我们编写程序,经常使用到jdk的Math类,然而,Math里面许多数学函数方法是直接调用的StrictMath类里面的方法,而这些函数方法在StrictMath里面的形式是调用本地的非Java代码的接口,使用native关键字进行修饰
Math中的部分代码(从java.lang.Math类中提取的部分代码)
package java.lang;
import java.util.Random;
import sun.misc.FloatConsts;
import sun.misc.DoubleConsts;
public final class Math {
/**
* Don't let anyone instantiate this class.
*/
private Math() {
}
public static final double E = 2.7182818284590452354;
public static final double PI = 3.14159265358979323846;
public static double sin(double a) {
return StrictMath.sin(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double cos(double a) {
return StrictMath.cos(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double tan(double a) {
return StrictMath.tan(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double asin(double a) {
return StrictMath.asin(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double acos(double a) {
return StrictMath.acos(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double atan(double a) {
return StrictMath.atan(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double exp(double a) {
return StrictMath.exp(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double log(double a) {
return StrictMath.log(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double log10(double a) {
return StrictMath.log10(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double sqrt(double a) {
return StrictMath.sqrt(a); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
// Note that hardware sqrt instructions
// frequently can be directly used by JITs
// and should be much faster than doing
// Math.sqrt in software.
}
public static double cbrt(double a) {
return StrictMath.cbrt(a);
}
public static double atan2(double y, double x) {
return StrictMath.atan2(y, x); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double pow(double a, double b) {
return StrictMath.pow(a, b); // default impl. delegates to StrictMath
}
public static double sinh(double x) {
return StrictMath.sinh(x);
}
public static double cosh(double x) {
return StrictMath.cosh(x);
}
public static double tanh(double x) {
return StrictMath.tanh(x);
}
public static double hypot(double x, double y) {
return StrictMath.hypot(x, y);
}
public static double expm1(double x) {
return StrictMath.expm1(x);
}
public static double log1p(double x) {
return StrictMath.log1p(x);
}
}
StrictMath中的部分代码:
package java.lang;
import java.util.Random;
import sun.misc.DoubleConsts;
public final class StrictMath {
/**
* Don't let anyone instantiate this class.
*/
private StrictMath() {
}
public static final double E = 2.7182818284590452354;
public static final double PI = 3.14159265358979323846;
public static native double sin(double a);
public static native double cos(double a);
public static native double tan(double a);
public static native double asin(double a);
public static native double acos(double a);
public static native double atan(double a);
public static native double exp(double a);
public static native double log(double a);
public static native double log10(double a);
public static native double sqrt(double a);
public static native double cbrt(double a);
public static native double atan2(double y, double x);
public static native double pow(double a, double b);
public static native double sinh(double x);
public static native double cosh(double x);
public static native double tanh(double x);
public static native double hypot(double x, double y);
public static native double expm1(double x);
public static native double log1p(double x);
}
根据上面的代码,可以看出,Math类的中的方法实现调用的StrictMath来实现,而在StrictMath类中方法用native修饰,表明调用的并非java代码,而是其它的,这里便是C代码来实现这些方法的,而这些源码在jdk中是没有公布的,根据注释可以获知这些
C的实现来之ftp://ftp.netlib.org/fdlibm.tar这里,但是却不能访问,于是百度netlib发现在http://www.netlib.org/liblist.html下的fdlibm中,使用C代码来实现这些基本的函数好处就是提高运行的效率
总结:
两个类的相同点:都是实现了基本的数学方法,都有互相调用的地方
不同点:两个类的所有相同方法中,Math类调用了StrictMath类的方法,而且都是用native修饰,C代码实现的方法