虚析构函数与内存泄漏

1、当申请的动态内存指针是基类指针时，需考虑内存的泄漏情况如下代码：

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class A 
{
public:
A(){
cout << "constructor A" << endl;
}
~A()
{
cout << "destructor A" << endl;
}
};
class B:public A
{
public:
B(){
cout  << "constructor B" << endl;
}
~B(){
cout  << "destructor B" << endl;
}
};
int main(void)
 {
  A *p = new B;//基类指针时才会考虑到虚函数和虚析构函数

delete p;

}

输出：

constructor A
constructor B
destructor A

可知B类的析构函数没被调用，当B类中的成员变量有指针时，就会导致内存的泄漏。

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class A 
{
public:
A(){
cout << "constructor A" << endl;
}
virtual ~A()
{
cout << "destructor A" << endl;
}

};
class B:public A
{
public:
B(){
cout  << "constructor B" << endl;
}
~B(){
cout  << "destructor B" << endl;
}
};
int main(void)
 {
  A *p = new B;
delete p;

 }

输出：

constructor A
constructor B
destructor B
destructor A

此时虚析构函数的的定义就会调用B类的析构函数。

2、当定义的是派生类指针就不会出现析构函数不被调用的情况

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
class A 
{
public:
A(){
cout << "constructor A" << endl;
}
~A()
{
cout << "destructor A" << endl;
}
};
class B:public A
{
public:
B(){
cout  << "constructor B" << endl;
}
~B(){
cout  << "destructor B" << endl;
}
};
int main(void)
 {
B *p = new B;
delete p;

 }

输出：

constructor A
constructor B
destructor B
destructor A

此时当B中的析构函数被调用