android AsynTask 实现原理
android asynTask 是借助thread和handler一起结合起来实现的。从其他的Thread操作UI thread 中的view要借组Handler,asynTask封装了这部分的实现,通过ThreadPool实现,doInBackground()方法是在其他的线程中
运行, onPreExecute()、onProgressUpdate(...)和onPostExecute(...)都是运行的UI主线程中,onPreExecute()和其他两个方法还是有点区别的,它是直接在UI thread 里面运行的,而其他的两个方法是AsynTask里面的IntentHandler里面运行的,从其他的线程里面通过Message将信息传回到主线程中。
从外部启动调用AsyncTask, 通过调用execute方法。
public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) {
return executeOnExecutor(sDefaultExecutor, params);
}
用指定的参数执行方法, 放回自身对象,以便调用者可以保持对它的引用。
注意:这个方法在任务队列上为一个后台线程或者线程池调度任务。默认情况是在单线程中完成任务的。
public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> executeOnExecutor(Executor exec,Params... params) {
if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) {
switch (mStatus) {
case RUNNING:
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
+ " the task is already running.");
case FINISHED:
throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:"
+ " the task has already been executed "
+ "(a task can be executed only once)");
}
}
mStatus = Status.RUNNING;
onPreExecute();
mWorker.mParams = params;
exec.execute(mFuture);
return this;
}
这个方法必须是在主线程(UI thread)中运行.
这个方法可以用自定义的Executor,达到多个线程同时执行。
1. 方法首先是判断当前任务的状态;
2. 然后执行
onPreExecute()方法, 这个方法是空的, 如果用户重写了该方法,那么一般是些初始化的操作。 3. 然后把params参数传递给Callback类(Class:WorkerRunnable)的成 员变量mParams;这个参数会用到
FuthurTask中。
4.exec默认的情况下其实是SerialExecutor
5.返回自己
private static class SerialExecutor implements Executor {
final ArrayDeque<Runnable> mTasks = new ArrayDeque<Runnable>();
Runnable mActive;
public synchronized void execute(final Runnable r) {
mTasks.offer(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
r.run();
} finally {
scheduleNext();
}
}
});
if (mActive == null) {
scheduleNext();
}
}
protected synchronized void scheduleNext() {
if ((mActive = mTasks.poll()) != null) {
THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(mActive);
}
}
}
public AsyncTask() {
mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() {
public Result call() throws Exception {
mTaskInvoked.set(true);
Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND);
//noinspection unchecked
return postResult(doInBackground(mParams));
}
};
mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) {
@Override
protected void done() {
try {
postResultIfNotInvoked(get());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e);
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("An error occured while executing doInBackground()",
e.getCause());
} catch (CancellationException e) {
postResultIfNotInvoked(null);
}
}
};
}
exec.execute(mFuture);方法调用的时候,SerialExecutor.execute(Runnable r)会被调用,然后
Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR=new ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE,TimeUnit.SECONDS, sPoolWorkQueue, sThreadFactory);
THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR调用execute(Runnable r), 下面这段代码会触发执行:
new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
r.run();
} finally {
scheduleNext();
}
}
}
r.run(); 先调用mWorker.call()方法,在mWorker.call()方法中会触发doInBackground(mParams)方法,然后调用mFuture.done()方法。通过Handler(IntentHandler),
private static class InternalHandler extends Handler {
@SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"})
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
AsyncTaskResult result = (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj;
switch (msg.what) {
case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT:
// There is only one result
result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]);
break;
case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS:
result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData);
break;
}
}
}
整个调用过程就结束。
在doInBackground()方法中,如果主动调用了publishProgress(..) ,那么AsyncTask会通过IntentHandler调用onProgressUpdate()方法。