分析配置DispatcherServlet类时load-on-startup标签作用

<servlet>
		<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:application.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

使用SpringMVC时，配置DispatcherServlet类时，会配置load-on-startup标签，<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>。

本此就来深入找寻一下它的作用！

当Tomcat服务器发布Web项目时创建DispatcherServlet对象并执行init方法

一、进入DispatcherServelt类。去查看init方法

刚往下一滑就看到了这个BEAN_NAME，想到下午自己出的一个错误。在命名空间配置org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver的id时，我没有写multipartResolver，所以报400错误找不到指定的file，现在知道它这个id是定死的，不能变。

此时我查看了全部代码，没有init方法，然后就去他（DispatcherServlet）的父类（FrameworkServlet）去找，依旧没有，我又去了FrameworkServlet的父类（HttpServletBean）找到了如下源码：

/**
	 * Map config parameters onto bean properties of this servlet, and
	 * invoke subclass initialization.
	 * @throws ServletException if bean properties are invalid (or required
	 * properties are missing), or if subclass initialization fails.
	 */
	@Override
	public final void init() throws ServletException {
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Initializing servlet '" + getServletName() + "'");
		}

		// Set bean properties from init parameters.
		PropertyValues pvs = new ServletConfigPropertyValues(getServletConfig(), this.requiredProperties);
		if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {
			try {
				BeanWrapper bw = PropertyAccessorFactory.forBeanPropertyAccess(this);
				ResourceLoader resourceLoader = new ServletContextResourceLoader(getServletContext());
				bw.registerCustomEditor(Resource.class, new ResourceEditor(resourceLoader, getEnvironment()));
				initBeanWrapper(bw);
				bw.setPropertyValues(pvs, true);
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				if (logger.isErrorEnabled()) {
					logger.error("Failed to set bean properties on servlet '" + getServletName() + "'", ex);
				}
				throw ex;
			}
		}

		// Let subclasses do whatever initialization they like.
		initServletBean();//注意该方法

		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Servlet '" + getServletName() + "' configured successfully");
		}
	}

但是依旧看不懂呀，但是无论如何都会执行initServletBean();方法，所以我们就去这个方法看看。找到了HttpServletBean，

得到initServletBean方法如下：

protected void initServletBean() throws ServletException {
	}

是空方法，所以找到了frameworkServlet中initServletBean（）方法。

@Override
	protected final void initServletBean() throws ServletException {
		getServletContext().log("Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "'");
		if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			this.logger.info("FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "': initialization started");
		}
		long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

		try {
			this.webApplicationContext = initWebApplicationContext();
			initFrameworkServlet();
		}
		catch (ServletException ex) {
			this.logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
			throw ex;
		}
		catch (RuntimeException ex) {
			this.logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
			throw ex;
		}

		if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
			long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
			this.logger.info("FrameworkServlet '" + getServletName() + "': initialization completed in " +
					elapsedTime + " ms");
		}
	}

打开这个initWebApplicationContext（）方法：

	protected WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext() {
		WebApplicationContext rootContext =
				WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(getServletContext());
		WebApplicationContext wac = null;

		if (this.webApplicationContext != null) {
			// A context instance was injected at construction time -> use it
			wac = this.webApplicationContext;
			if (wac instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
				ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwac = (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) wac;
				if (!cwac.isActive()) {
					// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
					// setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc
					if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
						// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent -> set
						// the root application context (if any; may be null) as the parent
						cwac.setParent(rootContext);
					}
					configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac);
				}
			}
		}
		if (wac == null) {
			// No context instance was injected at construction time -> see if one
			// has been registered in the servlet context. If one exists, it is assumed
			// that the parent context (if any) has already been set and that the
			// user has performed any initialization such as setting the context id
			wac = findWebApplicationContext();
		}
		if (wac == null) {
			// No context instance is defined for this servlet -> create a local one
			wac = createWebApplicationContext(rootContext);
		}

		if (!this.refreshEventReceived) {
			// Either the context is not a ConfigurableApplicationContext with refresh
			// support or the context injected at construction time had already been
			// refreshed -> trigger initial onRefresh manually here.
			onRefresh(wac);
		}

		if (this.publishContext) {
			// Publish the context as a servlet context attribute.
			String attrName = getServletContextAttributeName();
			getServletContext().setAttribute(attrName, wac);
			if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				this.logger.debug("Published WebApplicationContext of servlet '" + getServletName() +
						"' as ServletContext attribute with name [" + attrName + "]");
			}
		}

		return wac;
	}

这个方法整个就是在给wac赋值，最后返回一个wac值，不停的if（）if（），最后执行了onRefresh(wac)方法；

	@Override
	protected void onRefresh(ApplicationContext context) {
		initStrategies(context);
	}

然后执行initStrategies方法；

protected void initStrategies(ApplicationContext context) {
		initMultipartResolver(context);
		initLocaleResolver(context);
		initThemeResolver(context);
		initHandlerMappings(context);
		initHandlerAdapters(context);
		initHandlerExceptionResolvers(context);
		initRequestToViewNameTranslator(context);
		initViewResolvers(context);
		initFlashMapManager(context);
	}

至此执行完该方法就给DispatcherServlet九个选项初始化完成了。