C++ 字符串处理3-实现starts_with和ends_with的字符串判断功能

• 1. 关键词
• 2. C++20及之后
• 3. C++20之前
  • 3.1. strutil.h
  • 3.2. strutil.cpp
  • 3.3. 测试代码
  • 3.4. 运行结果
  • 3.5. 源码地址

1. 关键词

C++ 字符串处理 starts_with ends_with std::string 跨平台

2. C++20及之后

C++20标准开始，STL已经提供了starts_with和ends_with函数，可以直接使用。在 <string>头文件中，可以直接作为字符串对象的成员函数使用。

官方API文档: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/string/basic_string

3. C++20之前

C++20之前, STL本身不支持starts_with和ends_with的功能，开发者需要自己实现，可参考以下实现代码。

3.1. strutil.h

#include <string>
namespace cutl
{
    /**
     * @brief Check if a string starts with a given substring.
     *
     * @param str the string to be checked.
     * @param start the substring to be checked.
     * @param ignoreCase whether to ignore case when comparing, default is false.
     * @return true if the string starts with the substring, false otherwise.
     */
    bool starts_with(const std::string &str, const std::string &start, bool ignoreCase = false);
    /**
     * @brief Check if a string ends with a given substring.
     *
     * @param str the string to be checked.
     * @param end the substring to be checked.
     * @param ignoreCase whether to ignore case when comparing, default is false.
     * @return true if the string ends with the substring, false otherwise.
     */
    bool ends_with(const std::string &str, const std::string &end, bool ignoreCase = false);
} // namespace cutl

3.2. strutil.cpp

#include <cctype>
#include <algorithm>
#include "strutil.h"

namespace cutl
{
    bool starts_with(const std::string &str, const std::string &start, bool ignoreCase)
    {
        int srclen = str.size();
        int startlen = start.size();
        if (srclen < startlen)
        {
            return false;
        }

        std::string temp = str.substr(0, startlen);
        if (ignoreCase)
        {
            return to_lower(temp) == to_lower(start);
        }
        else
        {
            return temp == start;
        }
    }

    bool ends_with(const std::string &str, const std::string &end, bool ignoreCase)
    {
        int srclen = str.size();
        int endlen = end.size();
        if (srclen < endlen)
        {
            return false;
        }

        std::string temp = str.substr(srclen - endlen, endlen);
        if (ignoreCase)
        {
            return to_lower(temp) == to_lower(end);
        }
        else
        {
            return temp == end;
        }
    }
} // namespace cutl

3.3. 测试代码

#include "common.hpp"
#include "strutil.h"

void TestStartswithEndswith()
{
    PrintSubTitle("TestStartswithEndswith");

    std::string str1 = "Hello, world!";
    std::string str2 = "GOODBYE, WORLD!";
    std::cout << str1 << " start with hello : " << cutl::starts_with(str1, "hello") << std::endl;
    std::cout << str1 << " start with hello ignoreCase: " << cutl::starts_with(str1, "hello", true) << std::endl;
    std::cout << str2 << " end with world! : " << cutl::ends_with(str2, "world!") << std::endl;
    std::cout << str2 << " end with world! ignoreCase: " << cutl::ends_with(str2, "world!", true) << std::endl;
}

3.4. 运行结果

---------------------------------------TestStartswithEndswith---------------------------------------
Hello, world! start with hello : 0
Hello, world! start with hello ignoreCase: 1
GOODBYE, WORLD! end with world! : 0
GOODBYE, WORLD! end with world! ignoreCase: 1

3.5. 源码地址

更多详细代码，请查看本人写的C++ 通用工具库: common_util, 本项目已开源，代码简洁，且有详细的文档和Demo。