Java图片杀毒、格式校验、压缩

记录下图片工具类中杀毒、格式校验、压缩相关功能

PS：压缩需要用到thumbnailator，需要引入pom。

<dependency>
     <groupId>net.coobird</groupId>
     <artifactId>thumbnailator</artifactId>
     <version>0.4.20</version>
 </dependency>

package com.dh.demos.web;

import lombok.Data;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import net.coobird.thumbnailator.Thumbnails;
import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.imageio.ImageReader;
import javax.imageio.stream.MemoryCacheImageInputStream;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Base64.Decoder;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author : lssffy
 * @Description : 图片处理工具类
 * @date : 2023/9/5 14:30
 */
@Slf4j
public class ImageUtils {


    public static final int DEFAULT_DOUBLE_BYTES = 1024;

    public static final List<String> IMG_WHITE_LIST = new ArrayList<String>();

    static {
        IMG_WHITE_LIST.add("jpg");
        IMG_WHITE_LIST.add("jpeg");
    }

    /**
     * @param imageBytes 源图片字节数组
     * @param fileSize   指定图片大小，单位kb 限定200-500kb
     * @return 压缩质量后的图片字节数组
     * @author : lssffy
     * @Description :   根据指定大小压缩图片，通过重新调整图片尺寸，可以去除图片文件中包含恶意代码，完成病毒扫描
     */
    public static byte[] compressImageForScale(byte[] imageBytes, long fileSize) {
        if (imageBytes == null || imageBytes.length <= 0 || imageBytes.length < fileSize * DEFAULT_DOUBLE_BYTES) {
            return imageBytes;
        }
        long size = imageBytes.length;
        double accuracy = getAccuracy(fileSize / DEFAULT_DOUBLE_BYTES);
        try {
            while (imageBytes.length > fileSize * DEFAULT_DOUBLE_BYTES) {
                ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes);
                ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(imageBytes.length);
                Thumbnails.of(inputStream).scale(accuracy).outputQuality(accuracy).toOutputStream(outputStream);
                imageBytes = outputStream.toByteArray();
            }
            log.info("图片压缩前大小=" + size / DEFAULT_DOUBLE_BYTES + "kb,图片压缩后大小=" + imageBytes.length / DEFAULT_DOUBLE_BYTES + "kb");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("图片压缩失败,异常:{}", e);
            return null;
        }
        return imageBytes;
    }


    /**
     * @param size 源图片大小
     * @return 图片压缩质量比
     * @author : lssffy
     * @Description : 自动调节精度 （经验数值）
     */
    public static double getAccuracy(long size) {
        double accuracy;
        if ((size < 900)) {
            accuracy = 0.85;
        } else if (size < 2048) {
            accuracy = 0.72;
        } else if (size < 3275) {
            accuracy = 0.66;
        } else {
            accuracy = 0.64;
        }
        return accuracy;
    }

    /**
     * @param imgObject    图片对象
     * @param imgBase64Str 图片base64字符串
     * @return 返回true 则是jpg jpeg的图片文件
     * @author : lssffy
     * @Description : 图片防篡改，检测文件的真是格式，限定jpg jpeg，可以过滤掉大部分病毒、木马、WebShell，其他恶意脚本文件
     */
    public static boolean preventImageTamper(Object imgObject, String imgBase64Str) {
        Decoder decoder = Base64.getDecoder();
        byte[] bs = decoder.decode(imgBase64Str);
        for (int i = 0; i < bs.length; i++) {
            if (bs[i] < 0) {
                bs[i] += 256;
            }
        }
        boolean flag = false;
        try {
            boolean f1 = checkImageFirst(imgObject);
            if (f1) {
                boolean f2 = checkImageType(bs);
                boolean f3 = checkImageRelType(bs);
                if (f2 == true && f3 == true) {
                    flag = true;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("图片格式检查出错,异常:{}", e);
            throw new IllegalStateException("图片格式检查出错");
        }
        return flag;
    }

    /**
     * @param imageObject
     * @return
     * @author : lssffy
     * @Description : 通过文件后缀名判断是否是图片格式
     */
    public static boolean checkImageFirst(Object imageObject) {
        boolean flag = false;
        ImgDataDTO imgDataDTO = (ImgDataDTO) imageObject;
        String fileName = imgDataDTO.getImgName();
        String fileExtension = "";
        fileExtension = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1).toLowerCase();
        if (IMG_WHITE_LIST.contains(fileExtension)) {
            flag = true;
        }
        return flag;
    }


    /**
     * @param bytes
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     * @author : lssffy
     * @Description : 通过ImageIO来判断文件是否真正的图片格式
     */
    public static boolean checkImageType(byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
        Image img = null;
        ByteArrayInputStream in = null;
        try {
            in = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
            img = ImageIO.read(in);
            if (img == null || img.getWidth(null) <= 0 || img.getHeight(null) <= 0) {
                return false;
            }
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("图片文件检查出错,异常{}", e);
            return false;
        } finally {
            img = null;
            if (in != null) {
                in.close();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @param bytes
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     * @author : lssffy
     * @Description : 判断文件是否未经篡改的真是JPEG、jpg图片
     */
    public static boolean checkImageRelType(byte[] bytes) throws Exception {
        boolean ret = false;
        ByteArrayInputStream in = null;
        MemoryCacheImageInputStream mcis = null;
        try {
            in = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
            mcis = new MemoryCacheImageInputStream(in);
            Iterator<ImageReader> it = ImageIO.getImageReaders(mcis);
            if (!it.hasNext()) {
                log.error("非图片文件");
                throw new IOException("上传的不是真正的图片文件");
            }
            ImageReader reader = it.next();
            String formatName = reader.getFormatName().toLowerCase();
            log.info("文件真实格式为:{}", formatName);
            if (formatName != null && IMG_WHITE_LIST.contains(formatName)) {
                ret = true;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("图片文件检查出错,异常:{}", e);
        } finally {
            if (mcis != null) {
                mcis.close();
            }
        }
        return ret;
    }


    /**
     * @param imgBase64Str
     * @return
     * @author : lssffy
     * @Description : 转换图片，压缩图片
     */
    public static byte[] uploadFileToByte(String imgBase64Str) {
        if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(imgBase64Str)) {
            return null;
        }
        Decoder decoder = Base64.getMimeDecoder();
        byte[] bs;
        try {
            bs = decoder.decode(imgBase64Str);
            for (int i = 0; i < bs.length; i++) {
                if (bs[i] < 0) {
                    bs[i] += 256;
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Base64转换图片报错,异常:{}", e);
            return null;
        }
        log.info("图片压缩前大小" + bs.length / DEFAULT_DOUBLE_BYTES + "kb");
        bs = compressImageForScale(bs, 500);
        log.info("图片压缩后大小" + bs.length / DEFAULT_DOUBLE_BYTES + "kb");
        return bs;
    }
}

/**
 * @author : lssffy
 * @Description : 照片数据流
 */
@Data
class ImgDataDTO {
    private String imgName;
    private String imgDataByte;
}