ActiveMQ包含了很多features(详见http://activemq.apache.org/features.html ),
不同的需求,不同的环境,需要不同的features,当然需要不同的配置。在这里我只写了最基本的配置,算是抛砖了,希望引出更多关于ActiveMQ的高级配置。
假设已经正确安装ActiveMQ5.0,同时及其IP地址为192.168.1.148,具体使用时可以改为自己的IP。下面讲解的配置实现的features如下:
1. 客户端可以通过tcp://192.168.1.148连接ActiveMQ。
2. 消息持久化保存,重启服务器不会丢失消息。
3. 可以通过http://192.168.1.148:8161/admin监控ActiveMQ服务器
配置
ActiveMQ默认使用的是XML格式配置,从4.0版本开始用MBean的方式实现XML配置,配置文件在${activemq.home}/conf目录下,文件名为activemq.xml。最新的默认配置见
http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/activemq/trunk/assembly/src/release/conf/activemq.xml 。下面为本篇文章使用的配置,及重要部分的解释。
- 1. <beans
- 2. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- 3. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:amq="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"
- 4. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Schema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
- 5. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0 http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/schema/<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>-core.xsd
- 6. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>
- 7.
- 8. <!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存储消息,和子元素persistenceAdapter结合使用 -->
- 9. <!-- dataDirectory默认的存储持久化数据的目录 -->
- 10. <!-- brokerName 设置broker的name,在注意在网络上必须是唯一的-->
- 11. <!-- 更多参考http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org /xbean-<SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>-reference-50.html#XBean<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Reference5.0-brokerelement -->
- 12. <broker <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">
- 13.
- 14. <!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
- 15. <!-- wildcards意义见http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
- 16. <destinationPolicy>
- 17. <policyMap>
- 18. <policyEntries>
- 19. <!-- 这里使用了wildcards,表示所有以EUCITA开头的topic -->
- 20. <policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">
- 21. <!-- 分发策略 -->
- 22. <dispatchPolicy>
- 23. <!-- 按顺序分发 -->
- 24. <strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
- 25. </dispatchPolicy>
- 26. <!-- 恢复策略-->
- 27. <subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
- 28. <!-- 只恢复最后一个message -->
- 29. <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
- 30. </subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
- 31. </policyEntry>
- 32. </policyEntries>
- 33. </policyMap>
- 34. </destinationPolicy>
- 35.
- 36. <!-- The transport connectors <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN> will listen to -->
- 37. <transportConnectors>
- 38. <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>
- 39. <transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>
- 40. <transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>
- 41. <transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>
- 42. </transportConnectors>
- 43.
- 44. <!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
- 45. <persistenceAdapter>
- 46. <amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data"/>
- 47. </persistenceAdapter>
- 48. </broker>
- 49.
- 50. <!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN>.Agent topic -->
- 51. <commandAgent <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"/>
- 52.
- 53. <!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
- 54. <jetty <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">
- 55. <connectors>
- 56. <nioConnector port="8161" />
- 57. </connectors>
- 58.
- 59. <handlers>
- 60. <webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />
- 61. <webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />
- 62. </handlers>
- 63. </jetty>
- 64. </beans>
1. <beans 2. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 3. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:amq="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0" 4. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Schema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd 5. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0 http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/schema/<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>-core.xsd 6. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/camel/schema/spring> 7. 8. <!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存储消息,和子元素persistenceAdapter结合使用 --> 9. <!-- dataDirectory默认的存储持久化数据的目录 --> 10. <!-- brokerName 设置broker的name,在注意在网络上必须是唯一的--> 11. <!-- 更多参考http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org /xbean-<SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>-reference-50.html#XBean<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Reference5.0-brokerelement --> 12. <broker <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false"> 13. 14. <!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards --> 15. <!-- wildcards意义见http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/wildcards.html --> 16. <destinationPolicy> 17. <policyMap> 18. <policyEntries> 19. <!-- 这里使用了wildcards,表示所有以EUCITA开头的topic --> 20. <policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb"> 21. <!-- 分发策略 --> 22. <dispatchPolicy> 23. <!-- 按顺序分发 --> 24. <strictOrderDispatchPolicy/> 25. </dispatchPolicy> 26. <!-- 恢复策略--> 27. <subscriptionRecoveryPolicy> 28. <!-- 只恢复最后一个message --> 29. <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/> 30. </subscriptionRecoveryPolicy> 31. </policyEntry> 32. </policyEntries> 33. </policyMap> 34. </destinationPolicy> 35. 36. <!-- The transport connectors <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN> will listen to --> 37. <transportConnectors> 38. <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/> 39. <transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/> 40. <transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/> 41. <transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/> 42. </transportConnectors> 43. 44. <!-- 消息持久化方式 --> 45. <persistenceAdapter> 46. <amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data"/> 47. </persistenceAdapter> 48. </broker> 49. 50. <!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN>.Agent topic --> 51. <commandAgent <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"/> 52. 53. <!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console --> 54. <jetty <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0"> 55. <connectors> 56. <nioConnector port="8161" /> 57. </connectors> 58. 59. <handlers> 60. <webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" /> 61. <webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" /> 62. </handlers> 63. </jetty> 64. </beans>
注释
关于XML配置中元素的具体信息可以参考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html 下面介绍本篇配置使用的一些重要元素。
DispathPolicy
ActiveMQ支持3中不同的分发策略(避免翻译了以后误解,这里用原文):
1. <roundRobinDispatchPolicy>:Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
2. <simpleDispatchPolicy>:Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
3. <strictOrderDispatchPolicy>:Dispatch policy that causes every subscription to see messages in the same order.
SubscriptionRecoveryPolicy
ActiveMQ支持6种恢复策略,可以自行选择使用不同的策略
1. <fixedCountSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>: keep a fixed count of last messages.
2. <fixedSizedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>: keep a fixed amount of memory available in RAM for message history which is evicted in time order.
3. <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:only keep the last message.
4. <noSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:disable recovery of messages.
5. <queryBasedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:perform a user specific query mechanism to load any messages they may have missed.
6. <timedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>:keep a timed buffer of messages around in memory and use that to recover new subscriptions.
PersistenceAdapter
http://activemq.apache.org/persistence 讲解了关于persistence的信息。ActiveMQ5.0使用AMQ Message Store 持久化消息,这种方式提供了很好的性能(The AMQ Message Store is an embeddable transactional message storage solution that is extremely fast and reliable.)默认使用该存储方式即可,如果想使用JDBC来存储,可以查找文档配置。
Summary
本篇文章只提供了基本配置信息。如果需要更多的文章,可以查看ActiveMQ的文档。
讲了安装和简单的配置,下一篇将介绍和Sping的整合,以及多个queue,多个topic,多个producer,多个consumer的配置,使用。