在所有的应用程序中,日志文件是必须的,asp.net5 已经为我们提供了基本的日志记录服务,在Microsoft.Extensions.Logging这个名称空间中,但是框架提供的日志服务不能记录到文件,因此我们需要用到NLog或Log4Net等第三方日志包,记录到文件。
本篇一步一步介绍Nlog组件的使用方法,具体Nlog配置文件的参数规范随后再介绍。
详细步骤:
一、先用Nuget安装Nlog组件Nlog.Web.AspNetCore
二、在项目Program类中,配置使用Nlog:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using NLog.Web;
namespace PayAPI
{
public class Program
{
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
}
public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
.ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
{
webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
})
.UseNLog(); //配置使用NLog
}
}
三、增加nlog.config配置文件
在配置文件中, 输入配置信息。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
autoReload="true"
throwConfigExceptions="true"
internalLogLevel="info"
internalLogFile="logs\internal-nlog.txt">
<!--autoReload:修改后自动加载,可能会有延迟-->
<!--throwConfigExceptions:NLog日志系统抛出异常-->
<!--internalLogLevel:内部日志的级别-->
<!--internalLogFile:内部日志保存路径,日志的内容大概就是NLog的版本信息,配置文件的地址等等-->
<!--输出日志的配置,用于rules读取-->
<targets>
<!--write logs to file-->
<!--将日志写入文件中,fileName可以指定日志生成的路径-->
<target xsi:type="File" name="allfile" fileName="logs\nlog-all-${shortdate}.log"
layout="${longdate}|${logger}|${uppercase:${level}}|${message} ${exception}" />
<!--同样是将文件写入日志中,写入的内容有所差别,差别在layout属性中体现。写入日志的数量有差别,差别在路由逻辑中体现-->
<target xsi:type="File" name="ownFile-web" fileName="logs\nlog-my-${shortdate}.log"
layout="${longdate}|${logger}|${uppercase:${level}}|${message} ${exception}" />
<target xsi:type="Null" name="blackhole" />
</targets>
<rules>
<!--路由顺序会对日志打印产生影响。路由匹配逻辑为顺序匹配。-->
<!--All logs, including from Microsoft-->
<logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="allfile" />
<!--Skip Microsoft logs and so log only own logs-->
<!--以Microsoft打头的日志将进入此路由,由于此路由没有writeTo属性,所有会被忽略-->
<!--且此路由设置了final,所以当此路由被匹配到时。不会再匹配此路由下面的路由。未匹配到此路由时才会继续匹配下一个路由-->
<logger name="Microsoft.*" minlevel="Trace" final="true" />
<!--上方已经过滤了所有Microsoft.*的日志,所以此处的日志只会打印除Microsoft.*外的日志-->
<logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="ownFile-web" />
</rules>
</nlog>
四、在Controller控制器中使用Nlog,引入名称控件using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging; 在控制器构造函数中注入logger对象
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
namespace PayAPI.AllInPay.Controllers
{
[Route("api/allin/[controller]")]
[ApiController]
public class BaseController : Controller
{
public readonly ILogger<BaseController> logger;
public BaseControllerILogger<BaseController> _logger)
{
logger = _logger;
}
}
}
五、在其他自定义函数中使用,引入名称空间NLog,可以在函数所在类中声明一个NLog实例
using NLog;
Logger logger = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();
也可以单独写一个NLog类供其他函数使用
using NLog;
using System;
namespace PayAPI.Common
{
public class NLogHelper
{
private static Logger log = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();
public static void Error(object msg, Exception exp = null)
{
if (exp == null)
log.Error(msg);
else
log.Error(msg + "\r\n " + exp.ToString());
}
public static void Error(string msg)
{
log.Error(msg);
}
public static void APPError(string msg)
{
log.Error(msg);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">错误描述</param>
/// <param name="msgf">错误来源</param>
/// <param name="exp">Exception错误</param>
public static void Error(object msg, string msgf = "", Exception exp = null)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(msgf))
{
msg = msgf + "\r\n " + msg;
}
if (exp == null)
log.Error(msg);
else
log.Error(msg + "\r\n " + exp.ToString());
}
public static void Debug(object msg, Exception exp = null)
{
if (exp == null)
log.Debug(msg);
else
log.Debug(msg + "\r\n " + exp.ToString());
}
public static void Debug(string msg)
{
log.Debug(msg);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">错误描述</param>
/// <param name="msgf">错误来源</param>
/// <param name="exp">Exception错误</param>
public static void Debug(object msg, string msgf = "", Exception exp = null)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(msgf))
{
msg = msgf + "\r\n " + msg;
}
if (exp == null)
log.Debug(msg);
else
log.Debug(msg + "\r\n " + exp.ToString());
}
//public static void Info(string msg)
//{
// if (!islog) return;
// log.Info(msg);
//}
public static void Info(string msg, Exception exp = null)
{
if (exp == null)
log.Info(msg);
else
log.Info(msg + "\r\n " + exp.ToString());
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">错误描述</param>
/// <param name="msgf">错误来源</param>
/// <param name="exp">Exception错误</param>
public static void Info(object msg, string msgf = "", Exception exp = null)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(msgf))
{
msg = msgf + "\r\n " + msg;
}
if (exp == null)
log.Info(msg);
else
log.Info(msg + "\r\n " + exp.ToString());
}
public static void Warn(string msg)
{
log.Warn(msg);
}
public static void Warn(object msg, Exception exp = null)
{
if (exp == null)
log.Warn(msg);
else
log.Warn(msg + "\r\n " + exp.ToString());
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">错误描述</param>
/// <param name="msgf">错误来源</param>
/// <param name="exp">Exception错误</param>
public static void Warn(object msg, string msgf = "", Exception exp = null)
{
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(msgf))
{
msg = msgf + "\r\n " + msg;
}
if (exp == null)
log.Warn(msg);
else
log.Warn(msg + "\r\n " + exp.ToString());
}
}
}
以上使用Nlog组件,根据NLog配置文件中的设置信息, 会在编译生成目标文件的相对路径下生成logs文件夹来记录日志,日志按天来记录。