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最新推荐文章于 2016-12-01 20:43:52 发布

lukewang1983

最新推荐文章于 2016-12-01 20:43:52 发布

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分类专栏： J2EE & DB 文章标签： Servlet JSP Web XML SUN

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servletè¿æ»¤å¨

1. Servletè¿æ»¤å¨åºç¡
Servletè¿æ»¤å¨æ¯Servletçä¸ç§ç¹æ®ç¨æ³ï¼ä¸»è¦ç¨æ¥å®æä¸äºéç¨çæä½ãæ¯å¦ç¼ç çè¿æ»¤ï¼å¤æç¨æ·çç»éç¶æççãServletè¿æ»¤å¨çéç¨åºåï¼
Aï¼è®¤è¯è¿æ»¤
Bï¼ç»å½åå®¡æ ¸è¿æ»¤
Cï¼å¾åè½¬æ¢è¿æ»¤
Dï¼æ°æ®åç¼©è¿æ»¤
Eï¼å å¯è¿æ»¤
Fï¼ä»¤çè¿æ»¤
Gï¼èµæºè®¿é®è§¦åäºä»¶è¿æ»¤
Servletè¿æ»¤å¨æ¥å£çææï¼
ææçServletè¿æ»¤å¨ç±»é½å¿é¡»å®ç°javax.servlet.Filteræ¥å£ãè¿ä¸ªæ¥å£å«æ3ä¸ªè¿æ»¤å¨ç±»å¿é¡»å®ç°çæ¹æ³ï¼
æ¹æ³ è¯´æ
init(FilterConfig cfg) è¿æ¯Servletè¿æ»¤å¨çåå§åæ¹æ³ï¼æ§è´¨çåä¸servletçinitæ¹æ³ã
doFilter(ServletRequest,ServletResponse,FilterChain) å®æå®éçè¿æ»¤æä½ï¼å½è¯·æ±è®¿é®è¿æ»¤å¨å³èçURLæ¶ï¼Servletå®¹å¨å°åè°ç¨è¿æ»¤å¨çdoFilteræ¹æ³ãFilterChainåæ°ç¨äºè®¿é®åç»è¿æ»¤å¨
destroy() Servletå®¹å¨å¨éæ¯è¿æ»¤å¨å®ä¾åè°ç¨è¯¥æ¹æ³ï¼è¿ä¸ªæ¹æ³ä¸å¯ä»¥éæ¾Servletè¿æ»¤å¨å ç¨çèµæºãæ§è´¨çåä¸servletçdestory()æ¹æ³ã
Servletè¿æ»¤å¨çåå»ºæ¥éª¤ï¼
Aï¼å®ç°javax.servlet.Filteræ¥å£çservletç±»
Bï¼å®ç°initæ¹æ³ï¼è¯»åè¿æ»¤å¨çåå§åå½æ°
Cï¼å®ç°doFilteræ¹æ³ï¼å®æå¯¹è¯·æ±æè¿æ»¤çååº
Dï¼è°ç¨FilterChainæ¥å£å¯¹è±¡çdoFilteræ¹æ³ï¼ååç»çè¿æ»¤å¨ä¼ éè¯·æ±æååº
F.å¨web.xmlä¸éç½®Filter
2.ä½¿ç¨è¿æ»¤å¨å¤çä¸æé®é¢
å½ç¨ç¨æ·ç»éé¡µé¢è¾å¥å¸å·æ¶ï¼å¦æè¾å¥æ¯ä¸æï¼åå°servletåæ¬¡è¾åºè¿ä¸ªåå®¹æ¶ï¼å¯è½å°±ä¼æ¯ä¹±ç ï¼è¿æ¯å ä¸ºserlvetä¸é»è®¤æ¯ä»¥ISO-8859-1æ ¼å¼ç¼ç çï¼å¦æåå°æå¤ä¸ªServlet,å¤ä¸ªåæ°ï¼è¿æ ·å°±ä¸åéï¼è¿ä¸ªé®é¢ï¼æä»¬å¯ä»¥éè¿ä¸ä¸ªè¿æ»¤å¨ç»ä¸è§£å³ï¼ä½¿åå°çè¾åºè¾åºé½æ¯æä¸æï¼å°ISO-8859-1è½¬ç ä¸ºGBKçé£æ®µä»£ç ï¼
3.ä½¿ç¨è¿æ»¤å¨è®¤è¯ç¨æ·ï¼
æ¯ä¸ªè¿æ»¤å¨ä¹å¯ä»¥éç½®åå§ååæ°ï¼å¯ä»¥å°ä¸éè¦è¿æ»¤çå°åéç½®å°è¿ä¸ªFilterçéç½®åæ°ä¸ï¼è¿æ»¤æ¶ï¼å¦æè¯·æ±å°åå¨éç½®åæ°ä¸ï¼åæ¾è¡ï¼è¿æ · å°±é¿åäºå¨ç¨åºä¸ç¡¬ç¼ç ãæ¯ä¸ªFilterä¸åå§åæ¶ï¼é½å¯ä»¥å¾å°éç½®å¯¹è±¡ï¼å¨Filterä¸éç½®äºä¸ªä¸éè¦è¿æ»¤çå°åï¼ä¸ä¸ªæ¯ç»éé¡µé¢ï¼ä¸ä¸ªæ¯æ§è¡ç»é è®¤è¯çservletï¼
4.Servletçå¬å¨
ç±»ä¼¼ä¸Swingçé¢åºç¨å¼åï¼Servletä¹å¯ä»¥åå»ºçå¬å¨ï¼ä»¥å¯¹Servletå®¹å¨ï¼æServletä¸ä»¥è±¡çäºä»¶ååºååºãServletçå¬å¨ä¸»è¦æä»¥ä¸å ç§ï¼
ServletRequestListener ,ServletRequestAttributeListenerï¼
HttpSessionActivationListener ,HttpSessionBindingListener ,
HttpSessionAttributeListener,HttpSessionListener,
ServletContextListenerççã
è¿äºçå¬å¨ä¸»è¦ç¨æ¥çå¬session,request,applicationè¿ä¸ä¸ªå¯¹è±¡éååæ°æ®çååã
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

è¿æ»¤å¨æä¾äºå ä¸ªéè¦å¥½å¤ ï¼

  <xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
    DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
         "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
    <web-app>
     <filter>
        <filter-name>MyFilterfilter-name>
        <filter-class>myPackage.FilterClassfilter-class>
      filter>

      <filter-mapping>...filter-mapping>
     <web-app>

2.filter-mappingåç´
    filter-mappingåç´ ä½äºweb.xmlæä»¶ä¸filteråç´ ä¹åserlvetåç´ ä¹åãå®åå«å¦ä¸ä¸ä¸ªå¯è½çååç´ ï¼

1ã filter-name   è¿ä¸ªå¿éçåç´ å¿é¡»ä¸ç¨filteråç´ å£°ææ¶ç»äºè¿æ»¤å¨çåç§°ç¸å¹éã

2ã url-pattern   æ¤åç´ å£°æä¸ä¸ªä»¥ææ ï¼/ï¼å¼å§çæ¨¡å¼ï¼å®æå®è¿æ»¤å¨åºç¨çURLãææfilter-mappingåç´ ä¸å¿é¡»æä¾url-patternæ servlet-nameãä½ä¸è½å¯¹åä¸ªfilter-mappingåç´ æä¾å¤ä¸ªurl-patternåç´ é¡¹ãå¦æå¸æè¿æ»¤å¨éç¨äºå¤ä¸ªæ¨¡å¼ï¼å¯éå¤ æ´ä¸ªfilter-mappingåç´ ã

3ã servlet-name   æ¤åç´ ç»åºä¸ä¸ªåç§°ï¼æ¤åç§°å¿é¡»ä¸å©ç¨servletåç´ ç»äºservletæJSPé¡µé¢çåç§°ç¸å¹éãä¸è½ç»åä¸ªfilter-mappingåç´ æä¾ å¤ä¸ªservlet-nameåç´ é¡¹ãå¦æå¸æè¿æ»¤å¨éåäºå¤ä¸ªservletåï¼å¯éå¤è¿ä¸ªfilter-mappingåç´ ã
ä¸é¢ä¸¾ä¸ä¸ªä¾åï¼

xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
    DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
    <web-app>
      <filter>
        <filter-name>MyFilterfilter-name>
        <filter-class>myPackage.FilterClassfilter-class>
      filter>

      <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>MyFilterfilter-name>
        <url-pattern>/someDirectory/SomePage.jspurl-pattern>
      filter-mapping>
    web-app>

1.5 ç¦ç¨æ¿æ´»å¨servlet
å¨å¯¹èµæºåºç¨è¿æ»¤å¨æ¶ï¼å¯éè¿æå®è¦åºç¨è¿æ»¤å¨çURLæ¨¡å¼æservletåæ¥å®æãå¦ææä¾servletåï¼åæ¤åç§°å¿é¡»ä¸web.xmlç servletåç´ ä¸ç»åºçåç§°ç¸å¹éãå¦æä½¿ç¨åºç¨å°ä¸ä¸ªserlvetçURLæ¨¡å¼ï¼åæ¤æ¨¡å¼å¿é¡»ä¸å©ç¨web.xmlçåç´ servlet- mappingæå®çæ¨¡å¼ç¸å¹éãä½æ¯ï¼å¤æ°æå¡å¨ä½¿ç¨“æ¿æ´»å¨servlet”ä¸ºservletä½ç»ä¸ä¸ªç¼ºççURLï¼http: //host/WebAppPrefix/servlet/ServletNameãéè¦ä¿è¯ç¨æ·ä¸å©ç¨è¿ä¸ªURLè®¿é®servletï¼è¿æ ·ä¼ç»è¿è¿æ»¤å¨ è®¾ç½®ï¼ã
ä¾å¦ï¼åå¦å©ç¨filteråfilter-mappingæç¤ºåä¸ºSomeFilterçè¿æ»¤å¨åºç¨å°åä¸ºSomeServletçservletï¼åå¦ä¸ï¼

<filter>
      <filter-name>SomeFilterfilter-name>
      <filter-class>somePackage.SomeFilterClassfilter-class>
   <filter>

    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>SomeFilterfilter-name>
      <servlet-name>SomeServletservlet-name>
     <filter-mapping>

æ¥çï¼ç¨servletåservlet-mappingè§å®URL http://host/webAppPrefix/Blah åºè¯¥è°ç¨SomeSerlvetï¼å¦ä¸æç¤ºï¼

<filter>
      <filter-name>SomeFilterfilter-name>
      <filter-class>somePackage.SomeFilterClassfilter-class>
    filter>

    <filter-mapping>
      <filter-name>SomeFilterfilter-name>
      <servlet-name>/Blahservlet-name>
     <filter-mapping>

ç°å¨ï¼å¨å®¢æ·æºä½¿ç¨URL http://host/webAppPrefix/Blah æ¶å°±ä¼è°ç¨è¿æ»¤å¨ãè¿æ»¤å¨ä¸åºç¨å°
http://host/webAppPrefix/servlet/SomePackage.SomeServletClassã
å°½ç®¡æå³éæ¿æ´»å¨çæå¡å¨ä¸ç¨æ¹æ³ãä½æ¯ï¼å¯ç§»æ¤æå¼ºçæ¹æ³æ¶éæ°æ å°Webåºç¨éç/servletæ¨¡å¼ï¼è¿æ ·ä½¿ææåå«æ¤æ¨¡å¼çè¯·æ±è¢«éå°ç¸åç servletä¸ãä¸ºäºéæ°æ å°æ¤æ¨¡å¼ï¼é¦ååºè¯¥å»ºç«ä¸ä¸ªç®åçservletï¼å®æå°ä¸æ¡éè¯¯æ¶æ¯ï¼æéå®åç¨æ·å°é¡¶å±é¡µãç¶åï¼ä½¿ç¨servletå servlet-mappingåç´ åéåå«/servletæ¨¡å¼çè¯·æ±å°è¯¥servletãç¨åºæ¸å9-1ç»åºäºä¸ä¸ªç®ççä¾åã

ç¨åºæ¸å9-1 web.xmlï¼éå®åç¼ºçservlet URLçæå½ï¼

xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
    DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
         "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
         "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">
    <web-app>

    <servlet>
      <servlet-name>Errorservlet-name>
      <servlet-class>somePackage.ErrorServletservlet-class>
    servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>Errorservlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/servlet/*url-pattern>
    servlet-mapping>

    <web-app>

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
è§£å³ä¹±ç

web.xmlå éç½®

<filter>
  <filter-name>Filter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>
   com.util.EncodingFilter
  </filter-class>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>Encoding</param-name>
   <param-value>gb2312</param-value>
  </init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>Filter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

EncodingFilter.java

package com.hibernate.util;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class EncodingFilter implements Filter {
protected FilterConfig config;

protected String Encoding = null;

public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {

this.config = config;
this.Encoding = config.getInitParameter("Encoding");

}

public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

  if (request.getCharacterEncoding() == null) {
   if (Encoding != null) {
    request.setCharacterEncoding(Encoding);
    response.setCharacterEncoding(Encoding);
   }
  }
  chain.doFilter(request,response);
}
public void destroy() {}
}

OK!!!

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

å¾ç®åçè¿æ»¤å¨ï¼å°±æ¯ä¸ºäºè®°å½ä¸ä¸ªurlçè¯·æ±æ¶é´ filter:

package com.javaeye.wqf;
import javax.servlet.*;
public class CounterFilter implements Filter {
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Filter start at "+start);
chain.doFilter(request, response);
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("Filter end at "+end);
}
}

<filter>
<filter-name>test</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.javaeye.wqf.CounterFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>test</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

System.out.println("Filter end at "+end);

lukewang1983

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