【django+xadmin实战】0129笔记——models的设计

model层的创建

1.userModel的设计
（1）把新建的user继承已经存在的user类，使得更加方便；
    class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
        nick_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"昵称", default="")
        birthday = models.DateField(verbose_name=u"生日", null=True, blank=True)
        gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male", u"男"), ("female", "女")), default="female")
        address = models.CharField(max_length=100, default=u"")
        mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, null=True, blank=True)
        image = models.ImageField(upload_to="image/%Y/%m", default=u"image/default.png", max_length=100)

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = "用户信息"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

        def __unicode__(self):
            return self.username
（2）在settings中注册信息，AUTH_USER_MODEL = "users.UserProfile"，使得继承重载
（3）使用makemigration和migrate命令进行迁移
（4）加入邮箱验证码和首页轮播图的model信息
    class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):
        code = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"验证码")
        email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"邮箱")
        send_type = models.CharField(verbose_name=u"验证码类型", choices=(("register",u"注册"),("forget",u"找回密码"), ("update_email",u"修改邮箱")), max_length=30)
        send_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name=u"发送时间", default=datetime.now)

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = u"邮箱验证码"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

        def __unicode__(self):
            return '{0}({1})'.format(self.code, self.email)

    class Banner(models.Model):
        title = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"标题")
        image = models.ImageField(upload_to="banner/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"轮播图", max_length=100)
        url = models.URLField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"访问地址")
        index = models.IntegerField(default=100, verbose_name=u"顺序")
        add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = u"轮播图"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


2.courseModel的设计
（1）class Course(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"课程名")
    desc = models.CharField(max_length=300, verbose_name=u"课程描述")
    detail = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"课程详情")
    degree = models.CharField(verbose_name=u"难度", choices=(("cj", "初级"), ("zj", "中级"), ("gj","高级")), max_length=2)
    learn_times = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"学习时长(分钟数)")
    students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'学习人数')
    fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u'收藏人数')
    image = models.ImageField(upload_to="courses/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"封面图", max_length=100)
    click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

（2）django不存在一对多或者多对对于一的关系，只存在外键的映射；

（3）外键的设置
    class BannerCourse(Course):
        class Meta:
            verbose_name = "轮播课程"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
            proxy = True


    class Lesson(models.Model):
        course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
        name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"章节名")
        add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = u"章节"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


    class Video(models.Model):
        lesson = models.ForeignKey(Lesson, verbose_name=u"章节")
        name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"视频名")
        add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = u"视频"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


    class CourseResource(models.Model):
        course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
        name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"名称")
        download = models.FileField(upload_to="course/resource/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"资源文件", max_length=100)
        add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = u"课程资源"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

3.organizationModel的设计:
    class CityDict(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"城市")
        desc = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"描述")
        add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = u"城市"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


    class CourseOrg(models.Model):
        name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"机构名称")
        desc = models.TextField(verbose_name=u"机构描述")
        tag = models.CharField(default="全国知名", max_length=10, verbose_name=u"机构标签")
        category = models.CharField(default="pxjg", verbose_name=u"机构类别", max_length=20, choices=(("pxjg", "培训机构"), ("gr", "个人"), ("gx", "高校")))
        click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
        fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
        image = models.ImageField(upload_to="org/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"logo", max_length=100)
        address = models.CharField(max_length=150, verbose_name=u"机构地址")
        students = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"学习人数")
        course_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"课程数")
        add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)
        city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict, verbose_name=u"所在城市")

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = u"课程机构"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


    class Teacher(models.Model):
        org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, verbose_name=u"所属机构")
        name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"教师名")
        work_years = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"工作年限")
        work_company = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"就职公司")
        work_position = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"公司职位")
        points = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"教学特点")
        click_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"点击数")
        fav_nums = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"收藏数")
        age = models.IntegerField(default=18, verbose_name=u"年龄")
        image = models.ImageField(default='', upload_to="teacher/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"头像", max_length=100)
        add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now)

        class Meta:
            verbose_name = u"教师"
            verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


4.operationModel的设计
class UserAsk(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name=u"姓名")
    mobile = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name=u"手机")
    course_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name=u"课程名")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户咨询"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class CourseComments(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
    comments = models.CharField(max_length=200, verbose_name=u"评论")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"课程评论"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserFavorite(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
    fav_id = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"数据id")
    fav_type = models.IntegerField(choices=((1, "课程"), (2, "课程机构"),(3, "讲师")), default=1, verbose_name=u"收藏类型")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户收藏"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserMessage(models.Model):
    user = models.IntegerField(default=0, verbose_name=u"接收用户")
    message = models.CharField(max_length=500, verbose_name=u"消息内容")
    has_read = models.BooleanField(default=False, verbose_name=u"是否已读")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户消息"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name


class UserCourse(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(UserProfile, verbose_name=u"用户")
    course = models.ForeignKey(Course, verbose_name=u"课程")
    add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now, verbose_name=u"添加时间")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"用户课程"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

5.根据上面的model生成相应的表结构
    1)直接使用makemigration命令
    2）新建包-apps
    3）把其余包拖入apps
    4）把apps文件夹makesource
    5）在settings中，把apps文件夹的路径加入进来，sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'apps'))