（二）springmvc--构建一个springmvc web项目

在上文Maven Project的基础上构建springmvc web项目

• 添加引用

右键pom.xml，菜单maven-->Add Dependency ，可以搜索添加spring-mvcweb,maven会将它依赖的其它核心spring包一并添加。再添加一个log4j和一个jstl。

• 配置

首先是web.xml配置，主要配置了Spring view分发器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    <context-param>  
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>  
    </context-param> 
     <!-- Spring监听器 -->  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
    <!-- 防止Spring内存溢出监听器 -->  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
    <!-- Spring的log4j监听器 -->  
    <listener>  
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>  
    </listener>  
    <!-- 字符集 过滤器  -->  
    <filter>  
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>  
            <param-value>true</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
    </filter>  
    <filter-mapping>  
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
    </filter-mapping>  
    <!-- Spring view分发器 -->  
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
        <init-param>  
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>  
        </init-param>  
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
    </servlet>  
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>   
</web-app>

接下来在WEB-INF下新建dispatcher-servlet.xml，主要配置路径解析。其中<mvc:annotation-driven />    会自动注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping与AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter 两个bean，用来分发请求。<context:annotation-config />会自动注入4个processor，用来启用spring mvc注解识别，由于扫包也会自动注册processor，这里就直接移除了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
     <!-- 启用spring mvc 控制器注解  如@Controller @RequestMapping @RequestParam -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />  
    <!-- 扫包 启用spring mvc 注解识别如@Autowired  @Resource-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lucky.study"/>
	
	<!-- 对转向页面的路径解析。prefix：前缀， suffix：后缀 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" >  
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />  
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />  
    </bean>  
</beans>

在src/main/resources下新建一个applicationContext.xml ，可以先没有具体内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/task http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd">  
</beans>

在src/main/resources下添加log4j配置log4j.properties

 ### set log levels ###
log4j.rootLogger = debug ,  stdout ,  D ,  E

### \u8F93\u51FA\u5230\u63A7\u5236\u53F0 ###
log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern =  %d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{ 1 }:%L - %m%n

### \u8F93\u51FA\u5230\u65E5\u5FD7\u6587\u4EF6 ###
log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File = logs/log.log
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = DEBUG ## \u8F93\u51FADEBUG\u7EA7\u522B\u4EE5\u4E0A\u7684\u65E5\u5FD7
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n

### \u4FDD\u5B58\u5F02\u5E38\u4FE1\u606F\u5230\u5355\u72EC\u6587\u4EF6 ###
log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File = logs/error.log ## \u5F02\u5E38\u65E5\u5FD7\u6587\u4EF6\u540D
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = ERROR ## \u53EA\u8F93\u51FAERROR\u7EA7\u522B\u4EE5\u4E0A\u7684\u65E5\u5FD7!!!
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n

• 添加jsp和controller文件

先在src/main/java下新建一个MyController类

package com.lucky.study.cotroller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

@Controller
public class MyController {

	 @RequestMapping(value = "/hellomvc") 
	 public ModelAndView hellomvc() {   
	        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();   
	        mv.addObject("message", "Hello Spring Mvc!");  
	        //设置逻辑视图名，视图解析器会根据该名字解析到具体的视图页面  
	        mv.setViewName("hellomvc");  
	        return mv;                                        
	 }  
}

再在WEB-INF/views下添加一个hellomvc.jsp文件，

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
${message}  
</body>
</html>

运行即可

可能出现的问题
1.添加Dependency时，搜索不到需要的jar包，并提示Index downloads are disabled, search results may be incomplete

可以通过菜单window-->show view-->other...找到maven下面的Maven Repositories，显示仓库界面，一般我们只要关注local Repositories和global Repositories，对它们进行Rebuid Index，如果本地包已经够用只需要Rebuid Index local Repositories。这两个仓库的本地路径和地址都在maven目录下的conf/settings.xml 中配置。

2.添加完jsp标签错误

尝试右键项目属性菜单，在Java Build Path界面的Libraries选项卡，添加Add Library ，选择Server Runtime-->选择对应tomact。