TCP套接字通信可以类比电话机(server),接听方法流程如下:
socket-------安装电话机
bind-------分配电话号码
listen-------连接电话线
accept---------拿起话筒
打电话端(client)只需要如下两个函数:
socket----------安装电话机
connect---------拨号
实例(只能处理单一请求)
服务器端接受连接请求,向请求的客户端返回“HelloWorld!”:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
void error_handling(char *message);
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
int serv_sock;
int clnt_sock;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
struct sockaddr_in clnt_addr;
socklen_t clnt_addr_size;
char message[]="hello world!";
if(argc != 2){
printf("Usage : %s <port>\n",argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
serv_sock = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(serv_sock == -1){
error_handling("socket() error");
}
memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
serv_addr.sin_port=htons(atoi(argv[1]));
if(bind(serv_sock,(struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1){
error_handling("bind() error");
}
if(listen(serv_sock,5) == -1){
error_handling("listen() error");
}
clnt_addr_size = sizeof(clnt_addr);
clnt_sock = accept(serv_sock,(struct sockaddr *)&clnt_addr,&clnt_addr_size);
if(clnt_sock == -1){
error_handling("accept() error");
}
write(clnt_sock,message,sizeof(message));
close(clnt_sock);
close(serv_sock);
return 0;
}
void error_handling(char *message){
fputs(message,stderr);
fputs("\n",stderr);
exit(1);
}
client客户端实现代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
void error_handling(char *message);
int main(int argc,char *argv[]){
int sock;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
char message[30];
int str_len;
if(argc != 3){
printf("Usage : %s <IP> <port>\n",argv[0]);
exit(1);
}
sock = socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
if(sock == -1){
error_handling("socket() error");
}
memset(&serv_addr,0,sizeof(serv_addr));
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
if(connect(sock,(struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1){
error_handling("connect() error\r\n");
}
str_len = read(sock,message,sizeof(message)-1);
if(str_len == -1)
{
error_handling("read() error");
}
printf("Message from server : %s \n",message);
close(sock);
return 0;
}
void error_handling(char *message){
fputs(message,stderr);
fputs("\n",stderr);
exit(1);
}
运行结果:
服务器端运行:
客户端运行、服务端反馈结果: