leetcode String to Integer (atoi)

题目：

Implement atoi to convert a string to an integer.

Hint: Carefully consider all possible input cases. If you want a challenge, please do not see below and ask yourself what are the possible input cases.

Notes: It is intended for this problem to be specified vaguely (ie, no given input specs). You are responsible to gather all the input requirements up front.

解题思路：

1. null or empty string
2. white spaces
3. +/- sign
4. calculate real value
5. handle min & max

代码：

public int atoi(String str) {
        double result = 0;
        char flag = '+';
        int i = 0;

        if (str == null || str.length() == 0)
            return 0;

        str = str.trim();

        if (str.charAt(0) == '+') {
            flag = '+';
            i++;
        } else if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
            flag = '-';
            i++;
        }
        while (i < str.length() && str.charAt(i) >= '0' && str.charAt(i) <= '9') {
            result = 10 * result + (str.charAt(i) - '0');
            i++;
        }
        if (flag == '-')
            result = -result;
        if (result > Integer.MAX_VALUE)
            return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
        else if (result < Integer.MIN_VALUE)
            return Integer.MIN_VALUE;

        return (int) result;
    }