linux源码安装--configure

使用 ./configure –help可以查看configure的相关配置，显示内容如下：

`configure'configures this package to adapt to many kinds of systems.

 

Usage:./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...

 

Toassign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as

VAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of theuseful variables.

 

Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.

 

Configuration:

  -h, --help              display this help and exit

      --help=short        display options specific to thispackage

      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the includedpackages

  -V, --version           display version information and exit

  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking...' messages

      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]

  -C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'

  -n, --no-create         do not create output files

      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure diror `..']

 

Installationdirectories:

  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX

                          [/usr/local]

  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX

                          [PREFIX]

 

Bydefault, `make install' will install all the files in

`/usr/local/bin',`/usr/local/lib' etc.  You can specify

aninstallation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',

forinstance `--prefix=$HOME'.

 

Forbetter control, use the options below.

 

Finetuning of the installation directories:

  --bindir=DIR            user executables [EPREFIX/bin]

  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables[EPREFIX/sbin]

  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]

  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data[PREFIX/etc]

  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data[PREFIX/com]

  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data[PREFIX/var]

  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]

  --includedir=DIR        C header files [PREFIX/include]

  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]

  --datarootdir=DIR       read-only arch.-independent data root[PREFIX/share]

  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independentdata [DATAROOTDIR]

  --infodir=DIR           info documentation[DATAROOTDIR/info]

  --localedir=DIR         locale-dependent data[DATAROOTDIR/locale]

  --mandir=DIR            man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]

  --docdir=DIR            documentation root[DATAROOTDIR/doc/PACKAGE]

  --htmldir=DIR           html documentation [DOCDIR]

  --dvidir=DIR            dvi documentation [DOCDIR]

  --pdfdir=DIR            pdf documentation [DOCDIR]

  --psdir=DIR             ps documentation [DOCDIR]

 

Programnames:

  --program-prefix=PREFIX            prepend PREFIX to installed programnames

  --program-suffix=SUFFIX            append SUFFIX to installed programnames

  --program-transform-name=PROGRAM   run sed PROGRAM on installed program names

 

Systemtypes:

  --build=BUILD     configure for building on BUILD [guessed]

  --host=HOST       cross-compile to build programs to runon HOST [BUILD]

  --target=TARGET   configure for building compilers for TARGET[HOST]

 

OptionalFeatures:

  --disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options

  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as--enable-FEATURE=no)

  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]

  --enable-as-accelerator-for=ARG

                          build as offloadtarget compiler. Specify offload

                          host triple by ARG

  --enable-offload-targets=LIST

                          enable offloading todevices from comma-separated

                          LIST of TARGET[=DIR].Use optional path to find

                          offload targetcompiler during the build

  --enable-gold[=ARG]     build gold [ARG={default,yes,no}]

  --enable-ld[=ARG]       build ld [ARG={default,yes,no}]

  --disable-libquadmath   do not build libquadmath directory

  --disable-libquadmath-support

                          disable libquadmathsupport for Fortran

  --enable-libada         build libada directory

  --enable-libssp         build libssp directory

  --disable-libstdcxx     do not build libstdc++-v3 directory

  --enable-liboffloadmic=ARG

                          build liboffloadmic[ARG={no,host,target}]

  --enable-static-libjava[=ARG]

                          build static libjava[default=no]

  --enable-bootstrap      enable bootstrapping [yes if nativebuild]

  --disable-isl-version-check

                          disable check for ISLversion

  --enable-lto           enable link timeoptimization support

  --enable-linker-plugin-configure-flags=FLAGS

                          additional flags forconfiguring linker plugins

                          [none]

  --enable-linker-plugin-flags=FLAGS

                          additional flags for configuring andbuilding linker

                          plugins [none]

  --enable-stage1-languages[=all]

                          choose additionallanguages to build during stage1.

                          Mostly useful forcompiler development

  --enable-objc-gc        enable use of Boehm's garbage collectorwith the GNU

                          Objective-C runtime

  --enable-vtable-verify    Enable vtable verification feature

  --enable-serial-[{host,target,build}-]configure

                          force sequentialconfiguration of sub-packages for

                          the host, target orbuild machine, or all

                          sub-packages

  --enable-maintainer-mode

                          enable make rules anddependencies not useful (and

                          sometimes confusing)to the casual installer

  --enable-stage1-checking[=all]

                          choose additionalchecking for stage1 of the

                          compiler

  --enable-werror         enable -Werror in bootstrap stage2 andlater

  --enable-host-shared    build host code as shared libraries

 

OptionalPackages:

  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]

  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)

  --with-build-libsubdir=DIR  Directory where to find libraries for buildsystem

  --with-mpc=PATH         specify prefix directory for installedMPC package.

                          Equivalent to--with-mpc-include=PATH/include plus

                          --with-mpc-lib=PATH/lib

  --with-mpc-include=PATH specify directory forinstalled MPC include files

  --with-mpc-lib=PATH     specify directory for the installed MPClibrary

  --with-mpfr-dir=PATH    this option has been REMOVED

  --with-mpfr=PATH        specify prefix directory for installedMPFR package.

                          Equivalent to--with-mpfr-include=PATH/include plus

                         --with-mpfr-lib=PATH/lib

  --with-mpfr-include=PATH

                          specify directory forinstalled MPFR include files

  --with-mpfr-lib=PATH    specify directory for the installed MPFRlibrary

  --with-gmp-dir=PATH     this option has been REMOVED

  --with-gmp=PATH         specify prefix directory for theinstalled GMP

                          package. Equivalent to

                         --with-gmp-include=PATH/include plus

                         --with-gmp-lib=PATH/lib

  --with-gmp-include=PATH specify directory forinstalled GMP include files

  --with-gmp-lib=PATH     specify directory for the installed GMPlibrary

  --with-host-libstdcxx=L use linker argumentsL to link with libstdc++ when

                          linking with PPL

  --with-stage1-libs=LIBS libraries for stage1

  --with-stage1-ldflags=FLAGS

                          linker flags for stage1

  --with-boot-libs=LIBS   libraries for stage2 and later

  --with-boot-ldflags=FLAGS

                          linker flags forstage2 and later

  --with-isl=PATH         Specify prefix directory for the installedISL

                          package. Equivalentto

                         --with-isl-include=PATH/include plus

                         --with-isl-lib=PATH/lib

  --with-isl-include=PATH Specify directory forinstalled ISL include files

  --with-isl-lib=PATH     Specify the directory for the installedISL library

  --with-build-sysroot=SYSROOT

                          use sysroot as thesystem root during the build

  --with-debug-prefix-map='A=B C=D ...'

                          map A to B, C to D... in debug information

  --with-build-config='NAME NAME2...'

                          use config/NAME.mkbuild configuration

  --with-build-time-tools=PATH

                          use given path tofind target tools during the build

 

Someinfluential environment variables:

  CC         C compiler command

  CFLAGS     C compiler flags

  LDFLAGS    linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a

              nonstandard directory <libdir>

  LIBS       libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>

  CPPFLAGS   C/C++/Objective C preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if

              you have headers in a nonstandarddirectory <include dir>

  CXX        C++ compiler command

  CXXFLAGS   C++ compiler flags

  build_configargs

              additional configure arguments forbuild directories

  host_configargs

              additional configure argumentsfor host directories

  target_configargs

              additional configure argumentsfor target directories

  AR         AR for the host

  AS         AS for the host

  DLLTOOL    DLLTOOL for the host

  LD         LD for the host

  LIPO       LIPO for the host

  NM         NM for the host

  RANLIB     RANLIB for the host

  STRIP      STRIP for the host

  WINDRES    WINDRES for the host

  WINDMC     WINDMC for the host

  OBJCOPY    OBJCOPY for the host

  OBJDUMP    OBJDUMP for the host

  READELF    READELF for the host

  CC_FOR_TARGET

              CC for the target

  CXX_FOR_TARGET

              CXX for the target

  GCC_FOR_TARGET

              GCC for the target

  GCJ_FOR_TARGET

              GCJ for the target

  GFORTRAN_FOR_TARGET

              GFORTRAN for the target

  GOC_FOR_TARGET

              GOC for the target

  AR_FOR_TARGET

              AR for the target

  AS_FOR_TARGET

              AS for the target

  DLLTOOL_FOR_TARGET

              DLLTOOL for the target

  LD_FOR_TARGET

              LD for the target

  LIPO_FOR_TARGET

              LIPO for the target

  NM_FOR_TARGET

              NM for the target

  OBJCOPY_FOR_TARGET

              OBJCOPY for the target

  OBJDUMP_FOR_TARGET

              OBJDUMP for the target

  RANLIB_FOR_TARGET

              RANLIB for the target

  READELF_FOR_TARGET

              READELF for the target

  STRIP_FOR_TARGET

              STRIP for the target

  WINDRES_FOR_TARGET

              WINDRES for the target

  WINDMC_FOR_TARGET

              WINDMC for the target

 

Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help

it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.

 可以看出该命令主要用于编译命令make前做一些配置。这里只对其中几个做一下解释。

--prefix

'--prefix'是最常用的选项.默认情况下，make install会安装文件在/usr/local/bin,/usr/local/lib等命令下。使用--prefix可以改变安装位置，如设置安装到主文件夹下：--prefix=$HOME。

--with-PACKAGE[=ARG]

在自由软件社区里,有使用已有软件包和库的优秀传统.当用'configure'来配置一个源码树时,可以提供其他已经安装的软件包的信息.例如,倚赖于Tcl和Tk的BLT器件工具包.要配置BLT,可能需要给'configure'提供一些关于我们把Tcl和Tk装的何处的信息:

$./configure --with-tcl=/usr/local --with-tk=/usr/local

'--with-PACKAGE=no'与'--without-PACKAGE'是同义的.

有时候你可能不想让你的软件包与系统已有的软件包交互.例如,你可能不想让你的新编译器使用GNUld.通过使用这个选项可以做到这一点:

$./configure --without-gnu-ld