C++（MFC）调用Python

环境：

phyton版本：3.10

VS版本：VS2017

包含文件头：Python\Python310\include
包含库文件：Python\Python310\libs

程序运行期间，以下函数只需要调用一次即可，重复调用会导致崩溃

void Initialize();
void Finalize();

“C_Test.py”需要拷贝程序运行所有的目录。

下载：https://download.csdn.net/download/luo_sen/88094131

PythonHelper.h

#pragma once
#include<string>
using namespace std;
/*
phyton版本：3.10
包含文件头：Python\Python310\include
包含库文件：Python\Python310\libs
*/
// https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/arg.html
/*
b (int) [unsigned char]
Convert a nonnegative Python integer to an unsigned tiny int, stored in a C unsigned char.

B (int) [unsigned char]
Convert a Python integer to a tiny int without overflow checking, stored in a C unsigned char.

h (int) [short int]
Convert a Python integer to a C short int.

H (int) [unsigned short int]
Convert a Python integer to a C unsigned short int, without overflow checking.

i (int) [int]
Convert a Python integer to a plain C int.

I (int) [unsigned int]
Convert a Python integer to a C unsigned int, without overflow checking.

l (int) [long int]
Convert a Python integer to a C long int.

k (int) [unsigned long]
Convert a Python integer to a C unsigned long without overflow checking.

L (int) [long long]
Convert a Python integer to a C long long.

K (int) [unsigned long long]
Convert a Python integer to a C unsigned long long without overflow checking.

n (int) [Py_ssize_t]
Convert a Python integer to a C Py_ssize_t.

c (bytes or bytearray of length 1) [char]
Convert a Python byte, represented as a bytes or bytearray object of length 1, to a C char.

Changed in version 3.3: Allow bytearray objects.

C (str of length 1) [int]
Convert a Python character, represented as a str object of length 1, to a C int.

f (float) [float]
Convert a Python floating point number to a C float.

d (float) [double]
Convert a Python floating point number to a C double.

D (complex) [Py_complex]
Convert a Python complex number to a C Py_complex structure.
*/

#define  PYTHON_FILE_NAME _T("C_Test")

extern "C"
{
#include "Python.h"
}



class CPythonHelper
{
	
public:
	void			Initialize();
	void			Finalize();
	
	PyObject*		GetPyFunc(CString strModuleName, CString strFuncName);	
	PyObject*		RunPyFunc(CString strModuleName, CString strFuncName, PyObject *pArgs);
	int				PyTupleSetItem(PyObject *, Py_ssize_t, PyObject *);

	CString			PyObjectToCString(PyObject *pPyObj);
	int				PyObjectToInt(PyObject *pPyObj);
	double			PyObjectToFloat(PyObject *pPyObj);
	int				PyObjectToFloatArray(PyObject *pPyObj, CArray<double, double>& szData);

	PyObject*		IntToPyObject(int data);
	PyObject*		FloatToPyObject(double data);
	PyObject*       CStringToPyObject(CString data);
	PyObject*		FloatArrayToPyObject(CArray<double, double> &szData);
	

	PyObject*		CreateArgs(int size);

protected:
	string			UTF8_To_string(const std::string & str);
	string			string_To_UTF8(const std::string & str);
	string			CStringToPyString(CString text);
	PyObject*		GetPyFunc(char* pModuleName, char* pFuncName);
	PyObject*		RunPyFunc(char* pModuleName, char* pFuncName, PyObject *pArgs);


	
};

PythonHelper.cpp

#include "pch.h"
#include "PythonHelper.h"


std::string CPythonHelper::UTF8_To_string(const std::string & str)
{
	int nwLen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);

	wchar_t * pwBuf = new wchar_t[nwLen + 1];//一定要加1，不然会出现尾巴 
	memset(pwBuf, 0, nwLen * 2 + 2);

	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str.c_str(), str.length(), pwBuf, nwLen);

	int nLen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pwBuf, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

	char * pBuf = new char[nLen + 1];
	memset(pBuf, 0, nLen + 1);

	WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP, 0, pwBuf, nwLen, pBuf, nLen, NULL, NULL);

	std::string retStr = pBuf;

	delete[]pBuf;
	delete[]pwBuf;

	pBuf = NULL;
	pwBuf = NULL;

	return retStr;
}
std::string CPythonHelper::string_To_UTF8(const std::string & str)
{
	int nwLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);

	wchar_t * pwBuf = new wchar_t[nwLen + 1];//一定要加1，不然会出现尾巴 
	ZeroMemory(pwBuf, nwLen * 2 + 2);

	::MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, str.c_str(), str.length(), pwBuf, nwLen);

	int nLen = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, pwBuf, -1, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

	char * pBuf = new char[nLen + 1];
	ZeroMemory(pBuf, nLen + 1);

	::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, pwBuf, nwLen, pBuf, nLen, NULL, NULL);

	std::string retStr(pBuf);

	delete[]pwBuf;
	delete[]pBuf;

	pwBuf = NULL;
	pBuf = NULL;

	return retStr;
}


string CPythonHelper::CStringToPyString(CString text)
{
	string tt = CT2A(text);
	string strUTF8 = string_To_UTF8(tt);
	return strUTF8;
}

CString CPythonHelper::PyObjectToCString(PyObject *pPyObj)
{
	PyObject* str = PyUnicode_AsEncodedString(pPyObj, "utf-8", "Error");
	char *result = (PyBytes_AsString(str));
	string temp = UTF8_To_string(result);
	CString strResult = CString(temp.c_str());
	return strResult;
}
int CPythonHelper::PyObjectToInt(PyObject *pPyObj)
{
	int data = 0;
	PyArg_Parse(pPyObj, "i", &data);
	return data;
}
double CPythonHelper::PyObjectToFloat(PyObject *pPyObj)
{
	double data = 0;
	PyArg_Parse(pPyObj, "d", &data);
	return data;
}

 int CPythonHelper::PyObjectToFloatArray(PyObject *pPyObj, CArray<double, double>& szData)
{
	 szData.RemoveAll();
	int SizeOfList = PyList_Size(pPyObj);
	for (int i = 0; i < SizeOfList; i++)
	{
		PyObject *Item = PyList_GetItem(pPyObj, i);
		double result=0;
		PyArg_Parse(Item, "d", &result);
		szData.Add(result);
	}
	return SizeOfList;

}

void CPythonHelper::Initialize()
{
	if (!Py_IsInitialized())
	{
		Py_Initialize();
	}
		
}

void CPythonHelper::Finalize()
{
	if (Py_IsInitialized())
	{
		Py_Finalize();
	}
	
}
PyObject* CPythonHelper::GetPyFunc(CString strModuleName, CString strFuncName)
{
	string pModuleName = CStringToPyString(strModuleName);
	string pFuncName = CStringToPyString(strFuncName);
	return GetPyFunc((char*)pModuleName.c_str(), (char*)pFuncName.c_str());

}

PyObject* CPythonHelper::GetPyFunc(char* pModuleName, char* pFuncName)
{
	PyObject *pModule = PyImport_ImportModule(pModuleName);
	PyObject *pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, pFuncName);
	//Py_CLEAR(pModule);
	return pFunc;
}

PyObject * CPythonHelper::RunPyFunc(char* pModuleName, char* pFuncName, PyObject *pArgs)
{
	PyObject *pFunc = GetPyFunc(pModuleName, pFuncName);
	PyObject *pRetrun = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc, pArgs);	
	//Py_CLEAR(pFunc);
	return pRetrun;
}
PyObject * CPythonHelper::RunPyFunc(CString strModuleName, CString strFuncName, PyObject *pArgs)
{
	string pModuleName = CStringToPyString(strModuleName);
	string pFuncName = CStringToPyString(strFuncName);
	PyObject *pRetrun = RunPyFunc((char*)pModuleName.c_str(), (char*)pFuncName.c_str(), pArgs);	
	return pRetrun;
}
int CPythonHelper::PyTupleSetItem(PyObject * pObject, Py_ssize_t index, PyObject * pData)
{
	return PyTuple_SetItem(pObject, index, pData);
}

PyObject* CPythonHelper::IntToPyObject(int data)
{
	return Py_BuildValue("i", data);
}
PyObject* CPythonHelper::FloatToPyObject(double data)
{
	return Py_BuildValue("d", data);
}

PyObject* CPythonHelper::FloatArrayToPyObject(CArray<double, double> &szData)
{
	int nSize = szData.GetSize();
	PyObject *PyList = PyList_New(nSize);
	for (int i = 0; i < PyList_Size(PyList); i++)
	{
		PyList_SetItem(PyList, i, PyFloat_FromDouble(szData[i]));
	}
	return PyList;
}
PyObject* CPythonHelper::CStringToPyObject(CString data)
{
	 return Py_BuildValue("s", (CStringToPyString(data).c_str())); 

}

PyObject* CPythonHelper::CreateArgs(int size)
{
	
	return PyTuple_New(size);
}

C_Test.py

def Hello():
    print("hello Python")

def Add(a,b):
    import numpy as np
    print(np.pi)
    return a+b

def GetText(msg):
    print(msg)
    return  msg;

程序调用示例-整数（一）：

CPythonHelper PY;

PY.Initialize();

    int a = 10;
	int b = 20;
	int sum = 0;	
	//参数设置
	PyObject *pArgs = PyTuple_New(2);
	PY.PyTupleSetItem(pArgs, 0,Py_BuildValue("i", a));
	PY.PyTupleSetItem(pArgs, 1, Py_BuildValue("i", b));
	//调用函数
	PyObject *pRetrun = PY.RunPyFunc(PYTHON_FILE_NAME, _T("Add"), pArgs);
	//返回值转换
	PyArg_Parse(pRetrun, "i", &sum);
	//输出
	CString strResult = _T("");
	strResult.Format(_T("%d+%d=%d"), a, b, sum);
	AfxMessageBox(strResult);

PY.Finalize();

程序调用示例-字符串（二）

  CPythonHelper PY;
  PY.Initialize();
    CString strText = _T("ABC中国人123");
	//参数设置
	PyObject *pArgs = PyTuple_New(1);
	PY.PyTupleSetItem(pArgs, 0, Py_BuildValue("s", PY.CStringToPyString(strText).c_str()));
	//调用函数
	PyObject *pRetrun = PY.RunPyFunc(PYTHON_FILE_NAME, _T("GetText"), pArgs);
	//返回值转换
	CString strResult = PY.PyObjectToCString(pRetrun);
	//输出
	AfxMessageBox(strResult);
 PY.Finalize();

程序调用示例-数组（三）

 

   CPythonHelper PY;
   PY.Initialize();

   CString strText = _T("ABC中国人123");
	//参数设置
	PyObject *pArgs = PY.CreateArgs(1);
	PyObject* pObject = PY.CStringToPyObject(strText);

	CArray<double, double> szData;
	szData.Add(1.0);
	szData.Add(1.1);
	szData.Add(2);

	PyObject *PyList = PY.FloatArrayToPyObject(szData);

	PY.PyTupleSetItem(pArgs, 0, PyList);
	//调用函数
	PyObject *pReturn = PY.RunPyFunc(PYTHON_FILE_NAME, _T("SetVaule"), pArgs);
	//返回值转换
	PY.PyObjectToFloatArray(pReturn, szData);

    PY.Finalize();