switch over Physical Standby steps

Fisrt switch the primary  to standby and then switch the standby to primary.

A switchover must be initiated on
the current primary database and completed on the target standby database

1 Verify the primary if it is ready 

SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;
SWITCHOVER_STATUS
-----------------
TO STANDBY

如果显示是sessions active，则用以下语句看一下是哪些用户还连着

SELECT SID, PROCESS, PROGRAM FROM V$SESSION 
 WHERE TYPE = 'USER'
 AND SID <> (SELECT DISTINCT SID FROM V$MYSTAT);

2 switch the primary to standby

ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY;

3 shutdown ,mount the primary and make it  standby

be sure to start the apply service

alter database recover managed standby database disconnect;

4 verify if the standby is ready 

SQL> SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE;
SWITCHOVER_STATUS
-----------------
TO_PRIMARY
1 row selected

5 switch the standby to primary

6 start the new primary in read write mode

7 test if the switchover works