iOS数据交互格式及解析总结

iOS应用开发中数据交互格式是重要知识点。目前比较流行的数据交互格式有JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), XML(Extensible Markup Language)和HTML(Hypertext Markup Language) 。JSON具有占带宽小、易用性、跨平台语言等特点，它在网络数据交互领域占有重要一席。ios5已经支持原生态的JSON库了。

UT确保数据解析方式和结果正确。以下内容介绍了JSON和XML的使用方式。

#import "DataParseTest.h"

@interface DataParseTest ()  <NSXMLParserDelegate>{
    int testSize;
    NSMutableString *currentXmlParserString;
}
@end


@implementation DataParseTest


/**
*  ios5 use native json tool. before ios5 we need to use third library JSONKit.
*  Json is better than xml data transfer format in mobile devie.
*/
-(void)testJsonParser{
    
    NSError *error = nil;
    
    NSString *dataStr = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"test" ofType:@"json"];
    NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:dataStr];
    
    NSDictionary *weatherDic = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingMutableLeaves error:&error];
    
    NSAssert(weatherDic != nil, @"Json value is not nil");
    NSDictionary *weatherInfo = [weatherDic objectForKey:@"weatherinfo"];
    NSEnumerator *emumerator = [weatherInfo keyEnumerator];
    id object;
    while (object = [emumerator nextObject]) {
        NSLog(@"key is %@",object);
        id objectValue = [weatherInfo objectForKey:object];
        if(objectValue)
            NSLog(@"value is %@",objectValue);
    }
}


/**
 *  test XML parser.
 */
-(void)testXMLParser{
    testSize= 0;
    currentXmlParserString = [[NSMutableString alloc] init];
    NSString *dataStr = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"test" ofType:@"xml"];
    NSData *data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:dataStr];
    NSXMLParser *xmlParser = [[NSXMLParser alloc] initWithData:data];
    [xmlParser setDelegate:self];
    NSAssert([xmlParser parse],@"parse error!");
    NSAssert(testSize == 3, @"can not parse totally.");
}


// Reduce potential parsing errors by using string constants declared in a single place.
static NSString * const kCommonElementName = @"COMMON";
static NSString * const kBotanicalElementName = @"BOTANICAL";
static NSString * const kZoneElementName = @"ZONE";
static NSString * const kLightElementName= @"LIGHT";
static NSString * const kPriceElementName= @"PRICE";
static NSString * const kAvaliabilityElementName= @"AVAILABILITY";


#pragma mark - NSXMLParser delegate methods
/** you can save you data while do parsing **/

- (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didStartElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName attributes:(NSDictionary *)attributeDict {
    if ([elementName isEqualToString:kCommonElementName]) {
        
    } else if ([elementName isEqualToString:kBotanicalElementName]) {
        
    }
    [currentXmlParserString setString:@""];

}

- (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser didEndElement:(NSString *)elementName namespaceURI:(NSString *)namespaceURI qualifiedName:(NSString *)qName {
    if ([elementName isEqualToString:kCommonElementName]) {
        NSLog(@"%@",currentXmlParserString);
        testSize++;
    } else if ([elementName isEqualToString:kBotanicalElementName]) {
        
    }
}

- (void)parser:(NSXMLParser *)parser foundCharacters:(NSString *)string {
    [currentXmlParserString appendString:string];
}


@end

附上test.xml 和 test.json 文件内容以便UT测试通过。

<CATALOG>
<PLANT>
<COMMON>======huahua_xiaomi_new</COMMON>
<BOTANICAL>======new_anzhi</BOTANICAL>
<ZONE>======huahua_360</ZONE>
<LIGHT>======new_xiaomi</LIGHT>
<PRICE>======new_baidu</PRICE>
<AVAILABILITY>======new_360</AVAILABILITY>
</PLANT>
<PLANT>
<COMMON>======huahua_jifen</COMMON>
<BOTANICAL>======az_piano_new</BOTANICAL>
<ZONE>======car_anzhi_new</ZONE>
<LIGHT>======qq</LIGHT>
<PRICE>======360</PRICE>
<AVAILABILITY>======wandoujia</AVAILABILITY>
</PLANT>
<PLANT>
<COMMON>======xiaomi</COMMON>
<BOTANICAL>======baidu</BOTANICAL>
<ZONE>======anzhi</ZONE>
<LIGHT>sssssshttp://dd.myapp.com/16891/672D499A2FD2B819B0601DD9E9C07CBF.apk---.jpg---com.heibanxuexi---儿童弹木琴(破解版)---辣妈必备快乐助手弹木琴,学音乐。---11---0===;</LIGHT></span></span>
<PRICE>======jf_huahua</PRICE></span>
<AVAILABILITY>======xm_huahua</AVAILABILITY>
</PLANT>
</CATALOG>

{"weatherinfo":{"city":"北京","city_en":"beijing","date_y":"2014年3月4日","date":"","week":"星期二","fchh":"11","cityid":"101010100","temp1":"8℃~-3℃","temp2":"8℃~-3℃","temp3":"7℃~-3℃","temp4":"8℃~-1℃","temp5":"10℃~1℃","temp6":"10℃~2℃","tempF1":"46.4℉~26.6℉","tempF2":"46.4℉~26.6℉","tempF3":"44.6℉~26.6℉","tempF4":"46.4℉~30.2℉","tempF5":"50℉~33.8℉","tempF6":"50℉~35.6℉","weather1":"晴","weather2":"晴","weather3":"晴","weather4":"晴转多云","weather5":"多云","weather6":"多云","img1":"0","img2":"99","img3":"0","img4":"99","img5":"0","img6":"99","img7":"0","img8":"1","img9":"1","img10":"99","img11":"1","img12":"99","img_single":"0","img_title1":"晴","img_title2":"晴","img_title3":"晴","img_title4":"晴","img_title5":"晴","img_title6":"晴","img_title7":"晴","img_title8":"多云","img_title9":"多云","img_title10":"多云","img_title11":"多云","img_title12":"多云","img_title_single":"晴","wind1":"北风4-5级转微风","wind2":"微风","wind3":"微风","wind4":"微风","wind5":"微风","wind6":"微风","fx1":"北风","fx2":"微风","fl1":"4-5级转小于3级","fl2":"小于3级","fl3":"小于3级","fl4":"小于3级","fl5":"小于3级","fl6":"小于3级","index":"寒冷","index_d":"天气寒冷，建议着厚羽绒服、毛皮大衣加厚毛衣等隆冬服装。年老体弱者尤其要注意保暖防冻。","index48":"冷","index48_d":"天气冷，建议着棉服、羽绒服、皮夹克加羊毛衫等冬季服装。年老体弱者宜着厚棉衣、冬大衣或厚羽绒服。","index_uv":"中等","index48_uv":"中等","index_xc":"较适宜","index_tr":"一般","index_co":"较舒适","st1":"7","st2":"-3","st3":"8","st4":"0","st5":"7","st6":"-1","index_cl":"较不宜","index_ls":"基本适宜","index_ag":"易发"}}