Postgresql分区表

PostgreSQL 提供了三种分区表实现方式：

1. range ：范围分区
2. list ：列表分区
3. hash ：哈希分区

一、范围分区

根据某个字段的值，将数据存入不同的分区表中。

1. 创建父表

   create table test_person_table
   (
       name varchar(64),
       age  int
   ) partition by range (age);
   

   根据age 字段进行范围分区

2. 创建分区表

   create table test_person_table_r1 partition of test_person_table for values from (minvalue )to(10);
   create table test_person_table_r2 partition of test_person_table for values from (11 )to(20);
   create table test_person_table_r3 partition of test_person_table for values from (21 )to(30);
   create table test_person_table_r4 partition of test_person_table for values from (31 )to(40);
   create table test_person_table_r5 partition of test_person_table for values from (41 )to(maxvalue );
   

   • 第一个分区表，范围是从最小值到10
   • 最后一个分区表，范围是从41到最大值
   • 如果插入的数值，没有分区能够覆盖，则会报错

   父表和分区表都创建成功：

   

3. 插入数据

   insert into test_person_table (name, age) values ('xiaoxiao1', 5);
   insert into test_person_table (name, age) values ('xiaoxiao2', 15);
   insert into test_person_table (name, age) values ('xiaoxiao3', 25);
   insert into test_person_table (name, age) values ('xiaoxiao4', 35);
   insert into test_person_table (name, age) values ('xiaoxiao5', 45);
   

4. 查询数据

   • 查询父表

     

   • 查询分区表

     

二、列表分区

1. 创建父表

   create table test_table_partition_by_list
   (
       name varchar(64),
       city varchar(64)
   )partition by list(city);
   

   按照city 字段进行分区

2. 创建分区表

   create table test_table_partition_by_list_sichuan partition of test_table_partition_by_list for values in ('成都','绵阳');
   create table test_table_partition_by_list_guangdong partition of test_table_partition_by_list for values in ('广州', '深圳');
   create table test_table_partition_by_list_other partition of test_table_partition_by_list default ;
   

   

3. 插入数据

   insert into test_table_partition_by_list (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao1', '成都');
   insert into test_table_partition_by_list (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao2', '绵阳');
   insert into test_table_partition_by_list (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao3', '广州');
   insert into test_table_partition_by_list (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao4', '深圳');
   insert into test_table_partition_by_list (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao5', '北京');
   

4. 查询数据

   • 父表

     

   • 分区表

     

     

三、哈希分区

1. 创建父表

   create table test_table_partition_by_hash(
       name varchar(64),
       city varchar(64)
   )partition by hash (city);
   

   按照city的hash值进行分区

2. 创建分区表

   create table test_table_partition_by_hash_h1 partition of test_table_partition_by_hash for values with (modulus 3, remainder 0);
   create table test_table_partition_by_hash_h2 partition of test_table_partition_by_hash for values with (modulus 3, remainder 1);
   create table test_table_partition_by_hash_h3 partition of test_table_partition_by_hash for values with (modulus 3, remainder 2);
   

   

3. 插入数据

   insert into test_table_partition_by_hash (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao1', 'chengdu');
   insert into test_table_partition_by_hash (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao2', 'chengdu');
   
   insert into test_table_partition_by_hash (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao3', 'guangzhou');
   insert into test_table_partition_by_hash (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao4', 'guangzhou');
   
   insert into test_table_partition_by_hash (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao5', 'shenzhen');
   insert into test_table_partition_by_hash (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao6', 'shanghai');
   insert into test_table_partition_by_hash (name, city) values ('xiaoxiao7', 'beijing');
   

4. 查询数据

   查询父表

   

   查询子表：