Gas Station

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Leetcode问题: There are  N  gas stations along a circular route, where the amount of gas at station  i  is  gas[i] .

You have a car with an unlimited gas tank and it costs cost[i] of gas to travel from station i to its next station (i+1). You begin the journey with an empty tank at one of the gas stations.

Return the starting gas station's index if you can travel around the circuit once, otherwise return -1.

Note:The solution is guaranteed to be unique.

思路:最初的思路,首先知道gas[i]-cost[i]才是要研究的数据。从出发点开始,所有累计的gas-cost都必须不能为负。于是第一个思路就是对于每个点假定为出发点,然后走一圈试试。这个方法的复杂度是O(N*N)的。后来想如何才能只遍历一遍就计算出结果。联想到另一个问题《数组的最大子序列和》,那个问题的最优解就是只遍历一遍,其中当累积的和为负数时,马上归零,重新开始累积,并且不回头。后来发现,这个方法可以解决当前问题。

注意到这个问题的一个条件:如果问题有解,那就有唯一解。什么情况下没解呢?数组总和为负的情况一定没有解;数组总和为正就一定有解吗?(这个我现在还没想明白!)

在遍历的时候记录累积和sum,如果sum为负数马上归零。这样可以保证,从sum所含的第一个位置开始到当前的位置的累积和都是非负的(满足题意的)。当sum为负数时,为什么不需要回溯呢?因为sum为负是刚刚遇到的这个数造成的,不管回溯到哪儿,遇到这个数必然还会为负。因此不需回溯,从下一个开始重新累积sum。

因为问题只有唯一解,所以一次遍历下来就能找到结果。

class Solution {
public:
    int canCompleteCircuit(vector<int> &gas, vector<int> &cost) {
        
        int i;
        vector<int> value;
        int total = 0;
        int n = gas.size();
        for(i=0;i<n;i++)
        {
            value.push_back(gas[i] - cost[i]);
            total += value[i];
        }
        
        if(total < 0)
            return -1;
        
        int sum = 0;
        int idx = 0;
        for(i=0;i<n;i++)
        {
            sum += value[i];
            if(sum < 0)
            {
                sum = 0;
                idx = i+1;
            }
        }
        return idx;
    }
};



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用c++解决pipeline system consists of N transfer station, some of which are connected by pipelines. For each of M pipelines the numbers of stations A[i] and B[i], which are connected by this pipeline, and its profitability C[i] are known. A profitability of a pipeline is an amount of dollars, which will be daily yielded in taxes by transferring the gas through this pipeline. Each two stations are connected by not more than one pipeline. The system was built by Soviet engineers, who knew exactly, that the gas was transferred from Ukrainian gas fields to Siberia and not the reverse. That is why the pipelines are unidirectional, i.e. each pipeline allows gas transfer from the station number A[i] to the station number B[i] only. More over, if it is possible to transfer the gas from the station X to the station Y (perhaps, through some intermediate stations), then the reverse transfer from Y to X is impossible. It is known that the gas arrives to the starting station number S and should be dispatched to the buyers on the final station number F. The President ordered the Government to find a route (i.e. a linear sequence of stations which are connected by pipelines) to transfer the gas from the starting to the final station. A profitability of this route should be maximal. A profitability of a route is a total profitability of its pipelines. Unfortunately, the President did not consider that some pipelines ceased to exist long ago, and, as a result, the gas transfer between the starting and the final stations may appear to be impossible... Input The first line contains the integer numbers N (2 ≤ N ≤ 500) and M (0 ≤ M ≤ 124750). Each of the next M lines contains the integer numbers A[i], B[i] (1 ≤ A[i], B[i] ≤ N) and C[i] (1 ≤ C[i] ≤ 10000) for the corresponding pipeline. The last line contains the integer numbers S and F (1 ≤ S, F ≤ N; S ≠ F). Output If the desired route exists, you should output its profitability. Otherwise you should output "No solution".
最新发布
05-28
这是一个经典的图论问题,可以使用Dijkstra算法或Bellman-Ford算法解决。以下是使用Dijkstra算法的步骤: 1. 定义一个数组dist,其中dist[i]表示从起点S到第i个站点的最大收益。 2. 初始化dist数组,将起点S的dist[S]赋值为0,其他点的dist[i]赋值为负无穷。 3. 定义一个优先队列pq,将起点S加入队列中。 4. 当pq非空时,取出队列中dist最小的站点u。 5. 对于每个与站点u相邻的站点v,如果通过从u到v的边可以获得更高的收益,则更新dist[v]为dist[u]+边(u,v)的收益,并将v加入队列pq中。 6. 重复步骤4和步骤5,直到队列pq为空。 7. 最终dist[F]即为最大收益。如果dist[F]为负无穷,则表示从起点S无法到达终点F,输出"No solution"。 以下是使用Dijkstra算法解决此问题的C++代码实现: ```c++ #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <queue> using namespace std; const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f; int main() { int n, m, s, f; cin >> n >> m; vector<vector<pair<int, int>>> g(n + 1); for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) { int a, b, c; cin >> a >> b >> c; g[a].push_back({b, c}); } cin >> s >> f; vector<int> dist(n + 1, -INF); dist[s] = 0; priority_queue<pair<int, int>> pq; pq.push({0, s}); while (!pq.empty()) { int u = pq.top().second; pq.pop(); for (auto p : g[u]) { int v = p.first; int w = p.second; if (dist[v] < dist[u] + w) { dist[v] = dist[u] + w; pq.push({dist[v], v}); } } } if (dist[f] == -INF) cout << "No solution" << endl; else cout << dist[f] << endl; return 0; } ```

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