timer是一个很小的库,提供简易的时间度量和进度显示,包括timer、progress_timer、progress_display三个类。不适合高精度的时间测量任务,精度依赖于操作系统或编译器,可提供的最大时间跨度只有几百个小时,不适合大跨度的时间段测量。
timer类
先来看一下标准库如何计时:
#include <iostream>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
clock_t begin, end;
begin = clock();
for (long i=0; i<1000000; ++i);
end = clock();
cout << "loop time is:" << (double)(end-begin) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC << endl;
system("pause");
}
使用了标准库<ctime>头文件中的clock(),它返回自进程启动以来的clock数,每秒的clock数由宏CLOCKS_PER_SEC定义。在win32下是1000,在linux下是1000000。也就是说在win32下的精度为毫秒,在linux下的精度为微妙。
再看timer类源码
// boost timer.hpp header file ---------------------------------------------//
// Copyright Beman Dawes 1994-99. Distributed under the Boost
// Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file
// LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
// See http://www.boost.org/libs/timer for documentation.
// Revision History
// 01 Apr 01 Modified to use new <boost/limits.hpp> header. (JMaddock)
// 12 Jan 01 Change to inline implementation to allow use without library
// builds. See docs for more rationale. (Beman Dawes)
// 25 Sep 99 elapsed_max() and elapsed_min() added (John Maddock)
// 16 Jul 99 Second beta
// 6 Jul 99 Initial boost version
#ifndef BOOST_TIMER_HPP
#define BOOST_TIMER_HPP
#include <boost/config.hpp>
#include <ctime>
#include <boost/limits.hpp>
# ifdef BOOST_NO_STDC_NAMESPACE
namespace std { using ::clock_t; using ::clock; }
# endif
namespace boost {
// timer -------------------------------------------------------------------//
// A timer object measures elapsed time.
// It is recommended that implementations measure wall clock rather than CPU
// time since the intended use is performance measurement on systems where
// total elapsed time is more important than just process or CPU time.
// Warnings: The maximum measurable elapsed time may well be only 596.5+ hours
// due to implementation limitations. The accuracy of timings depends on the
// accuracy of timing information provided by the underlying platform, and
// this varies a great deal from platform to platform.
class timer
{
public:
timer() { _start_time = std::clock(); } // postcondition: elapsed()==0
// timer( const timer& src ); // post: elapsed()==src.elapsed()
// ~timer(){}
// timer& operator=( const timer& src ); // post: elapsed()==src.elapsed()
void restart() { _start_time = std::clock(); } // post: elapsed()==0
double elapsed() const // return elapsed time in seconds
{ return double(std::clock() - _start_time) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC; }
double elapsed_max() const // return estimated maximum value for elapsed()
// Portability warning: elapsed_max() may return too high a value on systems
// where std::clock_t overflows or resets at surprising values.
{
return (double((std::numeric_limits<std::clock_t>::max)())
- double(_start_time)) / double(CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
}
double elapsed_min() const // return minimum value for elapsed()
{ return double(1)/double(CLOCKS_PER_SEC); }
private:
std::clock_t _start_time;
}; // timer
} // namespace boost
#endif // BOOST_TIMER_HPP
timer也使用了标准库<ctime>头文件中的clock(),timer对象一旦被声明,构造函数就启动计时,之后可以用elapsed测量自创建到elapsed()被调用所流逝的时间。如
#include <boost/timer.hpp> //头文件
#include <iostream>
using namespace boost; //命名空间
using namespace std;
int main()
{
timer t; //timer对象一旦被创建,它的构造函数就启动了计时工作
for(int i=0; i<1000; ++i)
for (int j=0; j<1000; ++j);
cout << t.elapsed() << "s" << endl; //调用elapsed()测量自创建后流逝的时间
system("pause");
}
progress_timer类
progress_timer继承自timer,可以像用timer的用法用progress_timer。progress_timer更简单,只需要声明progress_timer对象即可,在析构时会自动输出流逝的时间。#include <boost/progress.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
void func()
{
progress_timer pt;
for(long i=0; i<1000000; ++i);
}
int main()
{
func();
system("pause");
}
progress_display类
progress_display可以在控制台上显示程序执行进度,它的构造函数接受一个long型的参数作为进度显示的基数,之后显示一个进度条界面,重载的操作符+=和++用来增加基数,成员count()可返回当前计数。#include <boost/progress.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace boost;
using namespace std;
void func()
{
progress_display pd(10000000);
for(int i=0; i<10000000; ++i) {
++pd;
}
}
int main()
{
func();
system("pause");
}