.
This tunable was added in 2.6.16.

修改/etc/sysctl.conf 添加如下选项后就不会内存持续增加
vm.dirty_ratio = 1
vm.dirty_background_ratio=1
vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs=2
vm.dirty_expire_centisecs=3
vm.drop_caches=3
vm.swappiness =100
vm.vfs_cache_pressure=163
vm.overcommit_memory=2
vm.lowmem_reserve_ratio=32 32 8
kern.maxvnodes=3

上面的设置比较粗暴，使cache的作用基本无法发挥。需要根据机器的状况进行适当的调节寻找最佳的折衷。