- 初始化两个栈:运算符栈s1和储存中间结果的栈s2;
- 从左至右扫描中缀表达式;
- 遇到操作数时,将其压s2;
- 遇到运算符时,比较其与s1栈顶运算符的优先级:
- 如果s1为空,或栈顶运算符为左括号“(”,则直接将此运算符入栈;
- 否则,若优先级比栈顶运算符的高,也将运算符压入s1;
- 否则,将s1栈顶的运算符弹出并压入到s2中,再次转到(4.1)与s1中新的栈顶运算符相比较;
- 遇到括号时:
- 如果是左括号
“(”
,则直接压入s1 - 如果是右括号
“)”
,则依次弹出s1栈顶的运算符,并压入s2,直到遇到左括号为止,此时将这一对括号丢弃
- 重复步骤2至5,直到表达式的最右边
- 将s1中剩余的运算符依次弹出并压入s2
- 依次弹出s2中的元素并输出,结果的逆序即为中缀表达式对应的后缀表达式
public class PolandNotation {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String expression = "1+((2+3)*4)-5";
List<String> infixExpressionList = toInfixExpressionList(expression);
List<String> suffixExpreesionList = parseSuffixExpreesionList(infixExpressionList);
System.out.printf("expression=%d", calculate(suffixExpreesionList));
}
public static List<String> toInfixExpressionList(String s) {
List<String> ls = new ArrayList<String>();
int i = 0;
String str;
char c;
do {
if((c=s.charAt(i)) < 48 || (c=s.charAt(i)) > 57) {
ls.add("" + c);
i++;
} else {
str = "";
while(i < s.length() && (c=s.charAt(i)) >= 48 && (c=s.charAt(i)) <= 57) {
str += c;
i++;
}
ls.add(str);
}
}while(i < s.length());
return ls;
}
public static List<String> parseSuffixExpreesionList(List<String> ls) {
Stack<String> s1 = new Stack<String>();
List<String> s2 = new ArrayList<String>();
for(String item: ls) {
if(item.matches("\\d+")) {
s2.add(item);
} else if ("(".equals(item)) {
s1.push(item);
} else if (")".equals(item)) {
while(!"(".equals(s1.peek())) {
s2.add(s1.pop());
}
s1.pop();
} else {
while(s1.size() != 0 && Operation.getValue(s1.peek()) >= Operation.getValue(item) ) {
s2.add(s1.pop());
}
s1.push(item);
}
}
while(s1.size() != 0) {
s2.add(s1.pop());
}
return s2;
}
public static List<String> getListString(String suffixExpression) {
String[] split = suffixExpression.split(" ");
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
for(String ele: split) {
list.add(ele);
}
return list;
}
public static int calculate(List<String> ls) {
Stack<String> stack = new Stack<String>();
for (String item : ls) {
if (item.matches("\\d+")) {
stack.push(item);
} else {
int num2 = Integer.parseInt(stack.pop());
int num1 = Integer.parseInt(stack.pop());
int res = 0;
if (item.equals("+")) {
res = num1 + num2;
} else if (item.equals("-")) {
res = num1 - num2;
} else if (item.equals("*")) {
res = num1 * num2;
} else if (item.equals("/")) {
res = num1 / num2;
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("运算符有误");
}
stack.push("" + res);
}
}
return Integer.parseInt(stack.pop());
}
}
class Operation {
private static int ADD = 1;
private static int SUB = 1;
private static int MUL = 2;
private static int DIV = 2;
public static int getValue(String operation) {
int result = 0;
switch (operation) {
case "+":
result = ADD;
break;
case "-":
result = SUB;
break;
case "*":
result = MUL;
break;
case "/":
result = DIV;
break;
default:
System.out.println("不存在该运算符" + operation);
break;
}
return result;
}
}